Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “FLEAS”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 541 records · Page 30Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Some features of the ecology of fleas inhabiting the nests of the suslik (Citellus citellus (L.)). I: Population dynamics, sex ratio, feeding, reproduction.

While studying the suslik fleas in artificial nests planted in free nature, significant changes in the population dynamics of N. setosa, C. simplex and C. orientalis (from the spring build up to the autumnal peak and the decrease of flea number until the next spring) were noted. The predominance of females in the spring period was recorded in N. setosa. Significant seasonal changes in the number of engorged females of N. setosa and C. simplex and of C. orientalis males (the increase of engorged specimens in the spring and summer) were demonstrated. A significant predominance of females with mature eggs in the spring and summer and their negligible number in the autumn were found in N. setosa and C. simplex.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

[Flea detection (Siphonaptera) in dogs at the intake area of the Magdeburg polyclinic for small house and zoo animals].

Two random investigations carried out in 1981/1982 established 203 fleas of 5 species in a sex incidence of 1:2.4 (60 males/143 females) on 48 dogs: Ctenocephalides felis occurred most frequently in an extent of infestation of 13 (1981) and 9 (1982) in 24 dogs with a population density of 1.1 to 1.9 specimens/animals, followed by C. canis with 8 (1981) and 11 (1982) from 24 dogs in a greater density of 2.3 to 5 per host. In this C. felis occurs more frequently in "town dogs": 15 identifications from Magdeburg and 3 from the county towns of Quedlinburg, Schönebeck and Burg as opposed to only 2 from country communities. Pulex irritans in an extent of infestation of 5 out of 24 dogs in 1982 reached a density of 5 per animal. The results confirm the fact that the range of species of fleas on dogs depends or the keeping conditions and the specific breed activity of the hosts.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

[Fleas (Siphonaptera) in the human environment. Analytic findings between 1961-1983 in the district of Leipzig (East Germany). II. Spacial and temporal distribution].

During the last 20 years there has been very little infestation with fleas in the district of Leipzig. Out of the 8 species only Pulex irritans and Ctenocephalides felis are of hygienic concern. Greater numbers of them were found in densely populated urban districts. Origins of infestation were mainly dogs and cats kept in unhygienic conditions, and retreats of feral cats. There have been changes in the dominance of fleas associated with man. P. irritans probably had been the dominant species for centuries. About the turn of the 19th century Ctenocephalides canis attained codominance. Since the 1960s C. felis has been dominating.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Characteristics of the multiplication of a virulent strain of the plague microbe in Xenopsylla cheopis fleas infected parenterally].

Xenopsylla cheopis fleas infected parenterally with the virulent strain of plague microbe of gerbil variant preserved the agent to the end of their lives. In the body cavity the microbes retained their ability for reproduction which was, however, limited. During the first seven days after the infection the number of microbes slightly increased and later became stabilized. Its mean indices (mean g) varied within the limits of 500 to 2000 microbe cells per 1 individual, maximum index rarely exceeded 30 000 microbe cells. Parenteral infection with plague agent did not affect essentially the longevity of fleas.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Effect of nematoda Aphanitylenchus sp. on the reproductive capacity of fleas Ceratophyllus consimilis].

The paper presents results of experimental studies of the effect of Allantonematidae on the reproduction of fleas. It has been established that the pairing of non-infected females with males infected with nematodes reduces the fecundity rate while the pairing of non-infected males with females infected with nematodes causes a complete stopping of reproduction of laboratory population. The conclusion was drawn on the role of allantonematides in the regulation of abundance of fleas of rodents in nature.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Fleas of small mammals in northern Amur Province and their distribution by biotopes (Aphaniptera)].

In June-September of 1975 on the southern slope of the Stanovoy ridge, in the region of construction of the Baikal-Amur main line 2014 small mammals of 14 species were examined, on which 1499 fleas of 13 species were collected. Most species of fleas are widely distributed throughout the territory. Ceratophyllus penicilliger, C. advenarius, Catallagia dacencoi, C. ioffi are mass species, Ceratophyllus calcarifer, C. indages, Leptopsylla ostsibirica, Doratopsylla birulai, Rhadinopsylla pseudodahurica are common species. Ceratophyllus taiganus, Amphipsylla marikovskii, Neopsylla acanthina and Tarsopsylla octodecimdentata are rather rare.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Changes in the numbers of the causative agent of intestinal yersiniasis (Yersinia enterocolitica) in Xenopsylla cheopis (Aphaniptera) fleas in the process of blood digestion].

In infected fleas the agent of intestinal yersiniosis underwents a complex cycle of quantitative changes after each feeding. A species belonging of blood consumed greatly affected the dynamics of the agent abundance. The general peculiarity of the development of microbes in insects, which fed on various animals (white mice, Sirian hamsters, white rats and guinea pigs), is characterized by the decrease in the abundance of the agent during the first hours after feeding. This was followed by an active multiplication of microbes replaced by a new fall after which the abundance maintained on the level close to the initial one. A comparison of obtained results with the data on the digestion in fleas has shown that the phases of the primary dying off and depression of the agent falls within the intensive-decay of the food clot. The active multiplication proceeds at the end of digestion that may be promoted by the decrease in the fermentative activity and abundance of products of blood decay easily assimilated by microbes. The next fall in the agent's abundance and the absence of multiplication are associated with the exhaustion of the nutrient medium in the process of absorbtion and vital activity of microbes.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Facultative imaginal diapause in Xenopsylla conformis (Siphonaptera) fleas].

