Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “DNA extraction”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 541 records · Page 30Linked to original sources
PubMed2000

[Detection of DNA extracted from Mycobacterium tuberculosis by TaqMan-PCR technique and its clinical application].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical diagnostic value of TaqMan-PCR technique in the diagnosis of active pulmonary tuberculosis. METHODS: The specimens of sputum and peripheral blood from 168 patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis, 57 patients with lung cancer and the specimens of peripheral blood from 34 healthy individuals were detected by TaqMan-PCR, PCR. The specimens of sputum were also detected by smear, culture with BACTEC and Lowenstein-Jensen for comparison. RESULTS: The positive rates of sputum and peripheral blood detected by TaqMan-PCR were 53.0% and 61.3%, respectively, significantly higher than those of PCR, smear, culture with BACTEC and Lowenstein-Jensen (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference between TaqMan-PCR and PCR for specificity (P > 0.05). Of 105 specimens of peripheral blood from patients with smear-negative and culture-negative pulmonary tuberculosis, 48 specimens of peripheral blood detected by TaqMan-PCR were positive. The positive rate was 45.7%. CONCLUSIONS: TaqMan-PCR method showed higher sensitivity and specificity. It is an useful tool for diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis, particularly smear-negative and culture-negative pulmonary tuberculosis.

DNA, Bacterial↗
PubMed2003

Comparison of rapid methods for the extraction of bacterial DNA from colonic and caecal lumen contents of the pig.

AIMS: The increasing uses of DNA methodologies to study the micro flora of the pig gastrointestinal tract requires an efficient recovery of bacterial DNA from the intestinal sample. Thus, the objective of this study was to determine which DNA extraction methods are most effective for luminal samples from pigs. Several routinely used nucleic acid extraction procedures were compared based upon quantity and purity of extracted DNA. METHODS AND RESULTS: DNA was extracted from pig colonic and caecal lumen samples using 19 methods for bacterial DNA extraction. The quantity of total DNA recovered by each extraction method was determined and compared. Two methods using extraction with polyvinylpolypyrrolidone (PVPP) or phenol and two methods involving bead mill homogenization were found to provide the greatest quantity of extracted DNA for both colonic and caecal lumen. Extracted DNA from these four methods was further analysed for purity based upon the presence of PCR inhibitors, which was ascertained by determining the efficiency of amplification of a segment of the 16S rDNA. PCR amplification could be readily achieved with DNA extracted by each of these four methods, but efficiency of amplification tended to be higher with DNA from two of the methods (one extracted with PVPP and one with bead mill homogenization). CONCLUSIONS: Four extraction methods proved to be significantly superior in quantity of DNA extracted from luminal samples. Of these four, no strong inhibitors of PCR amplification were detected in any of the extracted DNA. However, the efficiency of amplification tended to be lower in DNA samples from two of the methods, suggesting the presence of low levels of PCR inhibitors. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: Results of this study provide a basis for choosing which DNA extraction procedures are most effective for use with samples of pig lumen.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Comparative study of automated versus manual extraction of DNA from clinical specimens.

The authors have compared an automated method for DNA extraction with an established manual method using routine clinical specimens. The purity, yield, and quality of the extracted DNA was assessed by ultraviolet absorbency measurements, gel electrophoresis, and DNA probe hybridization. The automated DNA extractor can provide high molecular weight DNA equivalent in purity, yield, and quality to that obtained by the manual method with substantial savings in technologist time and overall costs associated with the procedure.

Blotting, Southern↗
PubMed2004

Extracting DNA twist rigidity from experimental supercoiling data.

We use an elastic rod model with contact to study the extension versus rotation diagrams of single supercoiled DNA molecules. We reproduce quantitatively the supercoiling response of overtwisted DNA and, using experimental data, we obtain an estimate of the effective supercoiling radius and of the twist rigidity of B-DNA. We find that the twist rigidity of DNA seems to vary widely with the nature and concentration of the salt buffer in which it is immersed.

DNA↗
PubMed2001

Microbial diversity in hot synthetic compost as revealed by PCR-amplified rRNA sequences from cultivated isolates and extracted DNA.

