Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Information Science”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 541 records · Page 30Linked to original sources
PubMed2006

Dealing with an information overload of health science data: structured utilisation of libraries, distributed knowledge in databases and Web content.

The organizational structures of web contents and electronic information resources must adapt to the demands of a growing volume of information and user requirements. Otherwise the information society will be threatened by disinformation. The biomedical sciences are especially vulnerable in this regard, since they are strongly oriented toward text-based knowledge sources. Here sustainable improvement can only be achieved by using a comprehensive, integrated approach that not only includes data management but also specifically incorporates the editorial processes, including structuring information sources and publication. The technical resources needed to effectively master these tasks are already available in the form of the data standards and tools of the Semantic Web. They include Rich Site Summaries (RSS), which have become an established means of distributing and syndicating conventional news messages and blogs. They can also provide access to the contents of the previously mentioned information sources, which are conventionally classified as 'deep web' content.

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMed1993

Charting a path for health sciences librarians in an integrated information environment.

Changes in the health information environment present a major challenge to health sciences librarians. To successfully meet this challenge, librarians must apply the concepts of informal, self-directed, lifelong learning to their own carers. The Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations is creating an integrated information environment in health care organizations. The health sciences librarian brings unique knowledge and skills to this environment. The reference technique, a methodology that closely parallels other problem-solving approaches such as the physician's diagnostic technique, equips librarians with the conceptual skills to develop creative solutions to information management problems. Each health sciences librarian must assume responsibility for extending professional skills and abilities and demonstrating them in the workplace.

Curriculum↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Recommendations for responsible monitoring and regulation of clinical software systems. American Medical Informatics Association, Computer-based Patient Record Institute, Medical Library Association, Association of Academic Health Science Libraries, American Health Information Management Association, American Nurses Association.

In mid-1996, the FDA called for discussions on regulation of clinical software programs as medical devices. In response, a consortium of organizations dedicated to improving health care through information technology has developed recommendations for the responsible regulation and monitoring of clinical software systems by users, vendors, and regulatory agencies. Organizations assisting in development of recommendations, or endorsing the consortium position include the American Medical Informatics Association, the Computer-based Patient Record Institute, the Medical Library Association, the Association of Academic Health Sciences Libraries, the American Health Information Management Association, the American Nurses Association, the Center for Healthcare Information Management, and the American College of Physicians. The consortium proposes four categories of clinical system risks and four classes of measured monitoring and regulatory actions that can be applied strategically based on the level of risk in a given setting. The consortium recommends local oversight of clinical software systems, and adoption by healthcare information system developers of a code of good business practices. Budgetary and other constraints limit the type and number of systems that the FDA can regulate effectively. FDA regulation should exempt most clinical software systems and focus on those systems posing highest clinical risk, with limited opportunities for competent human intervention.

Clinical Medicine↗
PubMed2006

Translating genetics, cognitive science, and other basic science research findings into applications for prevention.

A growing body of research across genetics, cognitive science, and other basic science suggests the complexity and interconnectedness of multiple factors contributing to individual variation in susceptibility to engage in risk behaviors. Advances in these disciplines may direct new research directions and the development and evaluation of innovative intervention components for prevention that consider novel but central susceptibility factors. This article highlights findings from three interrelated areas of basic science research--genetics, neuroscience, and cognitive science--that together continue to inform prevention science. A primary objective of this article is to suggest how this research might guide primary prevention interventions. Translating findings from these disciplines can help to facilitate testable hypotheses for prevention science and explain potential limitations of current intervention approaches.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

Master of science program in health information management at Heidelberg/Heilbronn: a health care oriented approach to medical informatics.

In the year 2000 the University of Heidelberg and the University of Applied Sciences Heilbronn established a second educational program in medical informatics, leading to a Master of Science (MSc) degree. In addition to their 4.5 year medical informatics program as an informatics-based approach to medical informatics, a postgraduate program in 'health information management' (Informationsmanagement in der Medizin) was set up as a complementary health care oriented approach to this field. The aim of the MSc program is to qualify physicians and other health care professionals to work as medical informaticians, particularly in the area of health information management. We admit 15 new students into the program each year. The intended program length is 15 months, comprising two study semesters (14 weeks per semester) and three months for the Master's thesis. The graduates are awarded the title 'Master of Science' by the Medical Faculty of the University of Heidelberg. The program is part of the International Partnership in Health Informatics Education of the Universities of Amsterdam, Heidelberg/Heilbronn, Minnesota and Utah. We report on this new program and on our experience with our very first students. The curriculum is compared with the related MSc programs.

Curriculum↗
PubMed1996

Consumer health information partnerships: the health science library and multitype library system.

The University of Illinois Library of the Health Sciences at Rockford (LHS-Rockford) long has honored a commitment to serving the health information needs of the greater Rockford community. Utilization data collected over the past five years indicate that approximately 50% of reference transactions involve persons not affiliated with the university. In early 1994, LHS-Rockford submitted a proposal to the Northern Illinois Library System (NILS), a multitype system spanning twelve counties in northwestern Illinois, asking to serve as a resource library for improving medical and health information services provided by the 138 NILS member libraries. The NILS funded this pilot project as part of an effort to implement a new strategic plan, which encouraged member libraries to form networks to provide reference back-up service. LHS-Rockford acquired InfoTrac's Health Reference Center, a consumer health information database, and set up a dedicated workstation near the information and circulation desk. Referral guidelines were established and the project was promoted among NILS member libraries. Activities were documented in order to track project success in terms of referrals and outcomes. The demonstration project was very successful, and it proves public consumers seeking health information can benefit greatly from this type of cooperative arrangement.

