Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “ENTROPION”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 541 records · Page 30Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Modification of Bick's procedure for treatment of eyelid laxity.

A modification of Bick's procedure is presented that offers a simple, effective treatment of ectropion and entropion secondary to eyelid laxity. A full-thickness lid-shortening procedure performed at the lateral canthus avoids lid notching, with good cosmetic results. The success of the procedure is determined by suture of the tarsus directly to the orbital periosteum. The modification of Bick's procedure improves the outcome of the operation and simplifies its performance.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The management of special problems associated with Stevens-Johnson syndrome and ocular pemphigoid.

Various surgical treatment methods were outlined that are currently used in treatment of the severe chronic contractual changes seen in Stevens-Johnson syndrome and ocular pemphigoid. All methods described are not 100% successful in view of the chronicity of the disease, but have greatly aided in delaying the destructive course of action because of various degrees of cicatricial entropion formation. The potential association of ocular pemphigoid with Phospholine Iodide medications in the treatment of open-angle glaucoma is under investigation.

Cheek↗
PubMed1983

Ocular manifestations of congenital muscular dystrophy (Fukuyama type).

Ocular manifestations in two cases of congenital muscular dystrophy of Fukuyama type were reported. This disease is characterized by early onset of hypotonia, generalized muscle weakness and atrophy, mental retardation, and elevated serum creatine-phosphokinase activity. The symptoms include entropion of lower lids, pathological myopia with astigmatism, optic nerve pallor, and irregular grayish subretinal mottling. Case 1 showed additional features of posterior staphyloma, dragged papillomacular vessels, peripheral grayish-white discoloration of the retina, and rete mirabile as well as abnormal vascular anastomosis.

Astigmatism↗
PubMed1981

The use of autogenous fascia lata to correct lid and orbital deformities.

Autogenous and homologous fascia lata have been used to correct many problems in ophthalmic surgery. This paper has described the use of autogenous fascia late to correct lid retraction secondary to thyroid ophthalmopathy, cicatricial entropion and extruding orbital implants. The surgical procedures have been briefly discussed, as well as the presentation of one clinical example of each procedure the pathologic and immunologic aspects of fascia lata grafts will be reported at a later date.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Botulinum A toxin therapy in ophthalmology: a report of patients with facial dystonias.

An overview is given of the indications, results and complications with the use of botulinum A toxin injection therapy specifically in the treatment of facial dystonias. A total of 79 patients have been treated over a 5-year period. The patients were divided in four groups: essential blepharospasm, hemifacial spasm, apraxia of the opening of the eyes and spastic entropion. On average, the therapeutical effect started the third day after injection. The average duration of the beneficial effect was dependent of the underlying pathology. Local side effects were mild and systemic side effects were not seen. Botulinum A toxin therapy proved to have a reliable and reproducible effect in appropriate dosages, in 90% of the patients.

Blepharospasm↗
PubMed1976

Total lower lid reconstruction: technical details.

The main complications of this type of lower lid reconstruction are lash loss or malposition, entropion of the upper lid, upper lid retraction, undue laxity of the lower lid, and lid margin deformities. These can all be avioded by meticulous attention to surgical details and dressing techniques. I believe that this is the best and simplest method of providing a lid of acceptable function and appearance. The advantages of this type of operation are: (1) The new lower lid is constructed of lid tissue including the tarsus and conjunctiva from the upper lid. (2) The function and appearance of the new lower lid are acceptable with practically no tendency to late retraction. (3) The function and appearance of the upper lid need not be interfered with. (4) No external scars are produced except when a lash transplant is done. This transplant leaves a small, hardly noticeable scar in the lower part of the opposite brow. (5) The technique is relatively simple and well within the realm of any well-trained ophthalmic surgeon. The obvious disadvantages are the surgeon's inability to inspect the eye for two to four months and the inconvenience to the patient of having one eye closed for such a long period of time.

Alopecia↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Precaruncular medial canthopexy.

