Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “ENDARTERITIS”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 541 records · Page 30Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Morphologic alterations in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma after preoperative high dose rate intraluminal brachytherapy.

BACKGROUND: Total esophagectomy specimens from 4 patients given preoperative high dose rate intraluminal brachytherapy (HDRILBT) of 20 Gray (GY) in 2 fractions of 10 Gy each week were reviewed for radiation changes. METHODS: In all patients, preoperative biopsy specimens showed moderate to poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma with minimal to negligible keratin production. The esophagectomy specimens were sampled at the resection margins, the edge of irradiated length, 1 cm from the proximal and distal edge of visible tumor, the center of the tumor, and the lymph nodes. RESULTS: Radiation change in the form of fibrosis was limited to the submucosa at the resection margins, the circular muscle layer at the edge of irradiated length, and full thickness at 1 cm from the edge of the visible tumor and the center of the tumor. Surface epithelium did not show any changes at the resection margins but did show basal cell hyperplasia at the edge of the irradiated length and ulceration at 1 cm from the edge of the visible tumor and the center of the tumor. Endarteritis obliterans was seen only 1 cm from the edge of the visible tumor and the center of the tumor. Necrosis, intense keratin formation, and giant cell reaction were observed at the center of the tumor. When compared with the preradiotherapy biopsies, the amount of keratin in the postradiotherapy specimens was extensive. HDRILBT may cause induction of the keratin gene in the irradiated cells to stimulate differentiation toward better differentiated cells. CONCLUSIONS: HDRILBT may cause the keratin gene in the irradiated cells to induce differentiation toward better differentiated cells. Preoperative high dose rate intraluminal brachytherapy may have a role in improving the prognosis of patients with early esophageal cancer treated with a combination of radiotherapy and surgery.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Femoral artery infection complicating intraaortic balloon pumping.

Infection of the femoral artery (endarteritis) complicating intraaortic balloon pumping has not been reported. Most reports of complications with this pump have not emphasized wound infection. Whether the balloon is inserted by open or percutaneous technique, infection remains a problem. During the past 7 years, 32 of 50 patients (64 percent) who had intraaortic balloon pump insertion survived balloon removal. In four patients, wound infection of the groin developed with involvement of the femoral artery. Sepsis was due to P. aeruginosa in three patients and E. cloacae in one. All patients required variable degrees of resection of the infected femoral artery wall. One had successful arterial reconstruction with vein patch angioplasty alone after debridement of the vessel wall. In a second patient, resection of the common femoral artery with interposition of a saphenous vein that had been reconstructed to enhance its diameter to that of the femoral artery was accomplished. Dehiscence of a vein patch angioplasty occurred in the remaining two patients with resultant hemorrhage. Further resection of the femoral artery was required with femoro-femoral saphenous vein grafting in one patient and iliofemoral vein grafting in another. Tissue coverage of the reconstructed vessel was best accomplished using a tensor fascis lata myocutaneous flap. All patients survived the infection without amputation.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Comatose state maintained during eight years following a vascular ponto-mesencephalic lesion.

A 24-year-old man survived for 8 years after a vascular lesion of the pons and midbrain. During these years a subresponsive comatose state with neurological signs extending from the oculomotor nuclei to the trigeminal and facial nuclei levels was present. A decorticated type of rigidity, with bilateral paralysis of the limbs accompanied by pyramidal signs, was also present. The EEG during the first months showed slow activity which afterwards gradually changed towards fast and alpha activities, maintained in the course of the years. The pathological diagnosis was a fibrous endarteritis, mainly in the territory of the basilar and vertebral arteries. The pons and midbrain, presenting a large cystic infarct, were serially studied to determine the anatomical extent of the lesion. After reviewing other examples from the literature, the clinical features of our case are discussed. The evolution of the EEG is related to different structures of the ponto-mesencephalic region with different functional activities.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Magnetocardiographic patterns in complicated and uncomplicated pregnancies.

