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At least 541 records · Page 30Linked to original sources
PubMed2000

[An autopsy case of pulmonary mucormycosis with fatal hemoptysis from a rupture of the thoracic descending aorta during remission from acute myelocytic leukemia].

A 16-year-old girl was hospitalized because of anemia and thrombocytopenia in April 1998, and was diagnosed as having AML (FAB:M2). After failure of initial remission induction therapy, she was successfully treated with the MEC regimen as a second-line chemotherapy. On June 22, the first consolidation therapy was started. One week later, the patient developed a high fever with backache. Chest computed tomography (CT) on July 8 showed a 3cm mass lesion adjacent to the thoracic descending aorta in the left upper lobe. She was given fluconazole and antibiotics, and remained in remission. On July 24, the mass lesion changed to a cavitary lesion on chest CT, suggesting a fungal infection, probably aspergillosis. With recovery from neutropenia, the patient became asymptomatic, and fluconazole was changed to itraconazole. On July 27, she suffered sudden, massive hemoptysis and died. Autopsy revealed a localized adhesion between the cavitary lesion and the thoracic descending aorta, and the aortic wall was ruptured at this site. Microscopic examination revealed invasion of mucormycotic hyphae into the wall of the aorta with infiltration of inflammatory cells. The vasa vasorum were occluded by thrombi, in which mucormycotic hyphae were detected.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

[A case of Mycobacterium intracellulare lung disease occurred in a middle-aged man who complained hemoptysis with normal chest roentogenogram].

A 45-year-old man visited our clinic because of intermittent bloody sputum. The chest roentogenogram was normal, but the high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) showed very small nodules and bronchiolitis adjacent to pleura in the upper right lung field. The bronchoscopic examination revealed blood-streaked bronchial secretion in the right upper lobe bronchus, and the cultures of the sputa and the bronchial washing specimen showed acid-fast bacilli identified as Mycobacterium intracellulare by DNA-DNA hybridization (DDH) method. This case was diagnosed as Mycobacterium intracellulare lung disease. The patient received isoniazid, levofloxacin, and clarithromycin for three years without clinical and bacteriological improvement. His hemoptysis and the number of colonies recovered from sputum cultures decreased without any medication later. The serial chest roentogenograms and HRCTs have showed no changes for 6 years after the diagnosis. This case may show some clues to elucidate the mechanism of the onset of Mycobacterium intracellulare lung disease without predisposing conditions.

Hemoptysis↗
PubMed1975

[A case of parieto-pulmonary acquired shunt presenting with hemoptysis (author's transl)].

The authors report the case of a 52 year old man with arteriovenous shunt developing from the 7th left intercostal artery, revealed by hemoptysis and proved by intercostal selective arteriography. The patient had a past history of serofibrinous pleurity 29 years previously and had undergone paracentesis at this level. The origin of this shunt is then discussed.

Angiography↗
PubMed2001

Just another hemoptysis or a fluke?

Hemopytsis is commonly encountered in the daily practice of the pulmonary physician. Younger patients with normal chest x-rays frequently have acute or chronic bronchial disease accounting for their complaint. Occasionally parasitic disease is described as an unusual cause for a patient presenting with hemoptysis. Although pulmonary paragonimiasis is unusual in this country, because of the rapid growth in travel as well as immigration, physicians will need to be aware of this disorder.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Role of bronchoscopy in massive hemoptysis.

Airway hemorrhage is a potentially rapidly fatal condition. Death may occur within minutes from asphyxiation before control can be achieved. The primary prognostic factors are the rate of bleeding and the underlying cardiopulmonary status of the patient. Bronchoscopy is central in management, but the goals differ, depending on circumstances. In stable patients who have minimal hemoptysis, bronchoscopy can diagnose the cause specifically and be used as the primary treatment modality. In the setting of massive or life-threatening bleeding, bronchoscopy primarily is performed to maintain ventilation and to direct endobronchial blockade. Although flexible bronchoscopy is an acceptable mode initially, there should be no delay in performing rigid bronchoscopy when it becomes apparent that bleeding is too vigorous to permit [figure: see text] successful airway exploration with the smaller flexible instrument. Once isolation of bleeding has been achieved, the choice must be made between embolization, surgical resection, or both of these procedures.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2001

[Hemoptysis in a patient with post-obstructive pneumonia due to a broncholith].

