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At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1975

Murine oncornavirus high-molecular-weight RNA structure thermal stepwise dissociation of 70S murine leukemia-sarcoma virus to subunits and low-molecular-weight associated RNAs.

The thermal dissociation into subunits and low-molecular-weight (LMW) associated RNAs of the aggregate structure of 70S RNA of a murine leukemia sarcoma viral complex was studied. By polyacrylamide-agarose gel electrophoresis, it was found that at low temperature a fraction of the genome was converted into an intermediate population of RNA (Im.P) with an apparent molecular weight of 6.6 times 10-6. At higher temperature, the 70S RNA and the Im.P RNA were successively dissociated into two RNA subunits called "I" and "II" and 70S-associated LMW RNAs. The apparent molecular weight of subunit I was about 5 times 10-6 and that of subunit II was about 3.2 times 10-6. The release of 4S, 5S, 5.5S, and 8S RNAs from 70S RNA at various temperatures was studied by composite polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. It was found that the nature of hydrogen bonding to the 70S RNA was different for each LMW RNA species. A possible relationship of the association between the subunits and each 70S-associated LMW RNA, based on their T-m values, is discussed.

Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel↗
PubMed1976

Composition of weight lost during short-term weight reduction. Metabolic responses of obese subjects to starvation and low-calorie ketogenic and nonketogenic diets.

The effects of starvation, an 800-kcal mixed diet and an 800-kcal ketogenic (low carbohydrate-high fat) diet on the composition of weight lost were determined in each of six obese subjects during three 10-day periods. The energy-nitrogen balance method was used to quantify the three measurable components of weight loss; protein, fat, and water. On the 800-kcal ketogenic diet, subjects lost (mean +/- SE) 466.6 +/-51.3 g/day; on the isocaloric mixed diet, which provided carbohydrate and fat in conventional proportions, they lost 277.9+/- 32.1 g/day. Composition of weight lost (percentage) during the ketogenic diet was water 61.2, fat 35.0, protein 3.8. During the mixed diet, composition of loss was water 37.1, fat 59.5, protein 3.4...

Adult↗
PubMed1979

The effect of different extraction procedures on two different molecular weight species of serum NSILA and on the carrier protein of small molecular weight NSILA (NSILA-S).

The influence of Dowex-50 adsorption chromatography on the recovery of two different forms of serum NSILA, large and small mol. wt. NSILA, and on the recovery of the binding protein of the small mol. wt. form was studied and compared with another extraction procedure, gel filtration on Sephadex G-50 in 1 M acetic acid. Partially purified NSILA-S is adsorbed to Dowex-50 at pH 6.8. It can be eluted with 20 mM NH4OH and appears unchanged with regard to its biological activity and molecular weight. Adsorption of 125I-labelled NSILA-S to Dowex-50 does not change its binding characteristics to serum. When serum is chromatographed on Sephedex G-50 in 1 M acetic acid, NSILA is obtained in a large and in a small molecular weight form (NSILA-S). After recombination of the small molecular weight NSILA fraction with the "stripped" serum fraction, which contains large mol. wt. NSILA and a specific carrier protein for NSILA-S, re-chromatography of this mixutre on Sephadex G-50 at neutral pH yields NSILA mostly in the void volume. It adsorbs to Dowex-50. After elution from Dowex, acidic gel filtration on Sephadex G-50 results in an elution pattern which is completely different from that of NSILA-S. Adsorption of serum to Dowex-50 results in a dramatic decrease of the NSILA-S binding activity. It is concluded that Dowex-50 adsorption chromatography of serum 1) inactivates most of the serum NSILA-S binding protein 2) leads to the loss of acid dissociable small mol. wt. NSILA (NSILA-S). Therefore, Dowex-50 adsorption chromatography is not suitable for the subsequent determination or further purification of NSILA-S from whole serum.

Adsorption↗
PubMed1976

[Correlations linking hypophysis and epiphysis volumes to body weight and brain weight in Simian and in man].

The human hypophyseal and epiphyseal volumes are quantitatively conformable to those of the simians studied. In simians and man, the hypophysis is better correlated to body weight and to brain weight than the epiphysis, as already observed by us in other Mammals (Insectivora, Prosimiano, Rodents and Chiroptera). The pineal gland must be correlated to a non essential somatic function that varies from one species to another at constant somatic weight.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Study of an homogeneous population of obeses people and of its regression of weight under hypocaloric diet in hospital. II. - Weight loss (author's transl)].

A study of 79 obese patients who were hospitalized and treated with a low calorie diet demonstrated that the weight loss occurred in a univocal manner, according to a semilogarithmic law. It was not influenced, as far as initial results were concerned, by the age, sex, or morphotype of the patient, or whether weight gain was recent or of long-standing. Factors affecting results, however, are the existence of functional signs, the amount of natriuresis during the first few days, and the quantity of alcohol ingested regularly. Short term results, one month after leaving hospital, appear to be moderate only. A diet supplying 800 calories causes weight loss at the expense of body fat. Individual variations in minimal calorie requirements during the treatment can be used as a basis for prescribing a personalized supplementary diet.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[Molecular weight distribution of hydrolysis products of polyuridylic acid by cobra venom ribonuclease. Preparation of polynucleotides of required molecular weight].