Magnetocardiographic (MCG) patterns, produced by the electrical activity of the heart, were investigated in 38 full term pregnant women (17 pre-eclamptic and 21 with uncomplicated pregnancies), by means of a superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID). The most important difference was noted in the waveform amplitudes of the MCG recordings; these were appreciably lower in women with pre-eclampsia compared to those in the normal control series, although in both groups the emitted magnetic fields ranged at approximately the same frequency band. Electrocardiographic (ECG) QRS complexes were represented clearly only in the low MCG waveform amplitudes, and these were related to the presence of widespread obliterative endarteritis in the fetal vasculature of the placentae. The above MCG findings are consistent with an increased contractibility of the myocardium in pregnant women with hypertensive disease secondary to the increased peripheral resistance.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Meningovascular neurosyphilis in human immunodeficiency virus infection as a differential diagnosis of focal CNS lesions: a clinicopathological study.

The acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) appears to alter the course of syphilis and particularly neurosyphilis. We report the case of an HIV-positive patient with two CNS lesions due to vascular complications of neurosyphilis of the meningovascular type, 18 months after he had developed a penile chancre. On admission, CT scans were inconsistent with cerebral toxoplasmosis or CNS lymphoma. At necropsy, histopathological examination showed typical Heubner's endarteritis of the basilar and posterior cerebral arteries. In AIDS patients, superadded meningovascular syphilis must be suspected, especially when CT scanning reveals the presence of multi-focal, low density lesions with the particular characteristics of infarction.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1984

Central nervous system coccidioidomycosis: a clinicopathologic study of treatment with and without amphotericin B.

The clinical and pathologic findings in 32 patients with central nervous system (CNS) coccidioidomycosis were studied. Seventeen patients had received more than 1.5 g of amphotericin B (AMB), chiefly intravenously, during treatment periods of up to eight years. Eight patients had received 246 mg to 1.3 g of AMB, and three patients had received only brief treatment (one to three days; total dose, no more than 100 mg). Fifteen patients had not received AMB. Significant clinical differences between the patients treated with and without AMB were longer survival time following diagnosis of illness (P less than 0.05) and more frequent cranial nerve signs in the treated patients (P = 0.089). The wide spectrum of macroscopic and microscopic lesions in the CNS included meningitis, ventriculitis, hydrocephalus, and cerebritis. Long-standing infections were associated with disseminated discrete foci of gliosis and infarcts in the brain, particularly in the basal ganglia and deep white matter, related to endarteritis obliterans in basilar meninges. In contrast to patients with CNS and systemic mycoses treated with amphotericin B methyl ester (J Infect Dis 146:125, 1982), no diffuse lesions of white matter were found in patients treated with or without AMB. Histopathologic patterns observed in this study included leptomeningitis alone, leptomeningitis with cerebritis, leptomeningitis with cerebritis and infarcts, and the unusual pattern of disseminated miliary granulomas. The frequency and extent of CNS lesions in the groups treated with and without AMB were not significantly different. It is concluded that AMB therapy, while prolonging survival, does not alter the spectrum of pathologic findings in CNS coccidioidomycosis infection.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Livedo reticularis and cerebrovascular accidents.

Livedo reticularis is a clinical pattern of cutaneous vascular involvement that can be seen in association with many diseases. The association of livedo reticularis and cerebrovascular accidents has been reported rarely in the past. We report on a 52-year-old woman with marked generalized livedo reticularis and cerebrovascular accidents who exhibited endarteritis obliterans without other pathologic changes on histologic examination of the skin. This constellation of findings suggest a primary vasculopathy with rather extensive involvement which merits our attention and further study.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Sneddon's syndrome. A case report.

This report reviews the case of a young woman who has livedo reticularis and cerebrovascular disease. A skin biopsy specimen taken from normal skin showed endarteritis obliterans. This finding, in combination with the clinical findings, confirmed the diagnosis of Sneddon's syndrome.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Femoral artery infection associated with a percutaneous arterial suture device.

