SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Diglycerides”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

SourceResearch connectionFrom yearThrough year

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 541 records · Page 30Linked to original sources

PubMed1997

Diacylglycerol mediates the thrombin-induced, protein kinase C and Ca2+ independent activation of the Na+/H+ exchanger in platelets.

Treatment of aspirinated platelets with the electroneutral K+/H+ exchanger nigericin induces a decrease in intraplatelet pH as measured with the intracellular fluorescent indicator BCECF. Under these conditions, the proton permeability of the plasma membrane is unaffected. The addition of thrombin induces a rapid partial recovery of pH(i), which is completely abolished by the Na+/H+ exchanger inhibitor NHA. The effect is also evident in the presence of the PKC inhibitors GF 109203X or staurosporine and in the absence of both external (EGTA-chelated) and internal (BAPTA-chelated) Ca2+. This makes the thrombin-induced activation of the exchanger independent of the involvement of the hitherto described activators, namely PKC and the increase in [Ca2+]i, as well of the recently reported activator arachidonic acid [Cavallini, L., Coassin, M., Borean, A., and Alexandre, A. (1996) Biochem. J. 319, 567-574], whose production requires a high [Ca2+]i. The thrombin-dependent recovery of pH(i) is prevented by the phospholipase C inhibitor ET 18 O-CH3 and is mimicked by the addition of the permeable diglyceride dioctanoyl glycerol (DiC8) exogenously supplied. The effect of thrombin and DiC8 is unaffected by inhibition of diacylglycerol lipase and diacylglycerol kinase. These experiments identify diglyceride as a novel activator of the Na+/H+ exchanger in platelets.

Blood Platelets↗

PubMed1978

Kinetics of rac-1-oleyl-2-[4-(3-pyrenyl)butanoyl]glycerol transfer between high density lipoproteins.

The mechanism of transfer of diglyceride between high density lipoproteins (HDL) was investigated with a pyrene-containing analogue whose fluorescent properties depend on the microscopic concentration in the lipoprotein. Transfer rates were first order, rapid (3.5s-1), and invariant over a 100-fold range of HDL concentration and over a 10-fold range of rac-1-oleyl-2-[4-(3-pyrenyl)butanoyl]glycerol concentrations. Similar behavior of the probe was observed with HDL3, although the rate was 40% slower. These results support a mechanism in which rate-limiting dissociation of the diglyceride analogue from one HDL particle into the aqueous phase precedes rapid diffusion and subsequent uptake by another such particle.

Diglycerides↗

PubMed1996

Synthesis and evaluation of the antiproliferative effects of 1-O-hexadecyl-2-O-methyl-3-O-(2'-acetamido-2'-deoxy-beta-D- glucopyranosyl)-sn-glycerol and 1-O-hexadecyl-2-O-methyl-3-0- (2'-amino-2'-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranosyl)-sn-glycerol on epithelial cancer cell growth.

Two ether glucosyl diglyceride analogs were synthesized, and their antiproliferative activity against four epithelial cancer cell lines was evaluated. 1-O-Hexadecyl-2-O-methyl-3-O-(2'-acetamido-2'-deoxy-beta-D- glucopyranosyl)-sn-glycerol (4) was synthesized by reaction of 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-3,4,6-tri-O-acetyl-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl chloride with 1-O-hexadecyl-2-O-methyl-sn-glycerol followed by deacetylation by methanolic hydrolysis. The N-acetyl group of 4 was removed by hydrolysis with ethanolic potassium hydroxide to form 1-O-hexadecyl-2-O-methyl-3-O-(2'-amino-2'-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranosyl)- sn-glycerol (5). Compounds 4 and 5 inhibited the proliferation of MCF-7, A549, A427, and T84 cancer cell lines. The IC(50) values for 5 ranged from 6.5 to 12.2 microM, whereas 4 was more effective against A549 cells (IC(50) 9 microM) than against MCF-7 (IC(50) 17 microM) and A427 (IC(50) 25 microM) cells and was inactive against T84 cells. Under identical incubation conditions, compounds 4 and 5 were potent inhibitors of the proliferation of OVCAR-3 cells with IC(50) values of 12 and 4 microM, respectively, whereas ET-18-OCH(3), hexadecylphosphocholine, and erucylphosphocholine had IC(50) values of 24, >30, and >30 microM, respectively. The cell-inhibitory profile of these ether-linked glucosyl diglycerides strengthens the hypothesis that such glycolipids represent a distinct group of antitumor ether lipids, having antineoplastic activities that differ from the well-known alkylphosphocholines and alkyllysophospholipids.

