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At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed2004

Diagnostically generated anterior tooth preparation for adhesively retained porcelain restorations: rationale and technique.

A diagnostically based protocol for anterior tooth preparations for adhesively retained porcelain restorations offers dentists and laboratory technicians new options to approaching these restorations. Rather than designing a preparation and restoration based more on the needs of the products used than on the preservation of the remaining tooth structure, practitioners can enhance the predictability of these restorations by concentrating simultaneously on three distinct zones of the tooth (incisal, middle, and cervical) and four diagnostic categories (periodontal, biomechanical, functional, and dentofacial). The result of following the technique presented in this article is achieving an individualized design that offers a predictable option with minimal risks to the remaining tooth structure.

Cementation↗
PubMed1995

High velocity air microabrasion for conservative tooth preparation: the principle and the clinical procedure.

Various technologies within the dental armamentarium are applied to achieve the precise tooth preparations required for the different types of restorations. This article reintroduces the air microabrasion technique, which was first presented in 1945. The popular use of this technique had been postponed, pending the decrease in cost and development of compatible restorative materials to repair the tooth structure. With increased patient demand for less invasive preparation techniques and the decrease of the equipment cost, the use of air microbrasion for tooth preparation has been recognized. The history of the technology, its function, indications, advantages, and limitations are discussed, and a step-by-step clinical procedure is presented. The learning objective of this article is to familiarize the readers with this preparation procedure, enhancing the knowledge of preparation options.

Air Pressure↗
PubMed2003

Basic study on vibrations during tooth preparations caused by high-speed drilling and Er:YAG laser irradiation.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: An Er:YAG laser effectively removes dental hard substance, and causes less pain during tooth preparations than high-speed drilling. This laser was introduced to eliminate the noise, vibration, pressure, and heat associated with the high-speed drilling. However, the difference in tooth vibration caused by the Er:YAG laser and the high-speed drill is unclear. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate tooth vibration obtained with the Er:YAG laser and high-speed drill. STUDY DESIGN/MATERIALS AND METHODS: Each of the five extracted permanent upper first premolars were built up in a plaster box. In this study, a silicone impression material was selected to simulate periodontal tissue. The vibration speed was measured by using a laser Doppler vibrometer. RESULTS: The Er:YAG laser irradiation energy was 50, 100, 145, 199, 300, and 350 mJ. As irradiation energy increased, vibration of the tooth also rose; a high-correlation coefficient was observed between them. We found that only a small amount of the tooth vibration occurred with the Er:YAG laser preparations. The mean vibration speed and standard deviation with the laser were 166 +/- 28 microm/second when the output energy was 145 mJ, whereas those with the high-speed drill were 65 +/- 48 mm/second. The frequency characteristic approached 230 Hz and 5 kHz, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: These results show that the high-speed drilling causes greater tooth vibration and has a frequency spectrum near the high sensitivity of hearing compared to the Er:YAG laser. This suggests a potential factor in provoking pain and displeasure during tooth preparation. Future study to examine the relationship of pain and amount of tooth vibration will be planned.

Dental Instruments↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The effect of tooth preparation height and diameter on the resistance of complete crowns to fatigue loading.

This study investigated the relationship between tooth preparation height and diameter and the resistance of cemented crowns to dynamic loading. Crown and abutment analogs were cemented using zinc oxide-eugenol, zinc phosphate, glass-ionomer, and resin composite luting agents. Abutment height varied from 1 to 7 mm in increments of 1 mm. Diameters of 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8 mm were tested. A testing apparatus designed to apply dynamic stresses was used. The cemented crowns were loaded until the cement bond failed or the components reached 1 million stress cycles. The staircase technique was applied for data analysis. The results showed that: (1) the relationship between abutment height (or diameter) and resistance to dynamic lateral loading is approximately linear; and (2) crowns luted using resin composite cement were more resistant than those placed using glass-ionomer cement, which in turn were more resistant than crowns cemented with zinc phosphate or zinc oxide-eugenol cements.

Cementation↗
PubMed1994

Complete-crown and partial-coverage tooth preparation designs for bonded cast ceramic restorations.

A new concept for tooth preparation design for complete- and partial-coverage all-ceramic restorations is presented. Because of the efficacy of third-generation dentinal bonding agents, the preparations for complete-coverage and partial-coverage restorations can be made with less emphasis on retentive form. For partial-coverage restorations, cavosurface angles should be large so that the resultant configuration of the enamel rods is conducive to optimal bonding. The new preparations are simple, with extremely tapered axial walls, to allow maximum thickness of the ceramic material. These types of preparations result in finished restorations that are stronger and have better margins and less chance of microleakage. Long-term success of these types of restorations will be determined by the success or failure of the dentinal bonding agent and resin cement system used.

