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PubMedDate not supplied

[Homicide by strangulation with a lasso sling].

A 50-year-old physically handicapped man was found dead on his wheelchair in a short passage on the ground floor of a high-rise housing development. The lattice doors at the both ends of the passage were closed and the wheelchair with the body was found at the door to an adjoining indoor parking place for bicycles. A noose of a vinyl plastic cord was found wound around the neck; the other end of the cord was tied through the lattice door to a handrail on the wall of the parking place. The wheelchair was stopped sideways; its chair back was in contact with a doorpost. The body which was slipped from the seat of the wheelchair was incompletely suspended by the noose. The cause of death primarily was diagnosed as hanging. The police suspected murder and arrested a 21-year-old male assailant. According to his confession, the assailant pushed the wheelchair through the lattice door in the passage, stopped it at the door and braked it. Immediately thereafter he returned to the parking place and locked the lattice door behind him. After having made a kind of lasso using a cord taken off from a bicycle which has been sitting there, he reached out his hands through the lattice door and lassoed the man on the wheelchair from behind. Finally, he tied another end of the lasso to the handrail. It was considered that the body of the victim was slipped down in the stage of convulsion and incompletely suspended by the noose.

Asphyxia↗
PubMed1995

Homicidal cardiac lacerations in children.

We report six cases of intentionally inflicted cardiac laceration. The victims ranged in age from 9 weeks to 2 1/2 years. Five victims were girls and in five cases the right atrium was lacerated. The left ventricle was lacerated in the other case. In the three cases with a confession, one victim each was struck with a fist, stomped, and kicked. Four patients had rib fractures, with at least two fractures in each case. Cardiac rupture from blunt trauma most commonly results from compression of the heart between the sternum and vertebral column, but may also occur from compression of the abdomen or legs, deceleration, blast injury, puncture of the heart by a fractured rib, and rupture through a resolving contusion. Accidentally acquired cardiac lacerations usually result from motor vehicle accidents or similarly severe forces. In children there are neither well documented cases of cardiac laceration nor of rib fractures from cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Cardiac lacerations, as with other types of severe trauma acquired at home, are almost never accidental.

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation↗
PubMed1995

'Oral hygiene'--a method of killing in a medical setting.

'Oral hygiene' is a routine nursing care procedure used in the treatment of critically ill patients. In the course of their confessions the women accused of the homicides at the Lainz Hospital in Vienna admitted having applied another form of 'oral hygiene'. About 250 ml of tap water was administered per os into the airways of severely ill and comatose patients, and death occurred about one hour later. Pathophysiological investigations have shown that this procedure is a suitable method of killing comatose patients with pulmonary impairment. Possible findings and the problems of detection on the corpse are discussed.

Austria↗
PubMed1994

[Occurrence of deviant tendencies in phalloplethysmographic and vulvoplethysmographic examinations in sexually dysfunctional patients (case reports)].

The author demonstrates on four case-histories the presence of sexual deviant trends as the cause of sexual dysfunctions in conventional heterosexual relations in men and women and the irreplaceable part played by vulvo- or phalloplethysmography used for their detection. In a man treated for some time on account of impaired erectile potency and in a woman who visited the surgery with her husband and presented complaints diagnosed as secondary frigidity and anorgasmy, PPG or VPG examination revealed a homosexual orientation. Both these patients knew of their homosexual orientation but did not tell anybody. The mentioned male patient intentionally dissimulated homosexuality, the woman attempted in vain to achieve heterosexual adaptation. In two young men with primary disorders of erectile potency PPG examination revealed sadomasochistic tendencies. In the first one the impaired erectility created the impression of "debutant's failure" when starting a partnership, in the second one it seemed to be due to adverse psychosocial factors. During an interview following the examination both described spontaneously and in detail erotic dreams and masturbation fantasies with sadomasochistic contents. They were not aware of the association of their specific sexual motivation structure. It was typical for all four patients that they never disclosed previously their deviant sexual tendencies and only the specific situation during the PPG or VPG examination, which they had voluntarily after previous instruction, they were motivated to confess their problems.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Identification of an unusual stabbing weapon based on the shape of injuries of the kidney and humerus].