Antineoplastic Agents↗

PubMed2007

Lateral intermolecular forces between biomembrane lipids in two dimensions: 1,2-dipalmitin at the heptane/water interface compared with phospholipids.

The lateral interaction forces between phospholipids in two-dimensional arrays are fundamental to understanding membrane biophysics. In previous studies the related thermodynamic functions have been measured for spread phospholipid monolayers at the oil/water interface over a range of temperatures and densities, and the two-dimensional virial coefficients obtained. These coefficients have been computed from a model that emphasizes the head group zwitterion interactions. In this study we examine the contribution of the diglyceride portion of phospholipid molecules to the lateral intermolecular forces. Measurements of the heptane/water interfacial tension as a function of the concentration of 1,2-dipalmitoyl glycerol (DP) in the heptane were made over a range of low surface pressures at 25 degrees C. Infrared measurements on the DP solutions show that the solutions are ideal. The results are interpreted to give two-dimensional virial coefficients for the adsorbed monolayer. The second virial coefficient B2(T) for DP is +0.31 nm2/molecule, in marked contrast to the much larger positive values found for the corresponding phospholipids at the same interface and temperature, and clearly indicating an attractive component to the lateral potentials of mean force between pairs of DP molecules. The contribution of the diglyceride moiety to the pair potentials of the phospholipids thus appears to be minor but not negligible. The differences in the second virial coefficients for DP and the phospholipids are interpreted primarily in terms of the orientation of the ester carbonyl dipoles, also drawing on spectroscopic and diffraction evidence from related structures.

Chemistry, Physical↗

PubMedDate not supplied

A phospholipase C protocol for phospholipid peroxidation analysis.

A new method has been developed to analyze the primary products of phospholipid peroxidation. The procedure utilizes the ability of phospholipase C to hydrolyze phospholipid hydroperoxides to their corresponding diacylglycerol derivatives. 1-Palmitoyl-2-linoleoylphosphatidylcholine (1P,2L-GPC), 1-stearoyl-2-linoleoylphosphatidylcholine (1S,2L-GPC), and 1-stearoyl-2-arachidonylphosphatidylcholine (1S,2A-GPC) were autoxidized. The diacylglycerol hydroxides derived from the phosphatidylcholine hydroperoxides were separated by reverse-phase high-pressure liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) and normal-phase high-pressure liquid chromatography (NP-HPLC). 1P,2L-diglyceride (1P,2L-DG) and 1P,2A-DG products were easily separated from 1S,2L-DG and 1S,2A-DG products by RP-HPLC. The linoleate diglyceride oxidation mixture was separated into the 13-trans/cis, 13-trans/trans, 9-trans/cis, and 9-trans/trans isomers by NP-HPLC. Likewise, 1P,2A-DG and 1S,2A-DG oxidation products were resolved into the 15-trans/cis, 15-trans/trans, 12-trans/cis, 11-trans/cis, 9-trans/cis, 8-trans/cis, and 5-trans/cis isomers. In both of the above cases, the 1,2-diacylglycerol isomers could be separated from the 1,3 isomers. Moreover, the diastereomers of the 9-, 8-, and 5-hydroxides could be separated. Each of the diacylglycerol oxidation products was characterized by (1) proton nuclear magnetic resonance (proton NMR), (2) electron ionization-mass spectrometry (EI-MS), and (3) NP-HPLC of the corresponding fatty acids. The diacylglycerol analysis provided the same results for the autoxidation of 1P,2L-GPC as the fatty acid methyl ester analysis. In addition, when 1S,2A-GPC was autoxidized in the presence of 5% alpha-tocopherol, both diastereomers of the 5-hydroxide were observed in the same proportions as the other hydroxides.

Diglycerides↗

PubMed1995

Structure and dynamics of lipid monolayers: implications for enzyme catalysed lipolysis.