OBJECTIVES: To describe a new 3-dimensional technique for medial canthal repositioning, precaruncular medial canthopexy (PMC), and to present an outcome study demonstrating its efficacy. METHODS: Data (age, sex, cause, and initial symptoms) were collected prospectively on patients with malposition of the lower eyelid. All patients were photographed before and after surgery in a set protocol. The type and severity of eyelid malposition were documented using the Ectropion Grading Scale (EGS) before and after each procedure. Surgical outcome was evaluated by objective improvement of ectropion grading and subjective resolution of symptoms. RESULTS: Precaruncular medial canthopexy was performed on 30 eyelids of 27 consecutive patients (10 were revisions) for correction of medial eyelid laxity or malposition. Twenty-six patients had ectropion, and 1 had bilateral entropion. The most common cause of eyelid malposition was facial paralysis (n = 21). Ancillary procedures, most commonly lateral transorbital canthopexy (for correction of lateral ectropion), were performed on 60% of the eyelids at the time of PMC. Twenty-eight procedures resulted in complete restoration of the medial canthus to a normal position (EGS grade I). Two patients had minimal residual medial scleral show after surgery (EGS grade II) but experienced symptom relief. There were no wound infections or perioperative complications. CONCLUSIONS: Precaruncular medial canthopexy rapidly and safely restores support in all 3 dimensions without blocking the visual field or damaging the lacrimal system, with minimal morbidity and excellent wound healing. In addition to being a primary technique for correcting medial eyelid malposition, PMC should be routinely considered as an adjunct procedure when correcting lateral eyelid malposition.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Excision of distichiasis eyelashes through a tarsoconjunctival trapdoor.

Previously described surgical techniques for distichiasis correction are likely to have complications of trichiasis, entropion, and eyelid margin distortion. A new technique to remove distichiasis eyelashes through a tarsoconjunctival trapdoor achieves a satisfactory functional and cosmetic result and descreases the likelihood of these complications.

Eyelashes↗
PubMed1978

The blepharocardiac reflex.

The oculocardiac reflex is described as the triad of bradycardia, nausea, and faintness evoked by the stretching of ocular muscles, or by pressure on or within the eyeball. The trigeminal nerve is the afferent limb of this reflex; the efferent limb is the vagus nerve to the heart. This reflex was noted to occur from traction on the levator aponeurosis in five of 36 patients with ptosis, and from traction on the retractors of the lower eyelid in three of 11 patients with entropion. To our knowledge, this is the first documentation of eliciting this reflex by stretching the muscles of the eyelid. Electrocardiogram monitoring for early recognition of these cases, and the availability of an intravenous line with atropine for prompt treatment are strongly recommended. Careful manipulation of the upper and lower eyelid retractors and preoperative atropine therapy may help to reduce the incidence of this reflex.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

The tarsal strip procedure.

We have developed a procedure that is particularly useful for (1) paralytic or senile upper and lower eyelid laxity, (2) lateral canthal tendon laxity or malposition, and (3) iatrogenic phimosis associated with recurrent entropion or ectropion after traditional lid-shortening procedures. Lateral canthal tendon laxity or elongation is the primary problem in the majority of these cases, and eyelid tightening with use of lateral tarsal strips corrects this deformity. The midtarsal portion of the eyelid, which is usually resected in traditional lid-shortening procedures, is seldom elongated, and recurrences of laxity are common secondary to further stretching of lax tendons. The technique involves a lateral canthotomy and transection of the appropriate crus of the lateral canthal tendon. The eyelid is then split into anterior and posterior lamellae, and tarsal strips are fashioned from the posterior lamella. The tarsal strips are sutured to periosteum at the lateral orbital wall, adjusting the height and tension of the lateral canthus. This technique gives a normal appearance to the lateral canthal angle and has yielded good results in 51 cases.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Demographic and predisposing factors in corneal ulceration.

We identified 224 patients hospitalized with corneal ulcerations at the University of Michigan Hospitals, Ann Arbor, between May 1975 and September 1981, and performed a chart review on a random sample of these cases. Bimodality in the patients' age distribution was attributed to nonsurgical ocular trauma in the younger group, and predisposing keratitis, surgical trauma, bullous keratopathy, and entropion in the older group. Bacterial and postherpetic causes accounted for 52 (52%) of the sampled cases. Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus were the major isolates. Important predisposing factors included nonsurgical and surgical trauma, herpetic keratitis, contact lens wear, corticosteroid therapy, and bullous keratopathy. Both age and visual acuity on admission had prognostic implications for improvement in visual acuity after treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Leprosy in a trachomatous population.

In an Egyptian leprosy hospital, 17% of 133 patients had a visual acuity of less than 3/60. Corneal opacity, phthisis bulbi, and cataract accounted for 85% of blindness. Leprosy and trachoma together produce blinding corneal opacity by exposure, leprous keratitis, and trichiasis and entropion. Inturned lids, a late result of conjunctival scarring due to childhood trachoma, were less frequent in patients with lepromatous leprosy than in patients with tuberculoid leprosy; because conjunctival scarring from trachoma depends on cell-mediated immunity, patients with lepromatous leprosy may not have had severe trachomatous scarring develop due to their lifelong abnormality in cellular immunity. In patients with leprosy, even when complicated by trachoma, simple measures to prevent or restore vision include medical treatment of leprosy, surgical correction of lid deformities, sector iridectomy for constricted pupils or central corneal opacities, and cataract extraction.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Ocular manifestations of leprosy in a noninstitutionalized community in the United States.

