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PubMedDate not supplied

[Is it possible for periodontal patients to recognize periodontal disease].

The purpose of this study was the evaluation of clinical symptoms of periodontal disease in a sample of adult periodontal patients, that were presented for periodontal treatment in the private clinics of the authors during a period of ten years. A questionnaire was designed for this reason which included questions related to gingival bleeding, gingival enlargement, tooth migration and tooth mobility. 330 questionnaires were evaluated from a total of 1175 consisting a representative sample. The results have showed that the clinical symptoms that directed patients to look for periodontal treatment were (a) gingival bleeding when brushing or spontaneously (74.78%), (b) tooth mobility (65.65%), (c) presence of gingival enlargement (60%) and (d) tooth migration (36.96%). Comparison between positive answers, in all questions in relation with the presence of the clinical symptoms of periodontal disease showed significant differences between men and women. Furthermore, women were presented for appropriate periodontal treatment with the presence of two symptoms while men with the presence of three. In conclusion gingival bleeding when brushing or spontaneously is a symptom that is easily evaluated by the patient--as the results of this study indicated--provided he knows its significance. Therefore, emphasis must be given in informing the patients regarding its significance.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[An experimental study of tooth mesial migration].

OBJECTIVE: To study the mechanism of tooth mesial migration with animal experiment. METHODS: The upper and lower first molars of Wuzhishan miniature pigs were used as experimental teeth. The mesial migration of experimental teeth was calculated and analysed by measuring the models. Fluorescent mark was used and analysed by injecting tetracycline and xvlenol orange, and histological changes were analyzed. RESULTS: The lower teeth migrate mesially 0.14 mm and 1.21 mm during 16 weeks, and the upper teeth migrate mesially 1.36 mm and 2.08 mm during 24 weeks. The distal alveolar bones of experimental teeth had fluorescent bands; alveolar bones of teeth without antagonist teeth reconstructed in vertical direction; the distance between fluorescent bands of lower experimental teeth without antagonist teeth was wider than that of teeth with antagonist teeth. The fluorescent bands formed in both mesial and distal cementum. CONCLUSION: The results don't support the point that transseptal fibre or force of molar eruption makes teeth migrate mesially; the mesial migration of teeth is related with the reconstruction of alveolar bones and the stress distribution in the bones.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Migration following crown-lengthening procedure--a case report.

Periodontal surgery may be accompanied with some postoperative complications such as pain, swelling and sloughing, purulence or infection, transient bacteremia, nerve trauma, and hemorrhage. In general, a resective surgical intervention may implicate reduction in the attachment apparatus. Migration as a postoperative complication has never been addressed in the literature. This paper presents a case report detailing migration of a tooth, following a surgical preprosthetic clinical crown-lengthening procedure, which was repositioned using adjunctive orthodontics with a removable maxillary modified Hawley appliance. It is incumbent upon the dentist to examine meticulously the occlusal status of the teeth prior to a planned surgical intervention and to take measures preventing any possible tooth migration during the healing process. Failure to achieve occlusal and intra-arch stability may lead to undesired tooth movement in the arch postsurgery, affecting future prognosis and complicating any planned prosthetic work.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

Pathologic migration of anterior teeth in patients with moderate to severe periodontitis.