High-temperature (>/=60 degrees C) synthetic food waste compost was examined by cultivation-dependent and -independent methods to determine predominant microbial populations. Fluorescent direct counts totaled 6.4 (+/-2.5)x10(10) cells gdw(-1) in a freeze-dried 74 degrees C compost sample, while plate counts for thermophilic heterotrophic aerobes averaged 2.6 (+/-1.0)x10(8) CFU gdw(-1). A pre-lysis cell fractionation method was developed to obtain community DNA and a suite of 16S and 18S rDNA-targeted PCR primers was used to examine the presence of Bacteria, Archaea and fungi. Bacterial 16S rDNA, including a domain-specific 1500-bp fragment and a 300-bp fragment specific for Actinobacteria, was amplified by PCR from all compost samples tested. Archaeal rDNA was not amplified in any sample. Fungal 18S rDNA was only amplified from a separate dairy manure compost that reached a peak temperature of 50 degrees C. Amplified rDNA restriction analysis (ARDRA) was used to screen isolated thermophilic bacteria and a clone library of full-length rDNA fragments. ARDRA screening revealed 14 unique patterns among 63 isolates, with one pattern accounting for 31 of the isolates. In the clone library, 52 unique patterns were detected among 70 clones, indicating high diversity of uncultivated bacteria in hot compost. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the two most abundant isolates belonged in the genera Aneurinibacillus and Brevibacillus, which are not commonly associated with hot compost. With the exception of one Lactobacillus-type sequence, the clone library contained only sequences that clustered within the genus Bacillus. None of the isolates or cloned sequences could be assigned to the group of obligate thermophilic Bacillus spp. represented by B. stearothermophilus, commonly believed to dominate high-temperature compost. Amplified partial fragments from Actinobacteria, spanning the V3 variable region (Neefs et al. (1990) Nucleic Acids Res. 18, 2237-2242), included sequences related to the genera Saccharomonospora, Gordonia, Rhodococcus and Corynebacterium, although none of these organisms were detected among the isolates or full-length cloned rDNA sequences. All of the thermophilic isolates and sequenced rDNA fragments examined in this study were from Gram-positive organisms.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1996

DNA Extraction and PCR Methods for the Detection of Listeria monocytogenes in Cold-Smoked Salmon.

Protocols for the specific detection of Listeria monocytogenes in cold-smoked salmon were developed. PCR was used as the method of detection. Inhibitors of PCR present in the food samples were removed by ether extraction or column purification, or their effect was overcome by the use of Tween 20 as an enhancer. These protocols are many times more rapid than conventional detection methodologies and also have the potential for automation.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1989

Evaluation of a rapid method of extracting DNA from stool samples for use in hybridization assays.

The ability of the Extractor system (Molecular Biosystems, Inc., San Diego, Calif.) to isolate nucleic acid (NA) from stool samples for use in hybridization assays was investigated. Crude NA was recovered from 45 of 50 stool samples by using this system. The amount of NA recovered varied considerably depending on the microbial flora present in the sample (mean +/- standard deviation, 50.2 +/- 46.7 micrograms; range, 2 to 228 micrograms) but did not correlate with the consistency of the sample. Samples containing primarily gram-positive organisms or yeast cells gave lower yields of NA (less than 10 micrograms) than those containing gram-negative bacilli. The five samples which did not yield NA were sterile when cultured aerobically on blood agar plates. Samples of the 45 stools yielding NA were inoculated into broth and grown overnight, and a 10-microliters sample of broth was spotted onto nitrocellulose filters. The NA samples recovered from the Extractor column were applied to nylon membranes by using the Centri-dot system. The NA on the broth blots and the NA on the Centri-dot filters were hybridized with a 310-base-pair probe specific for the 2"-O-aminoglycoside adenylyltransferase [ANT(2")] resistance gene. The Extractor-Centri-dot system demonstrated 61.9% sensitivity and 95.8% specificity in detecting the ANT(2") gene in stool samples containing colonies demonstrating the ANT(2") phenotype. The positive and negative predictive values of the NA blot were 92.8 and 74.2%, respectively.

DNA Probes↗