OBJECTIVE: Our goal was to delineate the epidemiologic and clinical patterns of ocular leprosy in an outpatient setting in the United States. DESIGN: Examinations were performed in 61 consecutive outpatients seen in a Midwestern leprosy clinic. PATIENTS: Forty-three male and 18 female patients were examined. The patients' origins included Southeast Asia (24 patients [39%]), Latin America (23 patients [38%]), India (nine patients [15%]), Europe or North America (two patients [3%]), Africa (two patients [3%]), and the Middle East (one patient [2%]). RESULTS: Thirty-nine percent of patients were classified as having polar lepromatous leprosy; 18%, borderline lepromatous leprosy; 3%, borderline borderline leprosy; 36%, borderline tuberculoid leprosy; 2%, polar tuberculoid leprosy; and 2%, indeterminate leprosy. Ninety-six percent of patients had a best-corrected visual acuity of 20/40 or better. Ocular findings included madarosis (28 patients [46%]), subconjunctival fibrosis (18 patients [30%]), punctate epithelial keratopathy (17 patients [28%]), posterior subcapsular cataract (10 patients [16%]), corneal hypesthesia (10 patients [16%]), lagophthalmos (seven patients [11%]), corneal pannus (six patients [10%]), entropion (five patients [8%]), prominent or beaded corneal nerves (four patients [7%]), iridocyclitis (four patients [7%]), focal avascular keratitis (three patients [5%]), scleritis (three patients [5%]), interstitial keratitis (two patients [3%]), iris pearls (two patients [3%]), and ocular clofazimine crystals (two patients [3%]). Madarosis, corneal hypesthesia, and posterior subcapsular cataracts were significantly associated with disease duration (P < .05). CONCLUSION: We report herein a relatively low frequency of visual impairment attributable to leprosy in our series compared with that seen among institutionalized leprous patients. However, since 48% of subjects had one or more sight-threatening complications as a result of their disease, a program of regular ophthalmic follow-up is strongly advocated for all patients with leprosy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Eyelid splitting with excision or microhyfrecation for distichiasis.

Distichiasis is a rare congenital or acquired condition in which an accessory row of eyelashes arises from the posterior lamella of the eyelid margin. Previously described surgical techniques to treat distichiasis can result in complications including trichiasis, loss of normal eyelashes, cicatricial entropion, and eyelid margin deformities. We describe a new technique in which the eyelid margin is split to expose the distichiasis eyelash follicles. Each aberrant eyelash follicle is individually excised or microhyfrecated and then removed. Seventeen eyelids in 5 patients with congenital or acquired distichiasis have been treated. We have achieved excellent functional and cosmetic results using this new technique.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Complications of the transconjunctival approach. A review of 400 cases.

OBJECTIVE: To review the intraoperative and postoperative complications of the transconjunctival approach, as well as their prevention, management, and outcomes. DESIGN: A retrospective study of the complications in 400 patients who underwent the transconjunctival approach to the lower eyelid or orbit for treatment of orbital trauma or the aging face. SETTING: Academic tertiary referral medical center. RESULTS: There were 8 cases of conjunctival granuloma, 2 cases of entropion, and 1 case each of hematoma, ectropion, prolonged chemosis, conjunctival inclusion cyst, lower eyelid laceration, and avulsion with lacrimal system injury. CONCLUSIONS: Complications of the transconjunctival approach are uncommon. When they do occur, proper management results in a successful outcome.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

X-linked mental retardation syndrome: three brothers with the Brooks-Wisniewski-Brown syndrome.

We report on 3 brothers with growth and mental retardation, bifrontal narrowness, short palpebral fissures, deeply set eyes with entropion, wide bulbous nose, small mouth, myopia, and spastic diplegia. The patients were born to normal and non-consanguineous parents. The similarity of our cases with those recently reported by Brooks et al. [Am J Med Genet 51:586-590, 1994] supports their suggestion that these patients are representative of a distinct entity.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1981

An autosomal recessive ectodermal dysplasia syndrome of hypotrichosis, onychodysplasia, hyperkeratosis, kyphoscoliosis, catartact, and other manifestations.

We describe a 20-year-old woman with generalized trichodysplasia, dry skin with scaling, hyperchromic spots on limbs, hyperkeratosis (particularly intense on soles), dermatoglyphic abnormalities, onychodysplasia, shortness of stature, kyphoscoliosis, unusual facial appearance, minor malformations of limbs, bilateral nuclear cataract, narrow palpebral fissures, entropion, trichiasis, etc. The condition is probably due to an autosomal recessive gene. The patient is the only affected member in a sibship of four whose parents are second cousins.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