The body of a 38-year-old man was found buried. The first step of the discovery was an anonymous telephone call. The body had 5 stab wounds (3 in the back, 1 in the left upper arm and 1 in the right leg). The cause of death was considered to be loss of blood due to a stab wound in the lung. The wounds in the kidney and the left humerus had peculiar shapes. The wound on the kidney was 1.1 cm long and had notches in the center of both margins of the wound. A V-shaped nick was noted on the humerus. Based on the above findings it was assumed that the murder weapon was a tapering 4-edged instrument. Later, based on the confession of the assailants, a pickaxe with the above-mentioned characteristics was discovered in a river. The victim was a member of a gang (Bohryoku-dan) and the assailants were members of another one. The present situation of gangs in Japan is briefly outlined.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Maternal reports of conscience development and temperament in young children.

Multiple manifestations of emerging conscience, their development, organization, and links with temperament were studied in 171 21-70-month-old children. A new parental report instrument was designed to measure conscience, with good psychometric qualities and predictive of children's behaviors in a laboratory. For most aspects of conscience, the major developmental shifts occurred around age 3.2 components of early conscience emerged in factor analyses: Affective Discomfort, significantly higher for girls, that encompassed guilt, apology, concern about good feelings with the parent following wrongdoing, and empathy with others, and Active Moral Regulation/Vigilance, which included confession and reparation following wrongdoing, internalization of rules of conduct (self-regulation), and concern about others' wrongdoing. Children's temperament, assessed by maternal reports, was associated with conscience. Low impulsivity and high inhibitory control were associated with Active Moral Regulation/Vigilance for both sexes and, for girls only, also with Affective Discomfort. For girls, temperamental reactivity related positively to Affective Discomfort and negatively to Active Moral Regulation/Vigilance.

Affect↗
PubMed1994

Violence against physicians. Societal aggression worsens an occupational hazard.

Headlines and news reports raise the alarm: "Last month's shooting of three emergency physicians in Los Angeles has triggered renewed physician concern." "Physician David Gunn, 47, of Eufala, Ala, was shot three times in the back on March 10, 1993, when he arrived for work at the rear of a Pensacola abortion clinic." "A man who police say confessed to killing a plastic surgeon and a hairdresser told a judge he was angry about people 'diluting the Aryan beauty.'" "Yale professor is injured by blast; mail bomb tied to terror in '70s."

Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Drug fatalities with cadaver dumping].

7 cases of "dumping" of the bodies of drug addicts are reported. Circumstances of the case, findings at the scene, autopsy findings and confessions raised already the suspicion that the bodies were not found at the scene of death. In 5 cases the "dumping" of the bodies was outside, in 2 cases inside a house. Identification of the bodies was always easy, since personal papers (passport, identity card) were still present and no attempts were made to prevent identification. The prevalent motivation for "dumping" seems to be not to be identified as drug addict or dealer or to be brought in connection with the death of drug addicts.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases among female drug abusers in Malaysia.

The prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases (STD) among female drug abusers was determined by screening 130 new inmates of a rehabilitation centre. The majority of the subjects (77.7%) were self-confessed sex workers. A high prevalence of syphilis (50.8%), hepatitis B (52.2%), moniliasis (23.8%) and trichomoniasis (19.2%) were noted. Gonorrhoea vaginitis was seen in 8.5%, which was low compared to previous studies. Six subjects were seropositive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), with 5 of them admitting to needle sharing and working as prostitutes. More than half of them harboured 2 or more STD. A rich reservoir of STD was seen among the drug abusers. With more evidence now available concerning the ease of HIV transmission associated with ulcerative STD, a stage could be set for greater heterosexual HIV transmission. As part of the rehabilitation process, female drug abusers need a thorough screening for STD followed by aggressive treatment regimens.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Positive identification in a case of intentional extreme fragmentation.