The composition of polyuridilic acid hydrolisis products with mol. weight 400.000--600.000 by endoribonuclease from cobra venom was studied. The molecular weight distribution of products formed at initial stages of hydrolysis was according to the regularities of accidental cleavage of phosphodiether linkages. The sufficient non-statistic regularities due to the high-molecular polynucleotide hydrolysis for the most part during further hydrolysis were observed out of the way of accumulation of oligonucleotides with a polymerity degree of about 15--20. As shown from the oligocytidilates hydrolysis, the velocity of process increased sufficiently with increasing substrate polymerity degree. The results obtained were used for preparation of polyuridilic fractions with a narrow range of molecular weight distribution.

Elapid Venoms↗
PubMed1977

A comparison of the glycosaminoglycans of weight-bearing and non-weight-bearing human dermis.

Twenty-six samples of human skin from three non-weight-bearing and 27 samples from three weight-bearing sites were obtained at autopsy from 11 subjects varying in age from 4 to 91 years. The dermis was idssected free of other tissues and after proteolytic digestion, the glycosaminoglycans were isolated quantitatively by ion-exchange chromatography. Analysis of the preparations showed that there was significantly more glycosaminoglycan in the dermis from weight-bearing sites (p less than 0.001). The major glycosaminoglycans were hyaluronic acid and dermatan sulfate with chondroitin sulfate as a minor component, but the relative proportions of these components were not significantly different in the two sets of samples (p greater than 0.1). It is suggested that the quantity of glycosaminoglycan in the dermis is influenced by the functional requirements of the dermis at that site.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

The perinatal rat: body weight, hematocrit and regional changes in heart weight and lactate dehydrogenase isozyme composition and activity.

Body weight (BW), hematocrit (Hct), heart weight (HW) and cardiac lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity and isozyme pattern were studied in the perinatal rat. BW increased linearly, from 5 days before birth till 10 days after birth, while Hct increased from 30 to 34% within 1 day of birth. HW increased in step with BW. However, the relative contribution to total HW of right ventricle (RV), interventricular septum (S) and atria declined relative to the left ventricle free wall (LVW) beginning 2 to 3 days before birth. RV/LVW declined steadily throughout the study period. LDH specific activity in LVW, RV, S and atria increased greatly prior to birth and less so afterwards, with atria showing the lowest values throughout the study. Total LDH activity in each portion of the heart paralleled the respective regional weight changes. LDH isozyme composition (percent M subunit) declined at the time of birth in LVW, RV and S from 63 to 43%; change in atrial M subunit was smaller. The change in LDH isozyme composition could be accounted for in LVW, RV and S by increasing H subunit activity alone. In atria, both M and H subunit activity increased.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

The status at two years of low-birth-weight infants born in 1974 with birth weights of less than 1,001 gm.

A two-year follow-up study of 43 infants of birth weight less than or equal to 1,000 gm born during 1974 revealed the following: average height at two years was between the tenth and twenty-fifth percentiles; average weight between the third and tenth percentiles. Fifteen (35%) developed lower respiratory tract infections during the first two years. Seven (16%) had retrolental fibroplasia. Major neurologic defects occurred in four (9%); severe developmental delay (mean developmental quotient less than 80) was found in nine others (21%). Defects of the central nervous system were closely associated with a neonatal history of intracranial hemorrhage or seizures or both.

Body Height↗
PubMed1979

Variation of serum ferritin in low birth weight infants with maternal ferritin, birth weight and gestational age.

Serum ferritin measured at birth in 69 low birth weight infants proved to vary with gestational age as well as with weight. The increase with gestational age was even more striking when the infants small for gestational age were excluded. The relation between maternal and infant serum ferritin concentration was investigated for 2 groups of infants and their mothers (*preterm and term infants, respectively). Neither in preterm nor in term infants was the serum ferritin found to vary with that in the respective mothers.

Birth Weight↗
PubMed1975

Responsibility of the obstetrician to the fetus. II. Influence of prepregnancy weight and pregnancy weight gain on birthweight.

The diet of pregnant women has been restricted in various ways since earliest history. Dietary restriction may have severely deleterious effects on the fetus. Our study revealed a positive correlation of prepregnancy weight and pregnancy weight gain to term infant birthweight. Their influences are independent and additive. It is of the utmost importance to the fetus and the future of the human race that the diet of pregnant women contain the caloric value and essential nutrients recommended by the National Research Council.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Weight and skinfold variation at menarche and the critical body weight hypothesis.

The weight and skinfolds of 36 longitudinally studied British girls were analysed to determine their variability from two years pre-menarche to two years post-menarche. If the critical body weight hypothesis of Frisch and Revelle (1970) is true, a reduction in the variability of these parameters would be expected at menarche compared to times before and after this event. No such reductions in variability were apparent.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1978

Characterization of human high molecular weight kininogen. Procoagulant activity associated with the light chain of kinin-free high molecular weight kininogen.