This is a case report of a femoral artery infection with fatal outcome after using a percutaneous suture mediated closure device: A 77-year old patient underwent diagnostic angiography of his thoracic and abdominal aortic aneurysm, the puncture site was closed with the Perclose system. He developed a staphylococcal femoral artery infection with groin abscess, requiring surgical intervention with debridement and removal of the Perclose suture. After stent graft exclusion of the thoracic and abdominal aortic aneurysm a staphylococcal sepsis occurred and the patient died of aneurysm rupture months later despite long term antibiotic therapy. Since the use of the Perclose device carries an increased risk of femoral artery infection with septic endarteritis and bacteremia, it should not be used in routine diagnostic angiography.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

A model of coccidioidal meningoencephalitis and cerebrospinal vasculitis in the rabbit.

Coccidiodal meningitis is a devastating complication of disseminated coccidioidomycosis. An animal model of this infection could enhance understanding of the pathogenesis of the disease and lead to improvements in therapy. A rabbit model of central nervous system infection simulating human disease was established using a blind cisternal tap technique to inoculate 4 x 10(3)-1 x 10(6) arthroconidia of Coccidioides immitis into the cisterna magna. Systemic, neurologic, and histopathologic findings of meningitis were observed in all rabbits, but an inoculum of 2 x 10(4) arthroconidia produced a chronic illness in which meningeal endarteritis obliterans was consistently observed. Serial sampling of cerebrospinal fluid demonstrated an inflammatory response. Growth of C. immitis was demonstrated by quantitative fungal culture from brains and proximal spinal cords.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Immunohistochemical study of vascular lesions in severe hypertension induced by DOCA and salt administration to spontaneously hypertensive rats.

In order to evaluate whether immunoglobulin deposition in vessels plays some role in the development of vascular lesions in severe hypertension, an immunohistochemical study was performed in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs), to which deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA) and salt were administered. DOCA and salt rapidly induced severe hypertensive vascular lesions, including necrotizing arteriolitis and productive endarteritis. In these rats, considerable deposits of IgG and IgM were found in the small arteries and arterioles of the kidneys. These deposits were accompanied by complement (C3), and could be eluted by acid incubation. They were localized in periodic acid-Schiff-positive insudative lesions, which were thought to be an early phase of the hypertensive vascular lesions. These results suggest that the immunoglobulins might be bound to an unknown antigen in the vascular lesions and that some immunological mechanism mediated by the immunoglobulins is involved in the development of vascular lesions in severe hypertension.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Herpes zoster vasculitis: demonstration by MR angiography.

A patient presented with multiple cerebral infarcts in various vascular territories after having been treated for herpes zoster ophthalmicus. Magnetic resonance angiography demonstrated multiple focal stenoses involving the proximal intracranial vessels which corresponded to endarteritis at autopsy.

Aged↗
PubMed1978

Pulmonary gangrene with vascular occlusion.

Characteristic sequential roentgenographic changes have been revealed in three cases of pulmonary gangrene. The microscopic findings of endarteritis obliterans were present in all cases. The present series brings the total of such cases in the literature to 14. Etiologic factors are discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1977

Irradiation-induced changes in human salivary glands.

Salivary tissue shows inflammatory changes, atrophy, replacement fibrosis, marked pleomorphism and atypia of the acinar epithelium and oncocytic metaplasia in the months following irradiation. The ductular epithelium undergoes squamous changes and within the ductular lumina, secretions become inspissated. The underlying pathogenetic mechanisms for these late irradiation induced changes may be the combination of a direct irradiation effect on acinar epithelium in association with post-obstructive inflammation and ischaemia, secondary to irradiation-induced endarteritis; however, these morphological changes observed may only be the result of an unusual repair phenomenon that salivary tissue is known to go through after any form of noxious stimulation. These histological alterations may lead to a possible misdiagnosis of malignancy in surgical specimens.