The investigation of the first of the murders of young males to which Jeffrey Dahmer confessed led to systematic survey of two acres of semirural property in Bath Township, Ohio. The survey revealed the fragmentary skeleton of a young adult male, as well as bones of several species of animals. Through archaeobiological analysis, the animal bones were identified and taphonomic modifications documented. The human bones were dry and weathered, and many were rodent-gnawed, indicating that they had been exposed for many years. The human bones displayed an extreme degree of splintering, warping, bending, and spiral breakage. The only relatively complete bone was a cervical vertebra. Dismemberment and breakage had been accomplished by cutting, blunt force, and, in the case of the ribs, manual bending. Even in so extreme a case of intentional fragmentation, however, forensic anthropological analysis resulted in positive identification, with the primary criteria based on matching osteological features evident in premortem and postmortem radiographs of a cervical vertebra.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

[Rousseau on the couch. "La nouvelle Héloïse as a key to his childhood trauma].

Whereas many interpreters and biographers of Rousseau tend to present their subject as a pathological figure, Niemeyer will have no truck with such ascriptions. His reading of Rousseau's epistolary novel Julie ou la Nouvelle Héloïse (1761) draws upon the autobiographical Confessions and reveals that Rousseau uses this novel as a species of self-therapy. In the novel the constellations in which certain scenes recur invite their interpretation as complementary scenes to Rousseau's traumatic "Urszene"--the death of his mother when giving birth to him. In Niemeyer's view, the way in which Rousseau turns his re-working of his childhood trauma to literary account qualifies him as a predecessor of psychoanalysis.

Famous Persons↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Homicidal versus suicidal penis amputation. A contribution to the problem of missing and conflicting stains].

Report of the case of a 78-year-old man who was found dead with complete amputation of the penis and parts of the scrotum. Cause of death was fatal hemorrhage. Since penis and the knife were missing at the scene and the blood stains were confined to the bed but not in the further apartment, further traces were disposed, the son of the deceased was suspicious of murder. The confession of the suspect in trial claimed a suicidal self-castration; this claimed self-inflicted genital mutilation was in part in accordance with objective findings.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Ethnic differences in the biological consequences of alcohol abuse: a comparison between south Asian and European males.

Twenty-two South Asian men and 32 European men who had abused alcohol for at least 1.5 years were studied at the time of admission for detoxification to an Alcohol and Drug Dependency unit. The self-confessed average alcohol consumption during the preceding 3 months was similar in the South Asians (mean 383 g/day) and Europeans (mean 435 g/day) but the total duration of alcohol abuse was significantly shorter in South Asians (geometric mean 7.4 years) than Europeans (geometric mean 13.1 years). The geometric mean values for the concentration of carbohydrate-deficient transferrin in the serum were similar in the two ethnic groups. However, the red cell distribution width, the percentages of HbA1a+b, HbA1c and total HbA1 in red cell lysates and the activities of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase in the serum were all significantly higher in the South Asians than Europeans. The data suggest that South Asian men who abuse alcohol may be more susceptible to alcohol-related liver damage and acetaldehyde-mediated haemoglobin modification than European men who abuse alcohol to a similar extent for a considerably longer period.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Murder weapon in a homicide case--signal pen or bullet pen gun?].

Report about a homicide case, where a female taxi driver was killed by a shot through the neck. The partly confessing perpetrator maintained that he had shot the woman by using a signal pen loaded with a signal cartridge. The lethal injuries were not compatible with the averment of the perpetrator. Shooting experiments were performed using the signal pen loaded with signal cartridges as well as using the signal pen connected with a short barrel (= pen gun) and loaded with small-bore bullets (cal. .22). Shots were done through a flash ranging chronograph and to the cervical spines of slaughtered calfs. The ballistic data compared with the wound morphology led to the reconstruction of the homicide.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Ferenczi's Clinical Diary: on loving and hating.