The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of pathologic migration of anterior teeth in patients with moderate to severe periodontitis. The correlation between pathologic migration of anterior teeth and attachment loss (AL) was investigated, and an attempt was made to identify the most common early form of pathologic migration. Prevalence of tooth migration was studied in a group of 343 patients with moderate to severe periodontitis before treatment. The presence of pathologic migration was determined from the chief complaint and patient awareness o tooth movement in the last 5 years. Forty-four patients (age range 18 to 69; mean = 48.75) with 75 pairs of migrated and non-migrated teeth were studied further to determine if there is a correlation between severity of periodontal AL and pathologic migration. Migrated teeth were compared to control contralateral teeth that did not have migration. In addition, tooth mobility of the anterior teeth on 36 of the 44 patients was measured using the mobility meter. It was anticipated that tooth mobility would follow the same pattern as AL in relation to pathologic migration. The type and severity of displacement was recorded for each tooth affected by migration. The types of pathologic migration recorded were diastema, extrusion, rotation, facial flaring, and drifting into edentulous spaces. Pathologic migration prevalence was 30.03% +/- 2.5 (103/343 subjects). The mean AL of migrated teeth (4.79 +/- 0.28 mm) was significantly greater (P < 0.0001) than control teeth (3.21 +/- 0.18 mm). The numeric values (called PTV) of migrated teeth (17.6 +/- 1.5) were significantly greater (P < 0.0001) than control teeth (9.4 +/- 1.1). It was difficult to identify a primary form of displacement, as most patients demonstrated a combination of movements. The percentage of the 44 patients who presented with a specific type of movement was: facial flaring (90.9 +/- 4.4%), diastema (88.6 +/- 4.8%), rotation (72.7 +/- 6.8%), extrusion (68.2 +/- 7.1%), and tipping (13.6 +/- 5.2%). The results of this study confirms clinical impressions that periodontal disease destruction of the attachment apparatus plays a major role in the etiology of pathologic migration.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Dynamic histomorphometry of alveolar bone remodeling in the adult rat.

Alveolar bone normally undergoes remodeling on one side of the socket and modeling on the opposite side as the tooth migrates at a rate of 6.7 micrometer per day. Periodontal ligament width, however, remains constant. Because of this very high turnover rate, this bone is a good model to study bone modeling and remodeling activities. This study was undertaken in order to measure the different cellular events occurring during tooth migration along the alveolar bone of the rat. The histomorphometric measurements performed on this model permitted us to calculate the duration of each phase of the remodeling cycle, i.e., resorption lasts about 1.5 days and reversal about 3.5 days. Since the duration of the forming phase is about 1 day (Guyomard and Baron, '74), the total duration of each remodeling cycle is about 6 days. This time is very short compared to 60--120 days in adult human trabecular bone. Additionally, in this model each osteoclast resorbs 2--4 times its own volume of bone per day. Based on this knowledge, it will be possible to measure accurately the effects of experimental conditions on bone cells and bone remodeling in this rat alveolar bone model.

Alveolar Process↗
PubMed1987

A longitudinal study of anteroposterior growth changes in the palatine rugae.

Palatine rugae have been used as internal dental cast reference points for quantification of tooth migration. Some, but not all, investigators have reported the medial rugal region to be stable or to show predictable change. The purpose of this study was to use the longitudinal data base of the Child Research Council of Denver to examine the anteroposterior stability of the medial rugal region. Dental casts of 20 females and 21 males with untreated normal Angle Class I occlusions were selected. Time intervals measured were: T1--primary teeth erupted, T2--earliest cast with permanent first molars erupted, T3--earliest cast with canines and pre-molars erupted, and T4--ages 16 to 22. Distinctive left and right anterior and posterior rugae which appeared on all four casts were identified, the medial ends marked, and the anteroposterior distances measured. The data were evaluated with the paired t test, repeated-measures ANOVA, and Tukey's multiple comparison procedure. From T1--T4, the medial rugal region increased 1.4 +/- 0.6 mm in females and 2.3 +/- 0.8 mm in males. Only two cases showed a trend toward stability. There were no significant differences by side. Significant increases in size occurred between T2 and T3 for females and males and between T3 and T4 for males. Analysis of these data indicates that the medial rugal region increases significantly in anteroposterior length, but not uniformly between the sexes across observation times. Such changes are characteristic of general craniofacial growth and suggest that the rugal region is responding to the differential growth of the underlying bone. Therefore, medial rugal landmarks appear not to be stable reference points for tooth migration research.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

Atypical migration of an impacted lower third molar.

