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At least 541 records · Page 30Linked to original sources
PubMed2004

[Kinetics of degradation of hexane in the gas phase by photocatalysis and combined photocatalysis and ozone].

The degradations of trace hexane under high flow rate (5 L/min-17 L/min) in the gas phase by TiO2/UV, O3/UV and O3/TiO2/UV were studied. The kinetic effects of the inlet concentration of hexane, flow rate, water concentration and ozone dosage on the conversion of hexane in the three processes were examined respectively. The experimental results showed that the addition of ozone to the photocatalysis process increased the conversion of hexane significantly. The O3/TiO2/UV process was more efficient than the TiO2/UV in decomposing hexane. The degradation rate increased with increasing the initial concentration of hexane in the processes of TiO2/UV and O3/TiO2/UV. They matched well with the Langmuir-Hinshelwood (L-H) kinetic model. In the range of flow rate studied, the degradation rate increased with an increasing flow rate in both processes of TiO2/UV and O3/TiO2/UV, while was not affected in the process of O3/UV. The degradation rate in the three processes was affected by water concentration. The degradation rate of the two processes O3/UV and O3/TiO2/UV increased almost linearly with the increase of ozone dosage.

Air Pollutants↗
PubMed1989

Trace anesthetic gases during xenon arc photocoagulation for retinoblastoma.

In pediatric ocular examinations, administration of continuous-flow anesthetic gases containing nitrous oxide, halothane, and oxygen enables the physician to do safe, controlled, reproducible examinations. We did a study in which the levels of waste anesthetic gases were measured during xenon arc photocoagulation procedures used for retinoblastoma. Waste nitrous oxide and halothane gases measured during these procedures significantly exceeded the levels recommended by the National Institute of Safety and Health. These high levels are of particular importance because of the physician's proximity to the patient during the procedure. The high levels of waste gases may have immediate deleterious effects on the physician's functioning capacity and may also pose long-term health hazards for the physician and operating room personnel.

Air Pollutants, Occupational↗
PubMed2006

The impact of UV-B and sulphur- or copper-containing solutions in acidic conditions on chlorophyll fluorescence in selected Ramalina species.

Ramalina maciformis and Ramalina lacera were exposed to different solutions and UV-B to seek for alterations in the PSII photosynthetic quantum yield (F(v)/F(m)), in response to chemicals and radiation. For R. maciformis, significant alterations of the F(v)/F(m) ratio occurred only in response to different bisulphite solutions. The F(v)/F(m) ratio decreased most in R. maciformis and R. lacera following exposure to 5 and 1 mM bisulphite, respectively. Significant differences in F(v)/F(m) ratios were observed for R. lacera in response to different solutions and light at different wavelengths, this being synergistic. The PSII system was unaffected by simulated acid rain in both lichens. R. maciformis, in particular, may survive limited acid rain exposure owing to high Ca oxalate accumulation. The F(v)/F(m) ratio decreased most in R. lacera following short-term exposures to CuSO(4), suggesting that this species is more sensitive to Cu ions under acidic conditions.

Acid Rain↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The hygienic conditions in children's and teenagers' institutions].

The leading risk factors in children and teenagers at the educational establishments of Samara Province can be considered to be unfavourable changes that determine the teaching conditions: impairments in an educational process, school routine, dietary deficiencies, nonobservance of sanitary and hygienic requirements for water supply and sewer system, aerothermal and light conditions, for the equipment of workshops and school furniture. With the participation of sanitary surveillance bodies, Samara Province has been introducing (in 1998-1999) a comprehensive assessment of a risk.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Meteorological factors of ozone predictability at Houston, Texas.

Several ozone modeling approaches were investigated to determine if uncertainties in the meteorological data would be sufficiently large to limit the application of physically realistic ozone (O3) forecast models. Three diagnostic schemes were evaluated for the period of May through September 1997 for Houston, TX. Correlations between measured daily maximum and model calculated O3 air concentrations were found to be 0.70 using a linear regression model, 0.65 using a non-advective box model, and 0.49 using a three-dimensional (3-D) transport and dispersion model. Although the regression model had the highest correlation, it showed substantial underestimates of the highest concentrations. The box model results were the most similar to the regression model and did not show as much underestimation. The more complex 3-D modeling approach yielded the worst results, likely resulting from O3 maxima that were driven by local factors rather than by the transport of pollutants from outside of the Houston domain. The highest O3 concentrations at Houston were associated with light winds and meandering trajectories. A comparison of the gridded meteorological data used by the 3-D model to the observations showed that the wind direction and speed values at Houston differed most on those days on which the O3 underestimations were the greatest. These periods also tended to correspond with poor precipitation and temperature estimates. It is concluded that better results are not just obtained through additional modeling complexity, but there needs to be a comparable increase in the accuracy of the meteorological data.

Air Pollution↗