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Results for “Temporal Muscle”

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At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

Changes in the mechanical advantage of the masseter and temporal muscles following surgical correction of mandibular prognathism.

The purpose of this study was to determine if the mechanical advantage of the masseter and temporal muscles is altered and improved as expected in patients subjected to surgical correction of mandibular prognathism. It aimed also to detect any relationship between (1) the moment arms of the masseter and temporal muscles, the moment arm of the bite force, and any morphologic characteristics considered to be factors in determining the size of the moment arms; and (2) the changes in the moment arms and the changes that the combined orthodontic-surgical treatment could induce in the morphologic characteristics. Presurgical and postsurgical lateral cephalograms of 51 consecutive orthognathic surgery patients with severe mandibular prognathism were used. The radiographs were taken 1 week before surgery and approximately 1 year after surgery. The results indicated that the mechanical advantage of the masseter and temporal muscles had a tendency to increase following correction of the dysplasia. The changes in the moment arms of the masseter and the bite force seem to be dependent on the changes in some morphologic parameters such as the angle between the mandibular line and ramal line, the angle between the anterior cranial base and the mandibular line, and the angle between the anterior cranial base and the functional occlusal plane. The combination of changes in these angles together with the shortening of the mandibular length could also lead to a decrease of the advantage of both muscles.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Myositis ossificans of the temporal muscle as a primary scalp tumor. Case report.

A 38-year-old woman presented with a rare case of myositis ossificans in the temporal muscle manifesting as left temporal scalp mass with mild pain. The mass was elastic-hard and seemed to be located in the temporal muscle. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a heterogeneously enhanced mass in the muscle. The tumor was resected. The histological diagnosis was myositis ossificans. The clinicopathological features of scalp myositis ossificans may mimic other soft tissue tumors, requiring care for the differential diagnosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Changes in electric activity of masseter and temporal muscles after mandibular sagittal split osteotomy.

The functioning of the masseter and anterior temporal muscles was assessed by electromyography in 18 patients before orthognathic surgery and 6 weeks, 3 months, 1 year, and 2 years afterwards. Electromyogram (EMG) recordings were made during maximal bite in intercuspal position and chewing. The mean electric activity in the masseter and anterior temporal muscles decreased markedly 6 weeks after surgery but increased clearly for 1 year in both functions. Only a slight further increase was observed at 2-year follow-up during chewing, but not during maximal bite in intercuspidation. The mean changes in electric activity increased more clearly in patients with hyperplastic mandible than in patients with hypoplastic mandible and in those with long shift of the mandible. The same finding was also more visible in men and older patients than in women and younger patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Temporal muscle activity during the first year of Class II, division 1 malocclusion treatment with an activator.

The activity of the anterior and posterior temporal muscles in response to treatment with a splint type of activator was studied in children with distal occlusion. The effect on muscle activity was compared with that in a similar group of children being treated with a headgear and with that in a control group receiving orthodontic treatment for Class I malocclusion. Electromyographic recordings were made with the mandible in the rest position and, during maximal bite, in the intercuspal position. The recordings were made before the start of the treatment and on three later occasions at 4-month intervals. The activity in the rest position was constant during the 1-year period of observation. During maximal bite the activity of the posterior temporal muscle decreased significantly in the group with headgear and the control group and in a subgroup of children with large protrusions in the construction bite who had been treated with activators. This decrease was considered to be an effect of occlusal instability brought about by the treatment. There was no evidence of a decrease in the postural (rest) activity of the posterior temporal muscle, although such a decrease has been described as a sign of forward displacement of the mandible during treatment with a functional appliance.

Activator Appliances↗
PubMed1989

[Electromyographic (EMG) electrode impedance and EMG activity from anterior temporal muscle and masseter muscle].

The value and change with time of the impedance of surface EMG electrodes and the effects of their difference between the bipolar electrodes on the electromyographic activity from the anterior temporal muscle and the masseter muscle in six adult male subjects with normal occlusion were studied. The results were as follows: 1. In the anterior temporal muscle, if the impedance of the electrode was under 20 k omega it was stable from just after the electrode disc was applied to the skin. In the masseter muscle, if the impedance was under 30 k omega it became stable within two minutes after the electrode was applied. 2. The difference of impedance between the bipolar EMG electrodes did not correlate with EMG activity.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Our experience with the use of the temporal muscle in facial surgery.

The authors present their experience with the use of the temporal muscle in reconstruction of defects after exenteration of the orbit, palate, filling of the spaces after extirpation of extensive tumours in the infratemporal area and area of the anterior cranial fossa. They operated a total of 25 patients where they used part of the temporal muscle or the whole muscle. None of the operated patients, although two had a ligature of the external carotid artery, developed necrosis or inflammatory complications during incorporation of the transferred muscle. The procedure can be considered a reliable method in the reconstruction of the face and cranial base.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

Cavernous hemangioma of the temporal muscle.

Intramuscular cavernous hemangiomas are often found in the brain, but they are uncommon in the muscles of the head and neck region, with the masseter being the most frequent, followed by the trapezius and sternocleidomastoideus. Such a lesion in the temporal muscle is an extremely unusual situation. A 55-year-old man presented with intermittent headaches and painless swelling of the right temple region brought on by stress and bending forward. On MRI, T1-weighted imaging with enhancement after contrast medium showed a low signal-intense, fat-free lesion restricted to the temporal muscle. T2 weighting showed a hyperintense, high fluid content, low-flow lesion. There was no progression within 2 years. No resection was performed. In planning a treatment approach, one must bear in mind that cavernous hemangiomas in the temporal muscle or other muscles of the head and neck can be clinically distinguished from the more aggressive capillary ones. Complications are extremely rare (hemorrhage or functional deficits). These cavernomas should simply be followed up and only resected in case of any problems (cosmetic, neurological deficits).