Crowns↗
PubMed2000

An in vitro assessment of the strength of porcelain veneers dependent on tooth preparation.

The treatment of teeth using veneer restorations combines aesthetic and functional improvements with a low destructive technique. Different kinds of tooth preparation techniques are described in the literature for this kind of restoration. This in vitro study aimed to examine the influence of the incisal preparation on the loadability of teeth restored with porcelain laminate veneers. Thirty-six selected mandibular incisors were randomly assigned to three groups with 12 teeth per group. In the first group, only the facial surface was prepared. In the second group, the preparation included a rounded incisal edge and a distinct chamfer lingually. The third group served as an unprepared control. Empress(R) veneers were then fabricated and cemented with a low viscous luting composite material. After 120 days storage in Ringer's solution, the specimens were loaded incisally to the point of failure. Statistical analysis of the results showed significant differences between the series (P=0.0103). Group 2 (with preparation of the incisal edge) exhibited the lowest fracture resistance (466+/-99 N) (N, mean forces). When prepared only facially, the teeth restored with Empress veneers reached the strength of unprepared teeth. Compared with the biting force described for incisors in the literature, the in vitro loadability reached in this investigation seems to jusitify the clinical use of both preparation designs tested.

Aluminum Silicates↗
PubMed2000

Tooth preparation techniques for porcelain laminate veneers.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect that two guides to tooth preparation had on an operator's ability to appropriately and consistently prepare teeth for porcelain laminate veneers. STUDY DESIGN: In-vitro study. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty typodont central incisor teeth were randomly allocated into three groups and a general dental practitioner was asked to prepare the teeth for porcelain laminate veneers. Group A were prepared freehand while Groups B and C were prepared with the assistance of a silicone index and depth preparation bur respectively. Images of the prepared teeth were used to calculate the mean labial depth of preparation and incisal reduction of teeth in each group. RESULTS: The mean labial reduction for Groups A, B and C was 0.37 mm (SD 0.13), 0.62 mm (SD 0.17) and 0.61 mm (SD 0.15) and the mean incisal reduction for Groups A, B and C was 1.0 mm (SD 0.28), 1.0 mm (SD 0.38) and 1.03 mm (SD 0.26) respectively. CONCLUSION: It is suggested that consideration be given to the use of a silicone index or depth gauge bur when teeth are prepared for porcelain laminate veneers.

Dental Instruments↗
PubMed2000

Improved laboratory results for fixed restorations using sequential tooth preparation.

Laboratory reference guides provided by the dentist help ensure optimum results in fixed prosthodontics. A technique is described in which a master cast is made before preparation of the last tooth to be treated. Through this technique, the laboratory prescription includes the dimensions of the new restorations in relation to those of the unprepared tooth replica on the master cast. Thus, the technician is afforded not only a precise guide to restoration contour and size, but also a helpful pretreatment record of the patient's vertical dimension.

Crowns↗
PubMed2005

Tooth preparation for post-retained restorations.

Failure of root canal treatment and/or post crowns can be avoided in many cases if appropriate tooth preparation is carried out. This paper discusses the rationale for the timing of post placement following root canal treatment and appropriate methods for removal of gutta-percha prior to post space preparation. The basic principles of post space preparation are described, which should reduce the risk of weakening the root unnecessarily, causing damage to the periodontium and post perforation.

Biocompatible Materials↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The effect of tooth preparation form on the fit of Procera copings.

PURPOSE: This study evaluated the marginal and internal adaptation of Procera copings using different tooth preparations. The variations comprised 4 finish line forms, 3 occlusal forms, 3 occlusocervical undulation forms to the proximal finish line, and 3 proximal auxiliary retention forms. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred twenty preparations were made and copings were fabricated, cemented, embedded in an epoxy resin, sectioned, and measured at 14 sites. RESULTS: The feather-edge finish line had the highest mean external marginal opening (135 +/- 79 microns), compared with the chamfer finish line (64 +/- 38 microns), the 0.8-mm rounded shoulder (51 +/- 34 microns), and the 0.5-mm rounded shoulder (68 +/- 56 microns). All 3 forms of occlusal reduction produced comparable internal adaptation at the axial wall. Specimens with normal occlusal reduction had the best occlusal adaptation at the cusp tip but not to a statistically different degree from the exaggerated form. Variations in the vertical height of interproximal finish lines did not significantly affect marginal opening. However, proximal retentive features less than 2.5 mm wide and more than 0.5 mm deep cannot be accurately reproduced with the present Procera scanner tip. CONCLUSION: Feather-edge finish-line forms, deep retentive grooves, and deep occlusal morphology are not well reproduced using this system, but all other finish-line forms and design variations are accurately and clinically acceptably reproduced using this system.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Measurement of the margins of partial-coverage tooth preparations for CAD/CAM.