We have investigated the role of the substrate on the interfacial activation of lipases by an interdisciplinary study of the structure and dynamics of 1,2-sn dipalmitoylglycerol monolayers at distinct surface pressures. The diglyceride Langmuir film undergoes two phase transitions occurring at 38.3 and 39.8 A2 per molecule. The first transition is unique for diglyceride molecules and is driven by a reorganization of the headgroups causing a change in the hydrophobicity of the oil-water interface. X-ray diffraction studies of different mesophases shows that in the two highest pressure phases, the alkyl chains pack in an hexagonal structure relaxing to a distorted-hexagonal lattice in the lowest pressure phase with the alkyl chains tilted by approximately 14 degrees in a direction close to a nearest neighbour direction.

Computer Simulation↗

PubMed1995

Growth-dependent accumulation of monoalkylglycerol in Madin-Darby canine kidney cells. Evidence for a role in the regulation of protein kinase C.

1-O-Alkyl-sn-glycerol (alkylglycerol) forms the backbone of complex ether-linked glycerolipids, including biologically active lipids such as platelet-activating factor. Synthetic alkylglycerol itself possesses several potent pharmacological activities and has been shown to inhibit protein kinase C (PKC) in vitro. In spite of these properties, free alkylglycerol has been regarded only as a potential product of the inflammatory degradation of complex ether lipids rather than a natural cell constituent. To explore the possibility that endogenous alkylglycerol functions as a physiological regulator in normal cells, we measured its content, along with related monoglycerides and diglycerides, by high performance liquid chromatography and gas-liquid chromatography in Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells. The content of free alkylglycerol increased up to 20-fold during the growth of MDCK cell cultures to a confluent density. The increase was greatest during the log phase of growth, in which the content of alkylglycerol rose from 6.0 +/- 1.3 nmol/10(8) cells in preconfluent cultures to 23.6 +/- 3.4 nmol/10(8) cells in confluent cultures. Analysis of the molecular species of alkylglycerol showed that the higher content in quiescent MDCK cells was due primarily to an increase in 1-O-octadecyl-sn-glycerol. In contrast, the levels of monoacylglycerol and the PKC activator diacylglycerol were lower in confluent, quiescent cultures than in preconfluent, proliferating cultures. A similar pattern of changes in the monoglyceride and diglyceride content was observed in interleukin-3-dependent CFTL-12 mast cells when cell proliferation was blocked by growth factor withdrawal. Growth of MDCK cells to a confluent density resulted in a decrease in particulate PKC enzyme activity to a level that was only 6% of that in proliferating cells. To explore whether the accumulation of cellular alkylglycerol contributes to growth-dependent changes in PKC activity, we examined the effects of adding alkylglycerol to the activity and subcellular distribution of the enzyme in MDCK cells. Treatment of cells with 1-O-dodecyl-sn-glycerol resulted in a decrease in the activity of membrane-associated PKC activity and inhibited 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate-stimulated translocation of PKC from the cytosol to the membrane fraction. Alkylglycerol was also shown to inhibit the activity of purified PKC in vitro when present at levels similar to that of the diacylglycerol activator. We propose that the accumulation of alkylglycerol during the growth of MDCK cells to a confluent density contributes to the decrease in PKC activity. The control of cellular alkylglycerol levels may be a novel mechanism for the regulation of cellular physiology.

Acylation↗

PubMed2005

Diacylglycerol induces fusion of nuclear envelope membrane precursor vesicles.

Purified membrane vesicles isolated from sea urchin eggs form nuclear envelopes around sperm nuclei following GTP hydrolysis in the presence of cytosol. A low density subfraction of these vesicles (MV1), highly enriched in phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns), is required for nuclear envelope formation. Membrane fusion of MV1 with a second fraction that contributes most of the nuclear envelope can be initiated without GTP by an exogenous bacterial PtdIns-specific phospholipase C (PI-PLC) which hydrolyzes PtdIns to form diacylglycerides and inositol 1-phosphate. This PI-PLC hydrolyzes a subset of sea urchin membrane vesicle PtdIns into diglycerides enriched in long chain, polyunsaturated species as revealed by a novel liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis. Large unilammelar vesicles (LUVs) enriched in PtdIns can substitute for MV1 in PI-PLC induced nuclear envelope formation. Moreover, MV1 prehydrolyzed with PI-PLC and washed to remove inositols leads to spontaneous nuclear envelope formation with MV2 without further PI-PLC treatment. LUVs enriched in diacylglycerol mimic prehydrolyzed MV1. These results indicate that production of membrane-destabilizing diglycerides in membranes enriched in PtdIns may facilitate membrane fusion in a natural membrane system and suggest that MV1, which binds only to two places on the sperm nucleus, may initiate fusion locally.

