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PubMed2005

Diagnostic performances of anti-cyclic citrullinated peptides antibody and antifilaggrin antibody in Korean patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic autoimmune disease of unknown etiology. We studied the diagnostic performances of anti-cyclic citrullinated peptides antibody (anti-CCP) assay and recombinant anti-citrullinated filaggrin antibody (AFA) assay by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in patients with RA in Korea. Diagnostic performances of the anti-CCP assay and AFA assay were compared with that of rheumatoid factor (RF) latex fixation test. RF, anti-CCP, and AFA assays were performed in 324 RA patients, 251 control patients, and 286 healthy subjects. The optimal cut off values of each assay were determined at the maximal point of area under the curve by receiver-operator characteristics (ROC) curve. Sensitivity (72.8%) and specificity (92.0%) of anti-CCP were better than those of AFA (70.3%, 70.5%), respectively. The diagnostic performance of RF showed a sensitivity of 80.6% and a specificity of 78.5%. Anti-CCP and AFA showed positivity in 23.8% and 17.3% of seronegative RA patients, respectively. In conclusion, we consider that anti-CCP could be very useful serological assay for the diagnosis of RA, because anti-CCP revealed higher diagnostic specificity than RF and AFA at the optimal cut off values and could be performed by easy, convenient ELISA method.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

Diagnostic performance of CT versus MR in detecting aldosterone-producing adenoma in primary hyperaldosteronism (Conn's syndrome).

The aim of the present study is to compare the diagnostic performance of CT and MR imaging in detecting aldosterone-producing adenoma and to compare the interobserver variability in the detection of an aldosterone-producing adenoma on CT and MR. A retrospective study of 34 patients with primary hyperaldosteronism was performed. A total of 17 cases of aldosterone-producing adenoma and 17 cases of bilateral adrenal hyperplasia were included. The final diagnosis of an adenoma was made by surgery with histological confirmation, whereas that of bilateral adrenal hyperplasia was made on adrenal venous sampling or a good biochemical and clinical response following medical treatment alone and in the absence of a unilateral radiological abnormality. The CT (n=30) and MR (n=24) scans were reviewed independently by two radiologists experienced in adrenal imaging, who were unaware of the cause of the primary hyperaldosteronism. The diagnostic performances of both observers in detecting an aldosterone-producing adenoma on CT and MR imaging were compared. The 16 adenomatous nodules that were detected on imaging ranged from 1 to 4.75 cm in diameter. The calculated sensitivity and specificity for detecting aldosterone-producing adenoma were 87 and 93% for one observer and 85 and 82% for the other observer on CT, and 83 and 83% for one observer and 92 and 92% for the other observer on MR, respectively. Receptor operating characteristics curve analysis showed similar performances of both observers in detecting an aldosterone-producing adenoma on CT and MR imaging. There was good interobserver agreement on CT (k=0.71) and on MR (k=0.67). We have demonstrated comparable diagnostic performance and good interobserver agreement on CT and MR imaging for the detection of aldosterone-producing adenoma.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1997

Epiluminescence microscopy of small pigmented skin lesions: short-term formal training improves the diagnostic performance of dermatologists.

BACKGROUND: Epiluminescence microscopy (ELM) makes subsurface structures of the skin accessible for in vivo examination and provides additional criteria for the clinical diagnosis of pigmented skin lesions (PSLs). We demonstrated that ELM increases diagnostic sensitivity in dermatologists formally trained in the use of this technique but decreases diagnostic ability in dermatologists not formally trained in its application. OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to determine the effects of short formal ELM training on the diagnostic performance of 11 previously untrained dermatologists. METHODS: One hundred image-pairs of randomly selected histologically proven PSLs, photographed with (ELM) and without oil immersion (surface microscopy), were presented by slide projection to the testees. To evaluate the effects on diagnostic performance before and after short-term training, we used the receiver-operator characteristics technique. RESULTS: Without training the use of ELM did not enhance diagnostic accuracy, but rather decreased it in 8 of 11 testees. In contrast, after 9 hours of formal training in ELM the diagnostic performance of the testees was significantly enhanced with an average gain of 8.4%. CONCLUSION: Our data confirm that formal training is required for the useful application of the ELM technique.

Austria↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Diagnostic performance of virtual colonoscopy.