Human high molecular weight (HMW) kininogen has been isolated and was found to be a single chain protein of approximately equal to 120,000 daltons. Upon digestion with plasma kallikrein bradykinin is generated, and SDS gel electrophoresis of the kinin-free protein reveals an apparent loss in size of 15,000 daltons. The kinin-free kininogen retains full activity as a coagulation factor and consists of two chains: a heavy chain of approximately equal to 66,000 daltons disulfide-linked to a light chain of 37,000 daltons. The heavy chain of HMW kininogen shares antigenic determinants with LMW kininogen and possesses no detectable coagulant activity. The isolated light chain is shown to be responsible for the coagulant activity of HMW kininogen and contains a unique antigenic determinant that distinguishes HMW kininogen from low molecular weight kininogen.

Blood Coagulation Factors↗
PubMed1977

Circulating levels of pregnancy-specific beta1-glycoprotein and human placental lactogen in the third trimester of pregnancy: their relationship to parity, birth weight, and placental weight.

Circulating levels of pregnancy-specific beta1-glycoprotein (SP1) and human placental lactogen (HPL) were measured in 153 normal subjects during the third trimester of pregnancy. The levels of SP1 and HPL showed a skewed distribution and rose progressively to reach a plateau by the 36th week. The normal range was calculated by ranking the data and division into centiles as well as by logarithmic transformation of the values. A low but significant correlation was observed between SP1 and HPL levels, SP1 and birth weight. There was also a correlation between HPL levels and placental weight.

Birth Weight↗
PubMed1976

Clinical longitudinal standards for height, weight, height velocity, weight velocity, and stages of puberty.

New charts for height, weight, height velocity, and weight velocity are presented for clinical (as opposed to population survey) use. They are based on longitudinal-type growth curves, using the same data as in the British 1965 growth standards. In the velocity standards centiles are given for children who are early- and late-maturing as well as for those who mature at the average age (thus extending the use of the previous charts). Limits of normality for the age of occurrence of the adolescent growth spurt are given and also for the successive stages of penis, testes, and pubic hair development in boys, and for stages of breast and pubic hair development in girls.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Flaujeac factor deficiency. Reconstitution with highly purified bovine high molecular weight-kininogen and delineation of a new permeability-enhancing peptide released by plasma kallikrein from bovine high molecular weight-kininogen.

Flaujeac trait is the functional deficiency of a plasma protein of the intrinsic coagulation, kinin-forming, and plasma fibrinolytic pathways. The Flaujeac factor in man has been isolated and tentatively identified as a kininogen of high molecular weight (HMW). Highly purified bovine HMW-kininogen, but not bovine low molecular weight kininogen, repaired Flaujeac factor deficiency. The two subspecies of this molecule, HMW-kininogen a and HMW-kininogen b, also corrected Flaujeac factor deficiency. When bovine HMW-kininogen was incubated with bovine plasma kallikrein, kinin-free HMW-kininogen, bradykinin, and a glycopeptide fragment (peptide 1-2; 12,584 daltons) were rapidly released. None of these fragmentation products corrected Flaujeac factor deficiency alone or in mixtures. The function of HMW-kininogen appeared to depend upon the structural integrity of the native molecule. When injected in concentrations of 2 pmol-8 nmol/0.1 ml, peptide 1-2 caused increased vascular permeability in rabbits, rats, or guinea pigs. The enhanced permeability was maximal within 1-2 min and terminated in 5-10 min, differing from that of bradykinin or histamine. Injected together in equimolar amounts, peptide 1-2 and bradykinin produced a synergistic permeability response which was immediate in onset as well as prolonged in duration. Peptide 1-2 is a rapidly acting, highly basic glyco-peptide which mediates increased vascular permeability in a complementary and synergistic manner with bradykinin.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Conversion of high molecular weight human epidermal growth factor (hEGF)/urogastrone (UG) to small molecular weight hEGF/UG by mouse EGF-associated arginine esterase.

Human epidermal growth factor (hEGF) has previously been isolated from urine and appears to be identical to beta-urogastrone (UG), an inhibitor of stimulated gastric acid secretion. A high molecular weight (HMW) form of hEGF/UG has recently been found in human urine which is fully immunoreactive but is less bioactive as measured by receptor binding activity. A specific arginine esterase, the EGF-binding protein from mouse submandibular glands, was capable of cleaving HMW-hEGF to yield a small molecular weight (SMW)-hEGF with full immunoreactivity and bioactivity, whereas trypsin produced a SMW-hEGF with much less bioactivity. SMW-hEGF produced by the arginine esterase appeared to be immunologically, biologically (both by receptor binding and mitogenic activity) and chromatographically similar to highly purified hEGF. These data suggest that HMW-hEGF may play a precursor role in the biosynthesis of hEGF/UG in man.

Animals↗