CD-ROM↗
PubMed1987

Beyond the online catalog: developing an academic information system in the sciences.

The online public access catalog consists essentially of a machine-readable database with network capabilities. Like other computer-based information systems, it may be continuously enhanced by the addition of new capabilities and databases. It may also become a gateway to other information networks. This paper reports the evolution of the Bibliographic Access and Control System (BACS) of Washington University in end-user searching, current awareness services, information management, and administrative functions. Ongoing research and development and the future of the online catalog are also discussed.

Catalogs, Library↗
PubMed2005

Natural language processing in the molecular imaging domain.

Molecular imaging represents the intersection between imaging and genomic sciences. There has been a surge in research literature and information in both sciences. Information contained within molecular imaging literature could be used to 1) link to genomic and imaging information resources and 2) to organize and index images. This research focuses on the adaptation, evaluation, and application of BioMedLEE, a natural language processing system (NLP), in the automated extraction of information from molecular imaging abstracts.

Cell Line↗
PubMed2005

Teaching evidence-based medicine: should we be teaching information management instead?

To encourage high-quality patient care guided by the best evidence, many medical schools and residencies are teaching techniques for critically evaluating the medical literature. While a large step forward, these skills of evidence-based medicine are necessary but not sufficient for the practice of contemporary medicine. Incorporating the best evidence into the real world of busy clinical practice requires the applied science of information management. Clinicians must learn the techniques and skills to focus on finding, evaluating, and using information at the point of care. This information must be both relevant to themselves and their patients as well as being valid. The authors discuss the need to teach the applied science of information management along with, or perhaps even instead of, teaching the basic science of evidence-based medicine. All students, residents, and practicing physicians need three skills to practice the best medicine: the ability to select foraging--"keeping up"--tools that filter information for relevance and validity, the skill to select and use a hunting--"just in time"--information tool that presents prefiltered information easily and in a quickly accessible form at the point of care, and the ability to make decisions by combining the best patient-oriented evidence with patient-centered care, placing the evidence in perspective with the needs and desires of the patient. This teaching of information management skills will prepare students and residents for a practice of medicine that requires lifelong learning.

Competency-Based Education↗
PubMed1997

Moving toward a core curriculum in Schools of the Allied Health Professions: knowledge and skills considered important by department chairs in four disciplines.

An adaptation of the Delphi method was used in four parallel studies to survey chairs of baccalaureate programs in clinical laboratory sciences, health information management, occupational therapy, and physical therapy in schools of the allied health professions which held membership in the Association of Schools of the Allied Health Professions. The purpose was to assist the chairs in coming to consensus regarding requisite knowledge and skills of graduates beyond those required for professional accreditation and credentialing, and prerequisite or cognate courses that may be utilized to develop them. Three rounds of questionnaires were administered to each group. The final round was completed by 45 chairs in clinical laboratory sciences (83% of the population); 18 in health information management (86%); 18 in occupational therapy (56%); and 24 in physical therapy (67%). Statistical analysis of third round responses via one-sample, one-sided Z tests indicated consensus among the chairs in the four disciplines on 16 items of knowledge and skills as most important for graduates. Similar consensus was not evident, however, regarding courses to develop the knowledge and skills, with only two courses considered most important by all four groups of chairs.

Allied Health Personnel↗
PubMed2002

[Information provision for the biomedical sciences in the Netherlands remains safe guarded].

In view of the rapid development of electronic journals covering the biomedical sciences, the Netherlands Institute for Scientific Information Services has decided to review its document delivery services. The Institute will cancel all of its journal subscriptions at the end of 2002. This will not affect services provided to users of the library. Requests for documents from the collection will continue to be honoured. Cooperation with other European libraries, in particular with the German Central Library of Medicine in Cologne, will ensure continued access to a broad collection of journals. However, users will need to ensure that they prepare themselves for the world of digital journals. Document delivery is seen as a substitute for fully-fledged digital access.

Computers↗
PubMed2002

Carrying capacity as "Informed Judgment": the values of science and the science of values.

Contemporary park and wilderness carrying capacity frameworks rely on formulation of standards of quality, which are defined as minimum acceptable resource and social conditions. Formulation of standards of quality involves elements of both science and values, and both of these elements must be integrated into informed judgments on the part of park and wilderness managers. That is, managers must ultimately make value-based judgments about the maximum acceptable level of visitor-caused impacts to the resource base and the quality of the visitor experience. However, such judgments should be as informed as possible by scientific data on the relationships between visitor use and resulting impacts and the degree to which park and wilderness visitors and other interest groups judge such impacts to be acceptable. Such information represents the "values of science" to managing carrying capacity in parks and wilderness. A growing body of literature has begun to address the corresponding "science of values," and how this type of information might be integrated in park and wilderness management. Visitor-based research has employed normative theory and techniques to explore the acceptability of a range of resource and social impacts related to visitor use, and findings from these studies are being integrated into a body of knowledge and applied in management decision-making. Conceptual and methodological extensions of the normative approach are currently being explored in a variety of park and wilderness contexts, and new theoretical and empirical approaches are being adapted to address trade-offs inherent in carrying capacity. In these ways, the science of values is progressing to meet the opportunities and challenges of the values of science to park and wilderness management. The concept of carrying capacity, along with the theoretical and methodological approaches described in this paper, can be extended to a large number of natural resource and environmental issues.

Conservation of Natural Resources↗