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At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed2003

Postcementation hypersensitivity: scientific data versus dentists' perceptions.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this article was to obtain dentists' opinions via an Internet survey as to the prevalence, causes, and prevention of postcementation sensitivity and compare their responses with published data on the problem. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Information as to respondents opinions of postcementation sensitivity was obtained from an Internet survey asking about their experience and for a ranking of the importance of each of 15 factors. RESULTS: A total of 466 valid responses were received. The incidence of postcementation sensitivity was estimated to be less than 2% by more than 2/3 of the dentists. The factors considered "very important" in reducing sensitivity by more than 50% of the respondents were desiccation, luting agent, occlusion, provisional, and water spray. CONCLUSIONS: Comparing respondents' opinions with published clinical studies, the incidence of postcementation sensitivity appears to be underestimated. There is little published evidence to support the importance of antimicrobials, desensitizing, or bonding agents, although these are considered effective by some dentists. Many respondents consider luting agent to be an important variable.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Emerging bacterial pathogens: a consensus of the scientific data and the risk for development of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome.

Antibiotic resistance in the hospital setting is continuing to increase, particularly in intensive care units (ICUs) and other areas of the hospital such as oncology units, where the use of empiric broad-spectrum antibiotics is common. The problem of antibiotic resistance is also compounded in the immunocompromised patient. Multi-drug resistance is common among both Gram-positive and -negative bacteria, and becoming more prevalent among fungi (yeast). Two major antibiotic-resistant pathogens include extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (ESBL-KP) and vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE). When infections occur with ESBL-KP, a carbapenem antibiotic is usually the drug of choice. When infection occurs with VRE, specific therapy is bacteriostatic, and the clinician may have to rely on empirically selected antibiotics or combinations of antibiotics to achieve a positive outcome. Two newly-approved agents, linezolid and quinupristin/dalfopristin can be used to treat infections caused by resistant gram-positive cocci, but the latter is approved for use against VR-E. faecium. Risk factors for the development of ESBL-KP include the use of extended-spectrum cephalosporins such as ceftazidime. Risk factors for the development of VRE include inappropriate use of vancomycin, extended-spectrum cephalosporins, and antianaerobic drug therapy such as clindamycin. Several institutions have documented a reduction in one or both of these resistant pathogens following a decrease in the use of extended-spectrum cephalosporins combined with the increased use of extended-spectrum penicillins/beta-lactamase inhibitor combinations, such as piperacillin/tazobactam, for the empiric therapy of infections. For VRE, a reduction in the inappropriate use of vancomycin is also an important interventional strategy along with improved infection control practice.

Drug Resistance, Bacterial↗
PubMed2002

Should ICSI be the treatment of choice for all cases of in-vitro conception? No, not in light of the scientific data.

There is an ongoing debate among reproductive endocrinologists and embryologists about the indications for ICSI in the management of the infertile couple. Analysis of published results indicates that there are no data to suggest that ICSI should be performed in all cases of in-vitro conception. If the results of the basic semen analysis and sperm function tests demonstrate an impairment of sperm fertilizing capacity, couples should be directed to ICSI. In cases of previous fertilization failure, ICSI usually results in an improved outcome. This suggests the presence of 'occult' male or female gamete defects that can be bypassed by ICSI. We stress that efforts should be geared toward the identification of the aetiology and pathophysiology of sperm and oocyte lesions/dysfunctions responsible for fertilization impairment and their potential contributions to defective embryogenesis. A better definition of the indications for ICSI is needed, together with the development of directed, simpler, less expensive and safer alternatives.

Female↗