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At least 541 records · Page 30Linked to original sources
PubMed2002

Nonpreserved human amniotic membrane transplantation in acute and chronic chemical eye injuries.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of nonpreserved amniotic membrane transplantation (AMT) with or without limbal autograft transplantation (LAT) in management of acute and chronic chemical eye injuries. METHODS: Amniotic membrane transplantation or AMT + LAT was performed on nine eyes of seven consecutive patients, five eyes with acute chemical burn and four eyes with limbal stem cell deficiency secondary to previous chemical burn. Nonpreserved amniotic membrane was used in all procedures. RESULTS: Five patients (71.5%) were men and two (28.5%) were women. The average age at the time of surgery was 32.7 +/- 10.9 years (range, 20-45). Mean follow-up after last surgery was 8.9 +/- 3.2 months (range, 6-14). The average epithelial healing time was 24.6 +/- 17.3 days (range, 3-45). At the end of the follow-up period, visual acuity improved in all eyes, inflammation subsided, and the subjective complaints decreased remarkably. CONCLUSION: AMT with nonpreserved amniotic membrane promoted epithelial healing, reduced surface inflammation, increased patient comfort, and decreased the extent and severity of vascularization when used in patients with acute chemical burns. When used in limbal stem cell deficiency owing to past chemical burns, AMT alone or in combination with LAT aided in ocular surface reconstruction. Infectious, inflammatory, or toxic/allergic reactions were not encountered in any patient owing to the use of nonpreserved amniotic membrane. Further studies are required to establish the safety and efficacy of preserved and nonpreserved AMT in ocular surface reconstruction.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Pathological conditions of the vitreous body in children after eye injuries].

The material consists of 142 eyes in 138 children aged 2-17 years who sustained contusions and perforating injuries. Pathological changes of the vitreous have been observed in 75 p.c. of cases: haemorrhages, opacities, destructive and fibrous changes and even a total fibrosis of the vitreous with shortening of the anatomical axis of the eye. Vitrectomy was performed in 23 cases with extraction of the foreign body in 11. In eyes with a destruction of the vitreous and with vitreoretinal proliferation a laser photocoagulation of the retina or transscleral cryopexy was performed. It is considered that the prophylactical treatment is indicated in all eyes exhibiting structural changes in the vitreous.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

[A study on cryotherapy of experimental posterior penetrating eye injury].

OBJECTIVE: The study was designed to investigate the effects of cryotherapy on intraocular tissues in ocular penetrating injury, and an experimental study was made on rabbits. METHODS: The penetrating injury models in both eyes of 23 (46 eyes) pigmental rabbits were performed. Cryotherapy was applied after the operation in the left eye but not in the right eye (the control) of each animal. All the pupils of the eyes were dilated and examined by ophthalmoscope and B-scan at different time after the operation. Enucleations were performed at 2 weeks, 6 weeks and 3 months and the enucleated eyeballs were examined pathologically by light and electron microscopy. The synchronous fundus and pathological changes were evaluated and analyzed statistically (Pearson Chi-square test). RESULTS: The intraocular reaction and proliferation in cryotreated group was much more severe than those in the control one (P = 0.027), especially in the vitreous (P = 0.016). The incidence of tractional retinal detachment in cryotreated group was higher than that in the control. CONCLUSION: It is suggested that the prophylactic cryotherapy in the posterior penetrating ocular injury of rabbits increase intraocular proliferation.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Early vitrectomy in the treatment of severe eye injuries].

Several authors regard early vitrectomy as the best guarantee of success in cases of severe ocular injury. The present authors reviewed their own group of 27 patients, which included 13 cases with intraocular foreign bodies, 6 cases of blunt trauma and 8 with perforating injuries. Aside from cases which later developed retinal complications, vitrectomy was performed in 25 patients, though rarely more than a month after injury. The mean duration of postoperative follow-up was 22 months (minimum 6 month, maximum 66 months). The results and the need for silicone oil injection are discussed and compared with the literature. The timing of vitrectomy is of major importance.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