Animals↗

PubMed2005

Activation of membrane cholesterol by displacement from phospholipids.

We tested the hypothesis that certain membrane-intercalating agents increase the chemical activity of cholesterol by displacing it from its low activity association with phospholipids. Octanol, 1,2-dioctanoyl-sn-glycerol (a diglyceride), and N-hexanoyl-D-erythrosphingosine (a ceramide) were shown to increase both the rate of transfer and the extent of equilibrium partition of human red blood cell cholesterol to methyl-beta-cyclodextrin. These agents also promoted the interaction of the sterol with two cholesterol-specific probes, cholesterol oxidase and saponin. Expanding the pool of bilayer phospholipids with lysophosphatides countered these effects. The three intercalators also protected the red cells against lysis by cholesterol depletion as if substituting for the extracted sterol. As is the case for excess plasma membrane cholesterol, treating human fibroblasts with octanol, diglyceride, or ceramide stimulated the rapid inactivation of their hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase, presumably through an increase in the pool of endoplasmic reticulum cholesterol. These data supported the stated hypothesis and point to competition between cholesterol and endogenous and exogenous intercalators for association with membrane phospholipids. We also describe simple screens using red cells in a microtiter well format to identify intercalating agents that increase or decrease the activity of membrane cholesterol.

Binding, Competitive↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Effects of various antihypertensive agents on lipid metabolism: alterations in the pattern of lipids synthesized from [14C]oleate in rat liver in vitro.

The effects of five antihypertensive agents on lipid biosynthesis from [1-14C]oleate were studied in rat liver minces. At a level of 1 mM, propranolol and prazosin increased the incorporation of [14C]oleate into diglycerides and cholesteryl esters by two- to fourfold and increased total phospholipid labeling by 20-30%. Chlorthalidone and metoprolol at 1 mM also stimulated the incorporation of [14C]oleate into phospholipids and diglycerides (20-50%) but did not affect its incorporation into triglycerides or cholesteryl esters. All four of the compounds statistically significantly inhibited the incorporation of [14C]oleate into phosphatidylcholine by 12-37% but stimulated incorporation into phosphatidylinositol by 17-95%. Nadolol differed from the other compounds in that it did not show selective effects but rather inhibited the incorporation of [14C]oleate into all lipid classes by approximately 50%. The data are discussed in terms of possible mechanisms involved in the lipid synthesis patterns and suggest the possibility that plasma lipid/lipoprotein changes observed in patients undergoing antihypertensive therapy may reflect, in part, altered hepatic lipid synthesis.

Animals↗

PubMed1977

Glycolipids of the human gastric content. Structure of the sulfated glyceroglucolipid.

A new sulfated glycolipid has been isolated from the lipid extract of human gastric content by the procedure involving column fractionation on silicic acid and thin-layer chromatography. Degradation studies revealed the presence of glucose, sulfate, fatty acids and glyceryl monoethers. The structure of this glycolipid was identified by partial acid hydrolysis, oxidation with periodate and chromium trioxide, and permethylation studies, as: SO3H-6Glcalphal leads to 6Glcalphal leads to 6Glcalphal leads to 3-diglyceride. The diglyceride portion of this glycolipid consists mostly of 1-O-alkyl-2-O-acyl-glycerol.

Chemical Phenomena↗

PubMed1978

The influence of exogenous and of membrane-bound phosphatidate concentration on the activity of CTP: phosphatidate cytidylyltransferase and phosphatidate phosphohydrolase.