A case of a 51-year-old man admitted to the hospital for hemoptysis after a three-week history of fever and cough is presented. The chest x-ray film revealed consolidation in the left upper lobe. Because microbiologic studies of the bronchial lavage showed the grew of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, the patient was treated with piperacilline and pefloxacin. Haemoptysis and abnormal temperature was persistent for several days. Revaluation of the chest x-ray permitted to discover a little calcified nodule of 1 mm diameter. CT scan of the thorax confirmed the consolidation of the left upper lobe and the little calcification. A second fiberoptic bronchoscopy was performed in 10th day, using a bronchoscope with a smaller diameter; it was possible to observe the occlusion of the subsegment bronchus LB 1&2 due to a mobile protruding mass. The mass was gentle removed by the use of alligator bioptic forceps; it presented as a grey, hard, 2 mm diameter body with irregular surface like a "floating mine". On microscopical examination of the mass, aspergillus hyphae appeared as broad septate filaments. Culture of the samples were negative. Haemoptysis and fever stopped after FOB. Chest x-ray in 19th day was negative: consolidation and calcification were absent.

Aspergillosis↗
PubMed2001

[Pulmonary granulomatous lesion with severe chest pain and hemoptysis: a case report].

We encountered a rare case of pulmonary granulomatous lesion accompanied with severe chest pain and hemoptysis. A 42-year-old man visited our hospital complaining of hemosputum. A chest radiograph showed a nodular shadow in the left lower lung field. Further examinations including fiberoptic bronchoscopy, bronchoalveolar lavage and transbronchial lung biopsy did not suggest a diagnosis. During the course of his illness, he suffered an episode of severe chest pain which could be controlled only by intravenous morphine chloride (10 mg). The chest radiograph at the time showed a broad infiltration in the left lower lung field. However, the lung perfusion scintigram taken 2 days before demonstrated decreased blood flow in the same field. We waited for the infiltration in the chest radiograph to diminish and then performed partial resection of the left lower lobe, thus terminating both hemosputum and chest pain. Histological examination showed a cavitary lesion in the periphery of the lung, surrounded by large numbers of infiltrating plasma cells and lymphocytes, among which were many hemosiderinladen macrophages. A small amount of mycelium, considered to be Nocardia or fungus, was seen in the cavity wall. These findings may indicate that an infection had contributed to the formation of a hemorrhagic granulomatous lesion, and that this lesion caused chest pain mainly because of the pleuritis and the decrease in the local pulmonary circulation.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

[Frequency and causes of hemoptysis and role of bronchoscopy in patients with normal chest roentgenogram hospitalized in the Department of Physiopneumonology Silesian Medical University in the years 1961-1996].

Among 3498 patients with hemoptysis 513 had normal chest x-ray picture. Bronchoscopy performed in all these patients allowed to recognise malignant neoplasms of the lungs, trachea and pharynx in 109 patients. In 222 patients--nonspecific bronchitis and in 46--tuberculosis were recognised. In 86 patients diagnosis was not established.

Bronchitis↗
PubMed1976

[Severe asphyxiant hemoptysis. Bronchoscopy under extracorporeal circulation].

The authors report a case of bronchoscopy made necessary by severe hemoptysis in a young man with very severe respiratory distress. Bronchoscopy was carried out under excellent conditions thanks to respiratory assistance supplied by partial femoro-femoral extra-corporeal circulation. The interest and limits of this method are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

An unusual cause of hemoptysis: ventriculopulmonary fistula.