Primary repair and intraocular lens implantation after perforating eye injury.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the clinical outcome after primary treatment of lens injuries with corneal or corneoscleral trauma. METHODS: Ten eyes of 10 patients were retrospectively evaluated. There were no foreign bodies in any eye. After primary repair, an anterior chamber maintainer (ACM) was introduced through the inferotemporal corneal quadrant. Sodium hyaluronate 1.4% (Healon GV(R)) was injected, and the anterior capsule was stained with trypan blue 0.1% vital stain (Vision Blue) under the viscoelastic substance. After a capsulorhexis was created, the lens material was aspirated. The nucleus was delivered from the scleral tunnel, which was opened from the superior/superotemporal corneal quadrant. A conventional 21.0 diopter poly(methyl methacrylate) intraocular lens (IOL) with a 5.5 mm optic and overall diameter of 12.5 mm (Dr. Schmidth(R), Hannan Kibbutz) was implanted through the scleral tunnel. The scleral tunnel was not sutured, and the corneal entry sites were closed with stromal hydration. RESULTS: The final best spectacle-corrected visual acuity (BSCVA) was better than 20/100 in all patients, and 6 patients had a BSCVA of 20/20. The IOL was in the capsular bag in all patients at the last follow-up. The mean follow-up was 12.3 months (range 7 to 25 months). The main visually limiting factors were corneal scar, irregular astigmatism, and traumatic maculopathy. CONCLUSIONS: Primary IOL implantation in carefully selected patients with penetrating corneoscleral lens injury may yield visually rewarding results. The use of a vital stain to increase the visibility of the injured anterior capsule and of a closed scleral tunnel system with an ACM increased the surgical safety.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

[Catalog of direct eye muscle injuries].

Eye muscle injuries may occur in isolation or concomitantly with orbital fractures. Depending on their mechanical cause they may be encountered in the form of contusions, overextensions or injuries caused by stabbing or cutting. The authors present case histories from their own patient collective in this order, supplemented by a number of cases described in the literature. Particular attention is paid to the superior oblique, injuries to which are almost without exception trochlear or pretrochlear. The special anatomy of the tendon is a factor that may explain restrictions in motility in upward and downward gaze (dysfunctions). Certain severe cases are described and the principles of reconstructive surgery are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Eye injuries: a prospective survey of 5671 cases.

5671 patients with injuries presenting to a busy eye casualty department were examined prospectively to determine the incidence, aetiology, and severity of the injury. Of these cases 69.9% occurred at work, 18.3% during leisure and domestic activities (excluding recognised sport), 2.3% during sport, and 1.9% were due to assaults; contact lens injury occurred in a further 2.3%, and the cause was unknown in 5.3%. One hundred and two (1.8%) patients required admission to hospital, and of their injuries 13.7% occurred at work, 22.6% during leisure and domestic activities, 42.2% at sport, 18.6% during assault, and 2.9% from an unknown cause. Children under 10 years of age accounted for 4% of the total patients presenting, but for more than 18% of those admitted and 26% of ocular penetrations. 98.3% of all injuries involved periorbital or superficial ocular structures only. The remainder involved intraocular structures. The majority of serious injuries were contusional. There was only one case of intraocular foreign body. This indicates that, while most injuries still occur in the workplace, sport and leisure activities account for the majority of serious injuries. While most injuries do not threaten sight, they do so disproportionately in children.

Accidents, Occupational↗
PubMed1984

[Eye injuries in a large chemical factory].

In an investigation carried out in a large chemical factory it was found that the time lost as a result of eye lesions diminished by 50% between 1971 and 1981. The percentage of foreign employees involved in these accidents (19.5%) was almost the same as the proportion they represent of the total personnel. Accident rates were found to be lowest on Mondays and Wednesdays; peak accident times were in the late morning and early afternoon. Although there has been a considerable improvement in the availability of protective eyewear in recent years, it is still not worn often enough. In 60% of the eye accidents considered here protective goggles should have been worn.

Accidents, Occupational↗
PubMed1998

[Eye injuries caused by air bags].

BACKGROUND: Since the introduction of Airbag several reports about airbag-associated ocular injuries where published. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Here we report about four patients who were seen and treated in the university eye clinic Bern the last two years. RESULTS: The injuries included alkali burns, mechanical erosions and contusion of the globe associated with ruptures of the choroid and retinal detachment. Injuries were strictly unilateral in all cases, two affecting the right eye, two the left eye. Two cases healed without any residual lesions, while the other two showed a persistent reduction of visual acuity. CONCLUSIONS: The airbag is certainly a lifesaving device in modern passenger vehicles. Nevertheless severe eye injuries can be caused by these devices. Further research and development concerning the volume of the inflating gas, the size of the airbag as well as the speed of the vehicle at which the airbag is activated, should be continued.

Accidents, Traffic↗