Rat liver microsomes were treated with phospholipase D to obtain microsomal membranes with varying amounts of membrane-bound phosphatidate. This treatment did not impair the activity of two microsomal-bound enzymes acting with phosphatidate as substrate, i.e. CTP: phosphatidate cytidylyltransferase and phosphatidate phosphohydrolase. The dependency of the activity of these enzymes on the concentration of membrane-bound phosphatidate was determined. Both enzymes showed a linear increase in activity with membrane-bound phosphatidate concentrations up to at least 100 nmol phosphatidate/mg microsomal protein. These results indicate that both enzymes have a large reserve capacity and suggest that the enzymes are operating intracellularly, i.e. at phosphatidate concentrations of 5-10 nmol/mg endoplasmic reticulum protein, far below their maximal capacity. The ratio of phosphatidate conversion into CDP-diglyceride and 1,2-diglyceride seems to be constant for a large range of membrane-bound phosphatidate concentrations. The membrane-bound enzymes cannot utilize phosphatidate substrate present in heat-denatured membranes, but are active on phosphatidate incorporated into membranes of phospholipid vesicles.

Animals↗

PubMed1975

Phosphoglycerides of Trichophyton terrestre and one phenotype selected from the Apollo 16 microbial ecology evaluation device.

Total lipid extracted from wild-type Trichophyton terrestre CDC-X285 was found to be 2.0 percent of the dry cell weight. The total lipid contained the following phospholipid components identified by silicic acid-impregnated thin-layer and paper chromatography: phosphatidyl inositol, phosphatidyl choline, phosphatidyl serine, and phosphatidic acid. The total lipid extracted from the phenotype T. terrestre 7048-1 isolated from the Apollo 16 Microbial Ecology Evaluation Device (MEED) was found to vary according to the time at which the phospholipids were extracted. The Trichophyton phenotype was selected from a cuvette housed in the MEED exposed to specific space parameters including ultraviolet light of known wavelengths and energy levels in deep space. The phospholipid components, identified in the phenotype were phosphatidyl ethanolamine and cardiolipin. The major lipid fraction was composed of digalactosyl diglyceride and monogalactosyl diglyceride. An unusual lipid was detected in the phenotype, which appeared to be sterol glycoside.

Cardiolipins↗

PubMed1974

Lipids of the Spirochaetales: comparison of the lipids of several members of the genera Spirochaeta, Treponema, and Leptospira.

The lipid compositions of 17 spirochetes belonging to the genera Spirochaeta and Treponema were investigated and compared with data previously derived from 11 strains of Leptospira. The lipid compositions and lipid metabolism of any of these genera is sufficiently different to be characteristic of that genus and to differentiate it from the other two genera. Members of the genus Leptospira are characterized by their ability to beta-oxidize long chain fatty acids as their major carbon and energy source. With few exceptions, they are incapable of synthesizing fatty acids de novo. The major phospholipid found was phosphatidyl ethanolamine. No glycolipid or phosphatidyl choline was found in these organisms. Members of the genus Treponema studied were incapable of beta-oxidation as well as de novo synthesis of fatty acids. Phosphatidyl choline is the major phospholipid of this genus. The glycolipid, monogalactosyl diglyceride, is a major component of the Treponema. Members of the Spirochaeta did synthesize fatty acids de novo. Although these spirochetes contain a monoglycosyl diglyceride, the hexose content of the glycolipid varied from species to species. Neither phosphatidyl ethanolamine nor phosphatidyl choline was found in the Spirochaeta.

Chromatography, Gas↗

PubMed1980

Analysis of caulobacter crescentus lipids.

The lipids of Caulobacter crescentus, a procaryotic species which differentiates into stalked and swarmer cell types, were analyzed. Major lipid classes were purified by chromatography and identified by both chromatographic and chemical methods. Approximately half of the total lipid fraction of this organism consisted of glycolipis, which were primarily monoglucosyldiglyceride and an acylated glucuronic acid. Two of the phospholipids of C. crescentus were identified as phopshatidylglycerol and acylphosphatidylglycerol. Commonly occurring bacterial phospholipids, such as phosphatidylethanolamine and cardiolipin (diphosphatidylglycerol), were not detected. Monoglyceride and diglyceride were found in the neutral lipid fraction, which made up 10% of the total lipid. Quantitative lipid compositional studies, performed by the incorporation of [14C]acetate and [32P]orthophosphate into growing cultures, revealed that separated swarmer and stalked cells had similar lipid compositions. However, stationary-phase cultures, compared with logaritmic cultures, had decreased amounts of phosphatidylglycerol and diglyceride and increased amounts of acylphosphatidylglycerol and a glucuronic acid-containing glycolipid, glycolipid X. In addition, two glycolipids were only detected in stationary-phase cultures. These studies indicate that C. crescentus has a distinctive lipid composition compared with those of other procaryotic species which have been analyzed.