A 55-year-old man presented with massive hemoptysis following coronary artery bypass grafting and repair of a left ventricular aneurysm. Radiological and bronchoscopic examinations revealed no bronchial cause. The findings of computed tomography (CT) of the chest and echocardiography showed a pseudoaneurysm of the left ventricle. Surgical exploration confirmed that the pseudoaneurysm communicated with the lung parenchyma.

Cardiac Surgical Procedures↗
PubMed1992

[Aortopulmonary fistula formation after operation of aortic isthmus stenosis as a rare cause of recurrent hemoptysis].

An aneurysm of the aorta with aortobronchial fistula formation was seen in a 33 year old patient as a rare cause of recurring hemoptysis. 18 years previously he had undergone surgery of coarctation of the aorta. By means of different imaging methods the diagnosis was established in time and the aneurysm resected, so that the patient survived this mostly fatal incident.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Mycotic aneurysm of the descending aorta with hemoptysis.

Mycotic aneurysm of the descending aorta is usually described as rare. We present two recent cases of mycotic aneurysm of the descending aorta complicated with hemoptysis. Urgent tube graft replacements were successfully performed under cardiopulmonary bypass support. Bacterial causes of the aneurysms were methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in the first case and Staphylococcus aureus in the second case. Although the first patient died fifteenth months after surgery, the second patient remains well fourteenth months after the operation.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A rare cause of exertional dyspnoea and hemoptysis in a 30-year-old female.

A young female patient of 30 years of age previously asymptomatic presented with complaints of exertional dyspnoea and hemoptysis with a normal chest roentgenogram. She was eventually diagnosed to have lymphangioleiomyomatosis, a rare pulmonary disorder. In this patient it occurred without any history of current pregnancy or estrogen consumption, as a sporadic entity.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

[Massive hemoptysis: experience of a surgical unit].

Massive hemoptysis is a clinical entity characterized by its unpredictable and potential lethal course. We studied retrospectively the observations of 25 patients hospitalized in our surgical unit. We collected all the demographic, clinical and surgical data. A male predominance with a sex-ratio of 2,1 was noted. The average age was 45 years, with extremes of 17 and 75. The dominant cause was bronchiectasis. Twenty patients were operated on. The surgery consisted of a pulmonary resection in 9 cases (45%), an atypical lung resection in 4 cases (20%), a resection of an aspergilloma in 2 cases (10%), a kystectomy of hydatic cyst in 4 cases (20%) and one arterial ligature (5%). Five patients (25%) had emergent surgery, and 15 (75%) delayed surgery. Hospital mortality was 20% in the first group and 6.66% in the second. No recurrence of bleeding was observed after an average follow-up of 7 months. Surgery remains a therapy of choice for massive hemopysis. It must as far as possible be avoided during active bleeding.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Treatment of hemoptysis by bronchial artery embolization].

Major hemoptysis carries with it significant mortality, particularly if major surgery has to be performed during active bleeding. Some patients may not be surgical candidates due to chronic disability or may have diseases that, except for the bleeding, would not require surgical intervention. Bronchial artery embolization is becoming recognized as carrying a lower risk than surgery. It allows immediate hemostasis and long-term control of bleeding in a high proportion of cases.

Bronchial Arteries↗
PubMed1991

[A case of surgically treated tuberculous aneurysm of descending thoracic aorta with massive hemoptysis].

A tuberculous aneurysm of the thoracic descending aorta was found in a 60-year-old female with massive hemoptysis. She had had lung tuberculosis one and half years ago. Computed tomography and aortic angiography revealed saccular type aneurysm at left supradiaphragmatic portion of descending aorta. After antituberculous chemotherapy, the aneurysm was resected under the temporary bypass support utilizing Bio-pump and the aorta was grafted with Dacron prosthesis successfully. The microscopic findings of specimens over the aneurysm and surrounding tissues revealed tuberculosis. The patient is doing well one year after the operation.

Aorta, Thoracic↗