The author considers that Ferenczi's work has had a significant influence both on theorising and on the clinical practice of psychoanalysis. His 'Diary', written with such personal candour and presented with such consistency of reflective orientation, reveals many of the assumptions that found Ferenczi's work and thought. One enormously significant aspect of Ferenczi's work concerns his rendering of hatred and hate-reactions as 'insane' and 'unreal'. This understanding is based on a view of the infant/child as originally non-instinctually-driven, as gentle, tender and, in a definite sense, wise/omniscient. Love between individuals would be the only emotional tie proper to this natural arrangement. Given such a rendering, the interpretation of the significance of the patient's own hate/hatred in the treatment setting is inevitably and necessarily foreclosed. In place of this, the analyst's/Ferenczi's own hatred is revealed in 'mutual analysis' in the hope that through this 'confession' the analyst's emotional failings and limitations may be 'forgiven'. It is argued that this foreclosure of the interpretation and handling of hate in the treatment only increases its persecutory aspect. It is further argued that 'love-offerings' within or even outside of treatment, in any form, are never an adequate response to persecutory hate, and this for precise reasons.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[Evaluation of smoking in chronic severe respiratory insufficiency patients treated with long-term oxygen at home].

Two hundred and fifty patients with chronic respiratory insufficiency (202 men and 48 women), being treated by oxygen therapy at home were included in a study, which aim was to estimate the proportion of patients who were either smokers or exposed to passive smoking, by the use of a questionnaire and measurement of cotininuria. Urinary sample and autoquestionnaire collection was carried out by the nurses of the Lorraine's association of home respiratory assistance. Urinary continine was measured by radio immuno assay. Twenty one smokers, 186 ex-smokers and 43 non-smokers were identified through the questionnaire. Of the 21 self confessed smokers 20 had a urinary cotinine level over 250 ng/ml, 1 smoker lower than 250 ng/ml; among the professed non-smokers, 42 had a level lower than 100 ng/ml and 1 over 250 ng/ml but the contininuria creatinuria ratio classified this latter in the non-smokers non exposed to passive smoking group. Among the 186 declared ex-smokers, 20 over 250 ng/ml were probably smokers, 160 lower than 100 ng/ml could be considered as non-smokers, and finally 100 in between could be assessed as non-smokers exposed to passive smoking. The results enabled 43 smokers (17%) and 5 (2%) exposed to passive smoking to be identified. They confirm the unreliability of smoking habits questionnaires and the importance of cotininuria in the detection of nicotine poisoning.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

African diary.

You must all be wondering how we are getting on with the health centre, I must confess that it's not very fast! Well, anyone who has lived in Africa will not be surprised, things always go slowly. We spent six weeks in England, and virtually nothing happened, although we had left money and instructions. Somebody had begun to dig a deep hole for latrines that we had not asked for. Colin went and had a look and decided it can be made deeper and turned into a well, luckily we got back in time to make the change! We did want toilets constructed but the flush type for in-patients, well it was nearly right. The minister who is supposed to be organising people to work, has had visitors almost ever since we came back and has not found anyone to get on with the building. Some people are busy building new classrooms for the junior school that were not even mentioned before we left.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1997

Laceration of the liver with delayed massive intra-abdominal hemorrhage: a case report of child abuse.

A 3-year-old girl was found unresponsive in the bedroom and expired at a hospital. Autopsy revealed massive intra-abdominal bleeding due to laceration of the liver and mesenterium with multiple rib fractures and multiple fresh and old bruises. The time of the assault causing the liver trauma was questioned because the perpetrator, her mother's boyfriend, denied any outrages on that particular day although he confessed that he had physically abused her for several months. Microscopically, numerous polymorph leucocytes infiltrated exclusively surrounding the lacerated area of the liver. Many hepatocytes were necrotic and cord arrangement of the parenchymal cells was destroyed. There should be a certain time lag between the major assault and massive intra-abdominal hemorrhage, which was not inconsistent with the statement of the perpetrator.

Abdominal Injuries↗