The most important diagnostic performance of virtual colonoscopy is the ability to detect colorectal polyps. However, its diagnostic value for evaluation of patients undergoing incomplete colonoscopy and the ability to detect unsuspected extracolonic findings are also important diagnostic features. Because of important differences between published patient populations, a meta-analysis combining data from different studies would not provide a reliable statistic. The by-patient sensitivity for patients with polyps 10 mm and larger ranges from 75% to 100% in most series and was 100% in the two largest series published to date. By-polyp sensitivity for polyps 10 mm and larger ranges from 50% to 100% and was 89-90% in the two largest series. Detailed data on smaller polyps are summarized. Virtual colonoscopy is an excellent test for evaluation of patients with incomplete colonoscopies. The incidence of significant extracolonic findings is 7-13%.

Colon↗
PubMed2025

Diagnostic performance of the Sanity 2.0 assay to detect resistance to rifampicin, isoniazid, and fluoroquinolones in tuberculosis.

UNLABELLED: Effective tuberculosis (TB) management relies on prompt diagnosis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) and associated drug resistance. The Sanity 2.0 assay is a high-resolution melting assay designed for direct respiratory sample testing, enabling simultaneous detection of MTBC and resistance to rifampicin (RIF), isoniazid (INH), and fluoroquinolones (FQ) in a single step. This study evaluated its diagnostic performance in two registered multicenter trials among bacteriologically confirmed TB patients. Diagnostic performance was evaluated for MTBC detection, as well as for the identification of resistance to RIF, INH, and FQ, using phenotypic drug susceptibility testing, whole-genome sequencing, and a composite reference standard. Agreement analyses were conducted between the Sanity 2.0 assay and Xpert MTB/RIF and Xpert MTB/XDR. Among 611 patients, the Sanity 2.0 assay detected MTBC in 563 patients, exhibiting a sensitivity of 92.1% (95% CI: 89.7-94.0). For detecting resistance to RIF, INH, and FQ, sensitivities exceeded 90%, with specificities of 95.8% (95% CI: 88.5-98.6), 100.0% (95% CI: 96.4-100.0), and 97.8% (95% CI: 93.8-99.3) against the composite reference standard, respectively. The agreement with Xpert MTB/RIF for RIF detection was 98.6% (95% CI: 96.9-99.3). For INH and FQ resistance, the agreement with Xpert MTB/XDR was 92.0% (95% CI: 88.5-94.5) and 94.3% (95% CI: 91.2-96.3), respectively. The Sanity 2.0 assay is a rapid and user-friendly platform capable of detecting both MTBC and key drug resistance. It demonstrated good diagnostic performance and could potentially be an effective alternative to guide individualized anti-TB treatment, especially in resource-limited settings. IMPORTANCE: Rapid and accurate detection of both Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) and key drug resistance is critical to improving tuberculosis treatment outcomes and reducing transmission. However, current molecular diagnostic workflows often require sequential testing, which can delay the initiation of effective and individualized therapy. We evaluated the Sanity 2.0 assay, an integrated high-resolution melting test that simultaneously detects MTBC and resistance to rifampicin, isoniazid, and fluoroquinolone resistance directly from respiratory samples in about 2-3 hours. The assay demonstrated excellent performance, with MTBC detection sensitivity of 92.1% and drug resistance sensitivities exceeding 90% and specificities over 95% against a composite reference standard, as well as strong concordance with World Health Organization-endorsed molecular assays. Implementation of the Sanity 2.0 assay could streamline TB diagnostic workflows; enable rapid, single-step resistance profiling; and facilitate timely, individualized treatment-particularly in resource-limited settings where rapid and comprehensive resistance testing remains a critical unmet need.

Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of training and experience on radiologic diagnostic performance in midfacial trauma.

In a retrospective approach the medical records and radiographs of 618 patients with midfacial trauma were reviewed by radiologists who were classified into four groups according to the length of their training and experience. Initially reported diagnoses were compared with discharge diagnoses, and the impact of training and experience on diagnostic performance was assessed. The same parameters were also investigated in a prospective study. Neither of the investigations revealed any statistically significant improvement in diagnostic performance with increased training and experience. After the basic radiologic education, innate perceptive and cognitive abilities seem to have a larger influence on radiologic diagnostic performance than training and experience.

