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PubMedDate not supplied

[Transference and countertransference in Gestalt therapy].

The aim is to demonstrate the presence of transference within Gestalt Psychotherapy, opinion not shared by many gestaltists. For this purpose she includes Freud's findings and comments on transference. She also takes into consideration Jung's and Melanie Klein's concepts on transference. The author concludes that transference is in Psychoanalysis a decisive concept in diagnosing and defining a prognosis. She refers to the fact that in Gestalt Psychotherapy the patient projects on the therapist disturbed aspects of his personallity as well as healthy ones, which determines the characteristics of the relationship. In Gestalt Therapy transference is made easy by the self-responsibility the patient has to assume in the process. Within this frame-work some of the techniques which facilitate the use of transference are mentioned: gestual observation, conscience awareness, an alliance with the healthful aspects of the patient, work in the "here-and-now", clarifying projections, switch from environmental support to inner support.

Countertransference↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Concerning transference and countertransference.

This paper is presented primarily for its historical interest. The author's first attempted publication in psychiatry or psychoanalysis, it was submitted successively to two publications in 1949, rejected by each, and filed away until now. In it, the author suggests that transference phenomena constitute projections, and that all projective manifestations-including transference reactions-have some real basis in the analyst's behavior and represent, therefore, distortions in degree only. The latter of these two suggestions implies a degree of emotional participation by the analyst which is not adequately described by the classical view of him as manifesting sympathetic interest, and nothing else, toward the patient. It has been the writer's experience that the analyst actually does feel, and manifest in various ways, a great variety of emotions during the analytic hour. The analytic usefulness of this actual richness of emotional participation, by the analyst, is detailed.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Aloneness in the countertransference.

This survey of a variety of ways in which analysands induce a feeling of aloneness in the analyst includes reference to the developmental origins, unconscious dynamics, and characterological settings of these ways. An account is presented of the role of narrative choice in defining the phenomena of an analysis not just in reporting pre-existing phenomena. Also included are some technical suggestions.

Countertransference↗
PubMed1995

[Countertransference in homoerotic transference].

Until now psychoanalytic training and literature have hardly considered the transference love of homosexual patients. We summarized the scarce literature and related it to the background of our knowledge of heterosexual transference love. The discussion leaves no doubt that, like the heterosexual, homosexual transference love must be read on all levels of psychosexual development instead of reading it on only one and definitely not on an amorphous "preoedipal" level. This is particularly true for the level of the adult homosexual patient, as the case history demonstrates.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Physical illness in the transference and countertransference].

The significance of severe physical illness in terms of the repercussions it may have on the course of psychoanalytic treatment is a topic that has received very little attention in the literature. The author approaches the problem from the point of view of transference and counter-transference on the one hand, and from a distinction between self and body-self on the other. Rodewig proceeds on the assumption that a physical ailment can have the character of an object and may thus attain the status of third object. Given the threat posed by dangerous physical illness, the ego has recourse to defence mechanisms such as splitting and separate projective identification of positive and negative object- and self-parts, projecting the omnipotent, idealizing desires onto the therapist and the negative desires onto the ailment itself. In a later stage a de-idealization of the therapist sets in and the latter is identified with the illness so that the illness is then bandied back and forth between patient and analyst. The most challenging technical problem for analysts is avoiding the projection of their own illness and death anxieties onto the patient with a view to resolving them there. Instead, they need to be worked in independently and then given back to the patient devoid of their original virulence. The author illustrates the various facets of the problem with brief reference to various case histories.

Attitude to Death↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Transference and countertransference problems in patients treated with bone marrow transplantation].

Psychological problems that restrain the patient before, during and after the bone marrow transplantation (BMT) are multiple and are very complex and often have significant effect on the transplantation procedure itself. What patient is going through followed with his expectations and dependence on the transplantation team, together with development of an archaic transference develops a number of counter-transference reactions within the team members. If we assume that during the time spent in a sterile unit and isolation, because of the regressive position, patients use early defending mechanisms, which again, reflect in the reactions of the team members. The aim of this project is to analyse transference and counter-transference problems of the patients and the team members during the BMT. The method used was psychodynamic clinical observance and analysis of transference and counter-transference problems of patients and the team members during the process of transplantation. Thirty-five patients with acute myeloblastic and acute lymphoblastic leukemia, treated with allogenic BMT, were observed during their stay in a sterile unit over the 5-year period. Transplantation procedure, based on observation of psychological dwelling and transference reactions of the patients, is divided into five phases while, from the perspective of the team members, the counter-transference problems are revealed especially during the moments of helplessness. The most important mechanism that the team members are using to protect themselves from this feeling is "selective avoidance of psychological", in other words, avoidance of empathy.

Adolescent↗