The factors favouring the cessation of reproduction in X. conformis are laid in the preimaginal state. The drop in temperature during the formation of imago at the pupal stage is a signal for the cessation of reproduction. Imagos hatched at a temperature lower than that of developmental conditions of preimaginal stages do not start reproduction and enter facultative imaginal diapause state. With further decrease in temperature the state of fleas intensifies. With the rise of temperature fleas come out of diapause. In autumn coming out of diapause begins at a temperature higher than 20 degrees, on the 8th--9th day. The lower air temperature the more rapid is coming out of diapause, at a rise of temperature of 3 to 5 degrees.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Fleas of the Lake Evoron vole (Siphonaptera)].

In Lower Priamurje in summer of 1977-1979 Microtus evoronensis was parasitized mainly by fleas of Ceratophyllus calcarifer. Other seven species of fleas recorded from this animal are very rare. They are connected, in general, with other small mammals and birds.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Spatial distribution of fleas (Siphonaptera) in the burrows of the greater gerbil in the south central Kara-Kum].

It has been established that only a negligible part of fleas occurs on animals while the main habitats where the greater part of micropopulation is concentrated from April to September are mouth, passages and food chambers situated at a depth up to 60 cm. In March, October, November and December fleas are restricted to the passages of burrows at a depth over 100 cm.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Method of disinfecting plague-infected fleas in preparation for electron microscopic study].

During fixation of fleas infected with plague agent (with preliminary cut heads, limbs and posterior part of the abdomen) in 2.5% glutaric dialdehyde or 2% osmium tetroxide their disinfection was obtained in two days. After double fixation with 2-hour exposure in each of these fixators disinfection of the material was acheived only after additional 2-day maintenance in 70% ethyl alcohol. Fleas, which had been placed into fixators or in 70% ethyl alcohol after double fixation without preliminary dissection, were disinfected completely only in 10 days.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[Exceptional resistance of Malagasy plague-transmitting fleas to insecticides].

Two plague transmitting malagasy fleas S. fonquerniei and X. cheopis, caugh in the cities of Tananarive, Antsirabe-Betafo and Ampefy were tested in conformity with WHO standards. These two fleas were resistant to DDT, dieldrin and malathion, Moreover, X. cheopis from the cities of Tananarive and Antsirabe-Betafo were resistant fenitrothion and propoxur. It seems to be first description of simultaneous resistance to organochlorinated, organophosphorylated and carbamylated products. The authors discuss the causes of this exceptional phenomenon, and make some suggestions in order to obtain a better knowledge and understanding of this phenomenon.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

[Increased invasiveness as one of the manifestations of phenotype variability of the plague microbe in fleas].

Experimental studies conducted on genetically connected virulent subcultures of Y. pestis showed that the death of albino mice infected by flea bite occurred earlier than in the animals infected by a syringe subcutaneously. A high invasiveness of Y. pestis subcultures isolated from fleas (in comparison with the initial strains and subcultures from the animals) persisted for 2--3 passages in their cultivation on artificial nutrient media.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Determination of the physiological age of female fleas by using a luminescence microscopy method].

On the basis of studies of age changes in the ovaries of Ct. orientalis, Ct. teres, C. laeviceps and X. conformis by means of luminescent microscopy a scale was plotted for identification of physiological age of females of fleas. Depending on the presence or absence of yellow bodies and on the stage of development of oocytes in the ovary the fleas are arranged into two main groups: breeding and non-breeding females. According to the total combination of characters, size and colour of yellow bodies, presence and character of luminescence in the germarium and adjoining areas of vitellarium, the presence of "starvation bodies", "degeneration bodies" and resorpting oocytes, the state of seminal receptable, each group is divided into subgroups that enables us to make a detail description of age composition of the population under study.

Aging↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Characteristics of microbial multiplication in parenterally infected Xenopsylla cheopis (Siphonaptera) fleas].

Being inoculated parenterally various microbes cause the fleas X. cheopis a stable infection which, as a rule, is preserved in experimental insects to the end of life. Reproducing intensively Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella typhimurium caused the death of all ectoparasites in 3 to 5 days. The increase in abundance of Escherichia coli, Yersinia pseudotuberculosis, Y. enterocolitica and vaccine strains of Y. pestis "EV" and Francisella tularensis went on gradually and infected fleas lived up to 15--20 and more days.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Electron microscopic study of the malpighian tubules in fleas (Siphonaptera)].

A study was carried out of ultrastructure of malpighian tubules of 4 species of fleas as follows: Xenopsylla cheopis, Ceratophyllus fasciatus, Leptopsylla segnis, Ctenophthalmus orientalis. All cells of malpighian tubules are of polar structure: their apical department is represented with microvilli while basal one--with a system of membrane invaginations forming the basal labyrinth. The most developed system of basal invaginations is observed in distal cells of the malpighian tubules. Microvilli of the apical surface of the cells do not contain mitochondria, the latter are localized mainly in supranuclear and basal parts of the cell. In cells and cavity of the central and proximal parts of the malpighian tubules there are sphere crystals. Malpighian tubules of fleas have no distinct morphological departments though ultrastructure of the cells in different parts of the tubules is not identical.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Fleas of eastern Mongolia with a description of male and female Echidnophaga tiscadaea Smit, 1967 (Siphonaptera)].

23 species and subspecies of fleas were collected from 16 species of rodents, two species of double-toothed rodents and from burrows of great gerbil in Mongolia. The distribution of fleas on animals and throughout the territory is shown. The description of male and additional description of female of Echidnophaga tiscadaea with figures are given. Figures of male and female of E. oschanini are given for comparison. E. tiscadaea is suggested to be a parasite of jerboa.

Animals↗