Facial Bones↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Diagnostic performance of helical CT angiography in trauma to large arteries of the extremities.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this work was to assess the performance of helical CT angiography (CTA) in the diagnosis of injuries to large arteries of the extremities. METHOD: We performed helical CTA on 45 consecutive patients referred for conventional angiography for evaluation of suspected arterial injuries after sustaining trauma to the extremities (13 upper, 32 lower). Two radiologists interpreted the helical CTA studies independently. Diagnostic performance parameters evaluated included sensitivity, specificity, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, and interobserver agreement (kappa statistics). Conventional angiography was used as the standard of reference for determination of final diagnoses. RESULTS: Forty-three of 45 patients (96%) had diagnostic helical CTA examinations. Final diagnoses in these 43 patients were arterial occlusion (n = 7), partial obstruction (n = 3), pseudoaneurysm (n = 5), arteriovenous fistula (n = 1), pseudoaneurysm and arteriovenous fistula (n = 3), and normal findings (n = 24). Sensitivity and specificity were 90% [95% confidence interval (CI), 80-99] and 100% (95% CI, 99-100), respectively, for Reader 1 and 100% (95% CI, 99-100) and 100% (95% CI, 99-100), respectively, for Reader 2. ROC curve analysis revealed high diagnostic performance, with areas under the curve of >0.9 for both readers. Interobserver agreement was 0.9. CONCLUSION: The diagnostic performance of helical CTA for detection of major injuries of large arteries of the extremities is high.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Comparison of the diagnostic performance of high-frequency ultrasound as a first- or second-line diagnostic tool in non-palpable lesions of the breast.

To compare the diagnostic performance of high-frequency ultrasound (HFU) as a first- or second-line diagnostic tool in non-palpable lesions (NPL) of the breast and to define the place of HFU in the diagnostic process, 89 women with this kind of lesion, previously detected by mammography, underwent HFU with 7.5-13 MHz transducers. The examinations were performed by two equally experienced operators of which only one (operator I) was aware of the mammographic findings. The mammographic examinations revealed the following non-palpable lesions: asymmetry-hyperdensity (17 cases), nodule (44 cases), stellate lesion (5 cases), microcalcifications (23 cases). Total sensitivity of HFU in the examinations performed by operator I was 83 %, while in the examinations performed by operator II (unaware of the mammographic findings) it was only 35 %. In all cases HFU allowed the operators to determine the basic features of the lesions. Our experience confirms that ultrasonography, even if performed with high frequency, cannot be proposed as a screening examination but may profitably be employed as a second-step technique to characterize NPL previously identified by mammography. This 'second-step' role can do the following: rule out true pathology (cases of false-positive mammography findings); furnish some basic features in the case of focal lesions; show other findings in the case of microcalcifications, such as microcysts, 'filled duct' appearance, parenchymal inhomogeneities and nodules; guide interventional procedures; and localize lesions preoperatively.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed2007

Diagnostic performance of pyogenic vertebral osteomyelitis.

OBJECTIVE: Early diagnosis of pyogenic vertebral osteomyelitis (PVO) is frequently difficult. There are, however, few studies that have investigated the diagnostic performance of PVO in Japan. Our aim was to analyze the diagnostic performance and identify clinical factors associated with the diagnostic delay of PVO. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed hospital-based retrospective case analysis. All patients with PVO were identified from the computerized medical database at Okinawa Chubu Hospital in Okinawa, Japan, from January 1985 to December 2004. We collected the following data; baseline information; laboratory tests; clinical and microbiologic outcomes; and diagnostic process. We used multivariable-adjusted linear regression to identify significant factors associated with patient and hospital delay to the diagnosis of PVO. RESULTS: We reviewed total of 209,428 patients hospitalized during the 20-year study period. Of those, we identified 51 patients with PVO. Eighty percent of these patients were misdiagnosed at their initial clinical encounters. Median duration from the symptom onset to the diagnosis was 19 days. Median durations of patient factor and hospital factor that contributed to the total delay were 1 and 8 days, respectively. Significant patient factor that contributed to delay was cognitive dysfunction. CONCLUSIONS: Cognitive dysfunction is a risk factor for patient delay for visiting physicians in patients with PVO. Diagnosis of PVO is difficult at the initial clinical encounter. High index of suspicion is needed for more rapid diagnosis of PVO.

Adult↗
PubMed2025

Personalizing CA125 Levels Using Tumor Marker Variants: A Case-Control Analysis of Diagnostic Performance for Pancreatic Cancer.