Hemangioma, Cavernous↗
PubMed1997

Changes in electrical activity of masseter and temporal muscles after temporomandibular joint surgery. A one-year follow up.

The functioning of the masseter and anterior temporal muscles was recorded by electromyography (EMG) in 15 patients with disc interference of the temporomandibular joints, before surgery and three months, six months and one year afterwards. EMG recordings were made during maximal bite in intercuspal position and while chewing. The mean electrical activity in the masseter and anterior temporal muscles, both on the operated and nonoperated sides, decreased markedly three months after surgery, especially during maximal bite in intercuspal position, but increased to above the preoperative values at the one-year recording in both functions. Statistically, significantly lower activities were seen on the operated side in patients with anterior dislocation of the disc without reduction, as compared to patients with reduction of the disc. The EMG activities of the masseter muscles on the nonoperated side were significantly lower in women and in older patients, as well as in patients with a longer duration of symptoms than in men and younger patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Unilateral temporal muscle hypertrophy: a rare clinical entity.

Isolated unilateral temporal muscle hypertrophy is a rarely reported clinical entity with an unclear etiology. Consideration of a broad differential diagnosis combined with a detailed histologic and radiologic work-up will help the physician diagnose the underlying pathology. We report a new case of this uncommon entity, and we review the pertinent literature.

Humans↗
PubMed1983

[Permanent constriction of the jaws due to an osteoma of the temporal muscle. Apropos of 2 cases].

Authors report 2 cases of pseudoankylosis of the mandible secondary to myositis ossificans of the temporal muscle. Diagnostic workup is based on a clear history of trauma and clinic and X ray examinations. In the treatment of such a lesion the calcified part of the temporal muscle must be excised and an intraoral coronoidectomy performed to prevent further recurrence. Selected jaw exercises are useful too.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

A functional comparison of the deep and superficial parts of the human anterior temporal muscle.

The electromyographic activity of the deep and superficial portions of the anterior temporal muscle were recorded simultaneously during varied isometric clenching tasks designed to determine whether the two parts of the muscle were capable of differential contraction. The results indicated that for six of the seven subjects tested, significantly different (0 less than 0.01) activity of the two portions of the muscle occurred during performance of one or more tasks.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

The immediate effects of a stabilization splint on the muscular symmetry in the masseter and anterior temporal muscles of patients with a craniomandibular disorder.

In 36 myogenous craniomandibular disorder patients, the immediate effects of a stabilization splint on the symmetry in the activities of the masseter and anterior temporal muscles during submaximal clenching at five clenching levels were investigated electromyographically. After the adjustment of the splint necessary at the time of delivery, 20 splints remained free from occlusal interferences throughout the treatment period and thus needed no further adjustment. These splints caused an immediate improvement in masseter muscle symmetry at the time of delivery (p less than 0.01). However, 16 splints needed further adjustment for occlusal interferences at the first recall, 2 weeks after delivery of the splint. These splints resulted in a small but statistically significant worsening in masseter muscle symmetry at the 10% clenching level (p less than 0.01). No such response was found for temporal muscle activity. The immediate changes in masseter muscle activity suggest that muscular symmetry is an objective basis in the evaluation of the treatment provided.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Influence of different condylar and incisal guidance ratios to the activity of anterior and posterior temporal muscle.

OBJECT: Few studies quantify reactions of masticatory muscles during clenching at different occlusal positions in individuals with different anterior and posterior guidance relationship and different number of working-side occlusal contacts. The hypothesis that altered incisal guidance (IG) and a different number of working-side occlusal contacts in complete denture wearers (CDW) change a pattern of temporal muscle activity and loadings to the mandible during clenching in incisal and lateral positions was tested. DESIGN: EMG activity during clenching in incisal (IP) and left (LOP) and right lateral occlusal (ROP) positions was compared between dentate subjects (DS) with steeper IG than condylar guidance (PG) and canine or canine+first premolar guidance in laterotrusive movements with CDWs who had steeper PG than IG and group function. EMG values were expressed as percentages of maximum voluntary clenching in maximum intercuspation (ICP) in each individual. RESULTS: The CDWs exhibited significantly higher posterior temporal muscle (TP) activity in IP and during lateral biting on mediotrusive side than DSs. Their coronoid process had to be pulled backward by TP fibers to rotate condyle in a counter-clockwise direction (PG>IG); contrary DSs had to rotate condyle in a clockwise direction to compensate for vertical overlap (IG>PG). Group function allowed more working-side contacts in CDWs and significantly higher anterior temporalis (TA) activity. CONCLUSION: Alteration of IG-PG ratio and a number of occlusal contacts during lateral clenching change a pattern of TA and TP activity in CDWs and a direction of mandibular loadings, although age related changes might also be responsible.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Effect of occlusal splints on the EMG activity of masseter and temporal muscles in bruxism with clinical symptoms.

An electromyographic study of the masseter and anterior temporal muscles was performed on fifteen bruxism patients with clinical symptoms such as muscle pain, fatigue and tenderness. The slopes of the voltage tension (V/T) curves (calculated as the value of the relative inclination between the integrated electromyogram and the biting force) were compared before and after treatment with an occlusal splint. Following use of the splint, the steep slopes of the V/T curves, common in bruxism, became gentle and similar to those of healthy subjects. The difference found in the slopes of different types of bruxism (grinding, clenching, grinding and clenching) might be useful as a diagnostic tool. Follow-up recording of the slopes was considered to be a useful indicator of treatment effectiveness.

Adolescent↗