Bacteria↗

PubMed1978

Cytosol protein-independent translocation of isomeric spin-labelled radioactive lipids from isolated guinea pig liver microsomal to mitochondrial membranes.

Intermembranous translocation of membrane-bound radioactive lipids covalently labelled with 5-, 12, and 16-doxyl stearic acid was studied. Guinea pig liver microsomal membranes containing known amounts of isomeric spin-labelled radioactive phosphatidic acid, phosphatidylcholine, and diglycerides were incubated with unlabelled mitochondria; reisolated mitochondria contained around 28-31% of microsomal labelled lipids above the microsomal contamination. The effect of adding crude or 'pH 5.1' 105 000 X g cytosol supernatant on the amount and composition of translocated labelled lipids was studied. While the translocation of labelled phosphatidylcholine was slightly stimulated by the addition of these cytosol supernatants, no significant increase of the amount of translocated labelled phosphatidic acic and diglycerides was observed by this addition. In view of these results, a probable mechanism for the cytosol protein-independent translocation of lipids between biological membranes is proposed.

Animals↗

PubMed1979

Enzymatic degradation and partial biosynthetic reconstitution of microsomal and mitochondrial membranes.

Guinea pig liver microsomal and mitochondrial membranes were degraded with phospholipase C and D followed by partial biosynthetic reconstitution. Activities of phosphatidylinositol synthetase in microsomal membranes and NADPH-cytochrome c reductase were almost completely lost after phospholipase C and D treatment; almost complete restoration of the original activity was achieved after biosynthesis of phosphatidylcholine in degraded microsomes, but was not reparable after biosynthesis of cytidinediphosphodiglycerides (CDP-diglycerides). The mitochondrial biosynthesis of polyglycerophosphatides was completely retained after degradation of these membranes with phospholipase C, but after similar treatment with phospholipase D, only about one-quarter of the original activity remained, the relative composition of polyglycerophosphatides being significantly different. The activity of NADPH-cytochrome c reductase of microsomes represented about 76% of the original activity after phospholipase C treatment, but only approximately 1% after treatment with phospholipase D. Although this activity could not be restored with CDP-diglyceride synthesis, it was restored to about 75% of the original activity after the biosynthesis of phosphatidylcholine in these fragments. These and additional experimental findings are discussed in terms of the relation between structural organization of lipids and proteins and enzymatic activities of membrane-bound phospholipid-synthesizing enzymes in microsomal and mitochondrial membranes isolated from guinea pig liver.

Animals↗

PubMed1990

Mechanism and localization of cardiolipin biosynthesis revisited: evidence for the identical mechanism and different localization in mitochondrial and submitochondrial membranes isolated from guinea pig and rat liver.

The mechanism of cardiolipin (diphosphatidylglycerol) biosynthesis was examined in mitochondria and outer and inner mitochondrial membranes prepared from guinea pig and rat livers to determine whether this formation from phosphatidylglycerol was absolutely dependent on cytidinediphosphodiglyceride, as previously reported for intact mitochondria. Experimental results confirmed that the biosynthesis of cardiolipin, from the membrane-bound radioactive phosphatidylglycerol in intact mitochondria isolated from guinea pig and rat liver, was absolutely dependent on CDP-diglycerides and required the addition of divalent cations. Furthermore, the same mechanism for the biosynthesis of cardiolipin was operational in the outer and inner mitochondrial membranes. This biosynthesis was associated with both the outer and inner mitochondrial membranes prepared from guinea pig liver, but only with the inner mitochondrial membranes prepared from rat liver. The release of radioactive glycerol was also measured, but the amount obtained did not satisfy the stoichiometric requirement for CDP-diglyceride-independent biosynthesis of cardiolipin from 2 mol of phosphatidylglycerol with the liberation of 1 mol of glycerol. Therefore, it was concluded that this mechanism is not involved in the biosynthesis of cardiolipin in mitochondrial and submitochondrial membranes prepared from guinea pig and rat liver.

Animals↗