BACKGROUND: Cancer antigen 125 (CA125) is widely recognized as a useful biomarker for the surveillance of patients with ovarian and other cancers. Prior genome-wide association studies have identified variants that influence CA125 levels. We evaluated the utility of stratifying CA125 levels by such variants and evaluated diagnostic performance in control subjects and patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). METHODS: We measured CA125 levels in 807 control subjects and 450 patients with PDAC and genotyped 10 variants involving four genes (GAL3ST2, MSLN, D2HGDH, and MUC16). We compared CA125 levels in controls by variant and generated variant-defined CA125 cutoffs and then classified cases and controls into functional groups based on their variant profile. We used this variant classification to evaluate the diagnostic performance of CA125 in patients with PDAC. RESULTS: Six variants associated with CA125 levels were used to group controls into one of four groups. Mean CA125 levels in the highest variant group were approximately fourfold higher than in the lowest group. African Americans were more likely to have a variant group associated with low CA125 levels. After setting diagnostic cutoffs by variant group, the diagnostic sensitivity of CA125 for PDAC was 20.2% at 98% specificity (areas under the ROC curve, 0.702), not significantly different from a uniform CA125 diagnostic cutoff (areas under the ROC curve, 0.700). CONCLUSIONS: Gene variants can be used to generate personalized CA125 reference ranges. This approach did not significantly improve CA125's diagnostic performance for pancreatic cancer, but it merits evaluation in other diagnostic settings, such as detecting ovarian cancer. IMPACT: Gene variants can be used to personalize CA125 levels.

Humans↗
PubMed2006

Accelerated 4D dobutamine stress MR imaging with k-t BLAST: feasibility and diagnostic performance.

PURPOSE: To prospectively determine feasibility and diagnostic performance (with angiography as reference standard) of k-space and time (k-t) broad-use linear acquisition speed-up technique (k-t BLAST) cine imaging during dobutamine stress for identification of inducible cardiac wall motion abnormalities. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was conducted according to standards of the Charité and Virchow-Klinikum Ethics Committee. Patients gave written consent. Dobutamine stress magnetic resonance (MR) imaging was conducted in 65 patients (mean age, 63 years +/- 9 [standard deviation]; 49 men) with conventional cine steady-state free precession (SSFP). Accelerated four-dimensional (4D) k-t BLAST single-breath-hold imaging with complete left ventricular (LV) coverage was also performed at rest and during stress. For the cine SSFP and accelerated cine techniques, duration of imaging at rest and LV end-diastolic volume and ejection fraction were assessed. Segmental agreement for resting and inducible wall motion abnormalities was determined. In a subgroup (n = 40), direct comparison between SSFP and accelerated cine was performed for coronary stenosis detection. A paired Student t test was used to assess significance of continuous variables. Pearson correlation was used to test correlation between the techniques. Sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic accuracy were calculated (standard definitions). For quantitative measurement of agreement, Cohen kappa was applied. RESULTS: For accelerated cine, imaging duration at rest was shortened by 40%. Correlations between cine SSFP and accelerated cine for LV parameters were 135 mL +/- 37 versus 129 mL +/- 31 (r = 0.89) for end-diastolic volume and 59% +/- 8 versus 58% +/- 7 (r = 0.95) for ejection fraction. kappa Values for segmental wall motion at rest and stress ranged from 0.77 to 0.91. Sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic accuracy for coronary stenosis (>or=50%) detection based on arterial territory were 82%, 87%, and 86%, respectively, for cine SSFP and 82%, 86%, and 85%, respectively, for accelerated cine imaging. CONCLUSION: Accelerated 4D k-t BLAST wall motion imaging at rest and at dobutamine stress is rapid and feasible; LV measurements were nearly identical between the imaging approaches. Segmental wall motion analysis at rest and at stress show excellent agreement and reliable depiction of myocardial territories supplied by coronary arteries with 50% or more luminal narrowing.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Diagnostic performance: a comparative study of the leukocyte differential count on four automated haematology analysers.

The diagnostic performance of the haematology analysers, Technicon H1, Sysmex NE 8000, Coulter STKS and Sequoia Cell Dyn 3000 was determined by comparing their results for automated differential counting with the result obtained for 400 cells by the manual microscopic method. These comparative studies were performed on a group of adults, containing both normal individuals (n = 150) and those affected by various pathologies (n = 113). The number of morphologically false negatives is low for all the systems (from 1.8% for the Cell Dyn 3000 to 6.2% for the NE 8000), while the number of distributionally false negatives was slightly higher (from 4.4% for the Cell Dyn 3000 to 7% for the H1 and NE 8000). The morphological flags, though useful for improving the diagnostic performance of the instruments, show a rather modest sensitivity when taken individually: immature granulocytes/bands from 71% for the STKS to 43% for the NE 8000; blasts from 66.6% for the H1 to 53.3% for the STKS, atypical lymphocytes from 59% for the H1 to 13.6% for the NE 8000; erythroblasts from 42.8% for the STKS to 7% for the NE 8000.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Spiral CT colonography: reader agreement and diagnostic performance with two- and three-dimensional image-display techniques.