PURPOSE: This study tested the hypothesis that a scanning laser 3-dimensional digitizer is a precise and accurate instrument to measure chamfered and beveled margins of partial coverage tooth preparations for computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The margins were measured by the digitizer on stone dies and calculated by triangulation into a 3-D representation. Instrument precision was defined as the ability to reproduce the same margin in repeated measurements and expressed as the coefficient of variation as a percentage. Instrument accuracy for chamfered and beveled margins was estimated by correlating their measurements to the measurement of the margin of a spherical calibration "phantom" with known dimensions. Accuracy was expressed as the standard deviation. RESULTS: The precision errors for the box- and cusp-chamfered margins and cusp-beveled margins were 3.9%, 3.4%, and 2.4%, respectively. With regard to accuracy the standard deviations of the measurements of the box- and cusp-chamfered margins and cusp-beveled margins were 19 microns, 21 microns, and 24 microns, respectively, compared to 15 microns for the phantom. CONCLUSION: Measurements of chamfered and beveled margins by a scanning laser 3-D digitizer for CAD/CAM are (1) precise (error < 4%) and (2) accurate, with a standard deviation of less than 9 microns compared to optimal measurements of the spherical margin of the phantom.

Analog-Digital Conversion↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The effect of tooth preparation design on the breaking strength of Dicor crowns: 2.

Six maxillary first premolar tooth preparation designs for all-ceramic restorations were tested for their effect on the strength of Dicor crowns. Ten crowns were fabricated for each preparation design, and the breaking strengths were measured. Three finish line designs (1.2-mm shoulder with sharp axiogingival line angle, 1.2-mm chamfer, and 0.8-mm chamfer) and two total occlusal convergence angles (5 degrees and 15 degrees) were tested. All preparations possessed 2.0 mm of occlusal reduction. The average breaking strengths of the 10 Dicor crowns were compared to those of 10 metal ceramic control restorations. The three groups of restorations fabricated for preparations with 5 degrees of occlusal convergence were significantly weaker than those made for preparations with 15 degrees of convergence. The metal ceramic restorations were significantly stronger (247.45 kg) than the strongest Dicor crowns (56.2 kg).

Ceramics↗
PubMed1991

Tooth preparation for full-coverage restorations using the enamel milling technique.

There are many acceptable methods of tooth preparation for full-coverage restorations. The technique used should be systematic, with step-by-step procedures to produce an easily followed routine. This will minimize undesirable, haphazard tooth reduction. The technique presented in this paper is a simple, exacting, and conservative method of tooth reduction, requiring a minimum of instrumentation.

Crowns↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Sequential tooth preparation for aesthetic porcelain full-coverage crown restorations.

The fabrication and delivery of functional, biocompatible restorations with a natural appearance have become the definitive goals of restorative dentistry. Although contemporary ceramic materials allow light to be manipulated in restorations to replicate the natural dentition, this objective can be difficult to achieve when tooth preparation is not performed properly. This article presents a sequential approach that can be used to render the proper shape and margin design critical to the fabrication of full-coverage crown restorations that are indistinguishable from the adjacent natural teeth.

Biocompatible Materials↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The effect of tooth preparation design on the breaking strength of Dicor crowns: 3.

The dimensions of 120 maxillary first premolar all-ceramic tooth preparation designs were measured and analyzed to determine relationships between design features and recorded differences in the strengths of restorations fabricated for each preparation design. To assess clinical feasibility, the remaining dentin thickness of each preparation design was measured. A total occlusal convergence angle of 10 degrees provided the best combination of restoration strength and remaining dentin thickness. Five degrees produced the weakest restorations, and 15 degrees and 20 degrees required greater tooth reduction and pulp proximity. Stronger restorations were noted when the shoulder finish line had a sharp axiogingival line angle, possessed minimal cervical inclination, and was located as close as possible to the same occlusocervical level on all four axial surfaces.

Ceramics↗
PubMed2005

Post and core systems, refinements to tooth preparation and cementation.

With a plethora of post systems available, it is often difficult to decide which one to use. This is made more difficult by the fact that new posts are introduced before existing ones are fully evaluated in laboratory and clinical studies. This paper therefore describes the different post types and the main advantages and disadvantages of each. In addition, the choice of post system will influence whether further tooth preparation is required and will dictate which luting cement and core material are most appropriate. Whilst the choice of post will, for many dentists, be driven by personal preference and a history of clinical success, there are certain pit falls to avoid and these are outlined.

Cementation↗