Atrophy↗
PubMed2006

Acute and chronic vascular rejection in nonhuman primate kidney transplantation.

A nonhuman primate (NHP) study was designed to evaluate in nonlife-supporting kidney allografts the progression from acute rejection with transplant endarteritis (TXA) to chronic rejection (CR) with sclerosing vasculopathy. Group G1 (n = 6) received high cyclosporine A (CsA) immunosuppression and showed neither TXA nor CR during 90 days post-transplantation. Group G2 (n = 6) received suboptimal CsA immunosuppression and showed severe TXA with graft loss within 46 days (median). Arterial intimal changes included infiltration of macrophages and T lymphocytes (CD3, CD4, CD8) with few myofibroblasts, abundant fibronectin/collagen IV, scant collagens I/III, high rate of cellular proliferation and no C4d accumulation along peritubular capillaries. Group G3 (n = 12) received suboptimal CsA and anti-rejection therapy (rabbit ATG + methylprednisolone + CsA) of TXA. Animals developed CR and lost grafts within 65 days (median). As compared to G2, the arterial intimal changes showed less macrophages and T lymphocytes, an increased number of myofibroblasts, abundant fibronectin/collagen IV and scar collagens I/III, C4d deposition along capillaries in 60% of animals and transplant glomerulopathy in 80% of animals. In conclusion, CR is an immune stimulated process initiated during TXA with the accumulation and proliferation of myofibroblasts, and progressive deposition of collagens in the intima. Our experimental design appears well suited to study events leading to CR.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1982

The fetal arterial vasculature in placentas of insulin-dependent diabetic mothers.

Seventeen placentas from insulin-dependent diabetic women and ten placentas from non-diabetics were studied with angiography. The fresh placentas were injected in both umbilical arteries with barium sulphate suspension. After fixation in formaldehyde, the placentas were X-rayed, intact and after being sliced in 0.8 cm slices. There were two clearly distinguishable types of intracotyledonary arteries. Type A is long, narrow and usually runs in the periphery of the cotyledon; type B is wider and usually runs towards the centre of a cotyledon. The cotyledons were classified according to the distribution of these two types of arteries. Type I contained only A-arteries and Type II, both A- and B-arteries or only B-arteries. Twelve per cent of the cotyledons in the control group belonged to Type I, but in the diabetes group 29 per cent. One block of tissue from every placenta was examined histologically to check that the contrast medium filled the stem villus vessels but not the capillaries in the peripheral villi. The histological sections in both groups were compared. Endarteritis appeared to be a feature of the diabetes placenta. The angiographic findings were compared with results of previous direct light microscopical studies. A high percentage of hypovascular villi was found in placentas with a high number of Type I cotyledons.

Arteries↗
PubMed1982

Occlusion of the digital arteries -- A model for pathogenesis of navicular disease.

The digital arteries of 10 horses suffering from navicular disease, and 7 horses from a control group, were examined angiographically. The horses from the disease group showed complete or partial occlusion of the digital arteries in all cases. In the control group of 7 healthy horses, isolated vessel obstructions were also found but these were limited to narrowing of part of an artery only. Histological investigations showed that total occlusion of a vessel involved an organised thrombus but that partial occlusion generally involved changes to the vascular wall, similar to those caused by endarteritis obliterans. The vessel changes are discussed, with particular reference to their possible significance as a cause of navicular disease.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

A patient with insidious onset of exertional dyspnoea.

The case history is presented of a 42 year old woman with pulmonary artery occlusion due to tuberculous vasculitis that masqueraded as chronic pulmonary artery embolism and led to severe life threatening haemoptysis necessitating emergency pneumonectomy. It is concluded that obliterative tuberculous endarteritis of the pulmonary arteries should be considered in the differential diagnosis of any acquired obstruction of pulmonary arteries.

Adult↗