PURPOSE: To assess the diagnostic performance and reader agreement with two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) display techniques for detecting colorectal polyps with spiral computed tomographic (CT) colonography. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A test set of 30 colonic segments was developed from spiral CT colonographic studies (12 with polyps and 18 without). The 12 segments with polyps contained 22 lesions (11 polyps <10 mm, 11 polyps or cancers >/=10 mm), with all findings verified with colonoscopy. Three specific 2D and 3D image-display techniques were tested. Three experienced abdominal radiologists independently analyzed each test case and were retested 6 weeks later. RESULTS: The results of readings 1 and 2 were similar for all image-display techniques among the readers. Pooled segment results were sensitivity of 89%-92% and specificity of 72%-83%. Pooled polyp size results for sensitivity and positive predictive value were 77%-86% and 74%-86% (all polyps, n = 22), 91%-100% and 85%-100% (polyps or cancers >10 mm, n = 11), and 61%-73% and 61%-80% (polyps 5-9 mm, n = 11), respectively. Overall intraobserver agreement was good for the three display techniques (kappa, 0.60-1.00); however, interobserver agreement for 2D multiplanar reformation was lower (kappa, 0.53-0.80). CONCLUSION: Among experienced abdominal radiologists, similar diagnostic performance in polyp detection was found among 2D multiplanar reformation and 3D display techniques, although individual cases showed improved characterization with 3D display techniques. Evaluation of reader agreement demonstrated good intraobserver agreement, with variable interobserver agreement.

Colon↗
PubMed2005

Diagnostic performance of a 3-D automated quantification method of dopamine D2 receptor SPECT studies in the differential diagnosis of parkinsonism.

BACKGROUND: Assessment of post-synaptic D2 receptors with 123I-IBZM SPECT is helpful in distinguishing idiopathic (IPS) from other parkinsonian syndromes (non-IPS). AIM: To evaluate the diagnostic performance of a recently introduced three-dimensional automated quantification method in a large group of parkinsonian patients. METHODS: IBZM SPECT was performed in 101 consecutive patients with IPS (n = 49) and non-IPS (n = 52). Striatal/frontal cortex binding ratios were assessed by a standard manual quantification method and by the automated method. For the latter patient studies were registered to a mean template of healthy controls (n = 13). IBZM binding was calculated from a 3-D volume-of-interest map established on the normal template. The diagnostic performance of the automated and manual approaches were assessed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses. RESULTS: Specific striatal binding ratios of both quantification methods showed a close linear relationship (y = 0.81x + 0.1188; R2 = 0.8062). At optimal decision thresholds sensitivity and specificity were 87% and 90% for the automated, and 85% and 90% for the manual method, respectively. The area under the ROC curve was 0.92 for the automated and 0.93 for the manual method, showing no statistical difference. The area under the ROC curve corresponding to a false positive fraction from 0% to 20% was 0.163 for the automated and 0.166 for the manual evaluation. CONCLUSIONS: The diagnostic performance of an automated 3-D quantification method for IBZM SPECT studies has been shown to be equal to, or even better than, a standard manual technique. Advantages of automated quantifications are observer independence and fast processing times. This method may be also used as a platform for processing large data sets/multicentre studies in order to objectively evaluate basal ganglia disorders.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Natriuretic peptides as markers of mild forms of left ventricular dysfunction: effects of assays on diagnostic performance of markers.

BACKGROUND: We compared the performance of different natriuretic peptides to diagnose mild forms of left ventricular dysfunction (LVD) and investigated the influence of measuring B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) and N-terminal proBNP (NT-proBNP) with different assays on the diagnostic performance of these markers. METHODS: We measured BNP (Triage BNP), NT-proBNP (Biomedica), and N-terminal pro-A-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proANP; Biomedica) in 130 consecutive patients (age range, 28-83 years) with clinically suspected mild LVD. In patients with sufficient sample volume, we measured BNP and NT-proBNP with additional assays (Shionoria and Roche, respectively). RESULTS: For identifying patients with mild systolic LVD, BNP and NT-proBNP were the best markers, with mean (95% confidence interval) areas under the curves (AUC) of 0.78 (0.63-0.89) and 0.75 (0.58-0.87), respectively. However, the diagnostic performance of NT-proANP [AUC, 0.64 (0.48-0.77)] was significantly worse than that of BNP (P = 0.014). Both BNP assays (Triage and Shionoria) and both NT-proBNP assays (Biomedica and Roche) performed equally well for the diagnosis of systolic LVD despite the poor agreement between NT-proBNP assays. In patients with isolated diastolic LVD, the diagnostic performance of the Triage BNP [AUC, 0.70 (0.56-0.81)] was significantly better (P = 0.006) than that of Biomedica NT-proBNP [0.49 (0.34-0.65)]. Furthermore, the performance of the Biomedica NT-proBNP assay was significantly worse (P = 0.03) than that of the Roche NT-proBNP assay for diagnosis of isolated diastolic LVD. CONCLUSIONS: The performance of BNP for the diagnosis of systolic or diastolic LVD is not affected by the assay used, whereas the performance of NT-proBNP for the diagnosis of isolated diastolic LVD is assay dependent.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Rotator cuff tears: diagnostic performance of MR imaging.

To determine the diagnostic performance of magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in the evaluation of suspected rotator cuff tears, eight asymptomatic volunteers and 32 patients with rotator cuff tendonopathy who underwent surgery were examined with MR imaging. Twenty-four of these patients also underwent contrast arthrography. The ability of MR imaging to depict the size of cuff tears and the quality of torn tendon edges was also evaluated. The MR imaging and arthrographic studies were reviewed without knowledge of surgical results or of the other studies. A scoring system was developed and a score assigned to each patient's MR study. The sensitivity of MR imaging for all tears (partial and full thickness) was 0.91, and the specificity was 0.88; whereas the sensitivity and specificity of arthrography were each 0.71. The scoring system improved the sensitivity to 1.0 and the specificity to 0.92. Linear regression analysis showed excellent correlation between preoperative assessment of the size of rotator cuff tears and measurement at surgery (r = .95).

Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

An in vitro comparison of a combined FOTI/visual examination of occlusal caries with other caries diagnostic methods and the effect of stain on their diagnostic performance.

The aims of this in vitro study were to compare the combination of FOTI and visual inspection to other diagnostic methods for the detection and evaluation of the depth of occlusal caries and assess the effect of stain on diagnostic performance. Five diagnostic methods (combined FOTI/Visual (CFV), Visual, FOTI, DIAGNOdent and Electrical Caries Monitor) were considered. Histological validation was performed in the 152 occlusal molar sites (111 teeth) using 350-microm sections and a stereomicroscope. The rank correlation coefficients with histology ranged from 0.42 (DIAGNOdent) to 0.66 (CFV). The area under the ROC curves (AUC) for enamel lesions ranged from 0.82 (ECM) to 0.88 (CFV) and from 0.81 (DIAGNOdent) to 0.91 (CFV) for dentine lesions. The AUC at the dentine level for CFV and FOTI were similar (p > 0.05), but the AUC for CFV was significantly greater than for visual (p < 0.001), DIAGNOdent (p = 0.005) and the ECM (p = 0.04). FOTI was found to be particularly useful for the detection of dentine lesions. The exclusion of stain and brown spot lesions improved performance for all methods. It is concluded that CFV is useful for the determination of occlusal lesion depth and that in the presence of stain and brown spot lesions different cut-off points may be required for the ECM and DIAGNOdent to identify dentine lesions.

Area Under Curve↗
PubMed1991

Low MMPI diagnostic performance for the DSM-III--R obsessive-compulsive personality disorder.

This study investigated the diagnostic performance of the MMPI validity and clinical scales, and especially of Scale 7 (Pt), for the DSM-IIII--R obsessive-compulsive personality disorder by comparing the MMPI variables for 24 obsessive-compulsive with those for 58 nonobsessive-compulsive inpatients. Both groups were diagnosed by semistructured interview (SCID-II). The obsessive-compulsive group obtained for the mean MMPI profile a 2-(6-1) (D-Pa-Hs) code, with a tendency for a lowered Scale 4 (Pd) score, compared to the nonobsessive-compulsive group. Neither the ROC analysis of the individual MMPI scales, including Scale 7 (Pt), nor the analyses of frequency of two-point codes and elevated (T greater than 69) scales showed any clear indications of good diagnostic performance for the DSM-III--R obsessive-compulsive personality disorder.

Adolescent↗