This report describes the atypical migration of an impacted lower third molar tooth in a 42-year-old woman. Serial radiographs showed that, over a period of 13 years, the tooth migrated from its original disto-angular position posterior to and beneath the roots of the adjacent second molar to a more horizontal position beneath the roots of the first permanent molar. The tooth was surgically removed under general anaesthesia, with biopsy and curettage of soft tissue found in the bone posterior to the tooth along the path of migration. This pattern of tooth movement is highly unusual in an adult patient.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Combined periodontal, orthodontic, and restorative treatment of pathologic migration of anterior teeth: a case report.

Pathologic tooth migration related to periodontal disease is a common chief complaint of periodontal patients. This paper describes the treatment of a case of severe periodontal disease and disfiguring pathologic migration of maxillary central incisors, which required a multidisciplinary approach. After conventional periodontal treatment was performed, the anterior diastema was closed using a combination of orthodontic therapy and restorative treatment. A 6-month follow-up examination of this case revealed resolution of the anterior pathologic migration, with gains in clinical attachment levels and a successful esthetic and functional final result.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

The effect of orthodontic treatment on periodontal bone support in patients with advanced loss of marginal periodontium.

Loss of periodontal bone support was examined in 24 patients orthodontically treated for pathologic tooth migration in one jaw. Prior to orthodontic realignment of the front teeth, the patients had received periodontal treatment. Active appliance therapy was not given until inflammation was eliminated and the patients demonstrated a high level of oral hygiene. A 0.020-inch spiral wire was bonded to each adjacent realigned tooth for retention. The levels of marginal bone of the front teeth in the treated and untreated jaws were measured in percentage of "maximum bone height" on periapical radiographs made before and after treatment. Relapse was evaluated from study models. Mean averaged loss of periodontal bone from the period before to after orthodontic treatment was 4.94% (SD 4.03, P less than 0.001) and 2.69% (SD 3.66, P less than 0.001) of the treated and untreated front teeth, respectively. The mean difference in averaged loss between treated and untreated front teeth was 2.24% (SD 3.28, P less than 0.01). The majority of the sites showed little or no loss. Maximum loss (35%) was observed in one site only. No association was found between initial bone loss and bone loss during orthodontic treatment. Spaces from 0.1 to 1.8 mm opened up adjacent to the retainer in seven patients. Relapse within the retained segment was associated with failures of the retainer. Of the 19 patients who had been in retention for more than 4 months (mean 16.0, SD 12.1), ten failures were recorded in nine patients. The failure mode was loosening of one or two teeth between wire and composite.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

[Dissertations 25 years later. 1. Mesial drift of teeth by occlusal forces].

More than 25 years ago the thesis 'Functional occlusion and mesial drift, an experimental study of tooth migration in monkeys' was presented. A literature review was carried out to assess whether the results have withstood the test of time. It was confirmed that occlusion plays an important role in mesial drift, whilst no direct evidence for transseptal fibre contraction as a causal factor has been put forward. Mesial drift is not merely a compensatory mechanism for loss of tooth substance, but may cause crowding, depending on axial inclination and occlusal morphology. This phenomenon has implications for orthodontic and restorative treatments.

Academic Dissertations as Topic↗
PubMed1979

[Possibilities and limits in the early diagnosis of peridontal insufficiency].

Up to now, the early detection and the discriminating evaluation of periodontal insufficiency are not feasible due to the variety of conditions provoking a pathological response of the tissues. In general, the defence may be regarded as sufficient. Exceptions to this rule are periodontal changes existent already in adolescence and therapy-resistant gingivitides in which endogenous causal factors obviously predominate. A disproportion of tooth mobility to bone reduction and a tendency to abscess-formation, tooth migrations and recurrences after periodontal therapy are indicative of insufficiency. The development of a progressive course is to be compared with the breakdown of the barrier of defence. The reduction or elimination of provoking and conditioning factors prior to prosthetic therapy is considered to be the way to maintain the "stability" of the periodontal tissues.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Concepts of occlusion: Australian evidence.

Longitudinal studies of aboriginal children over a 20-year period have drawn attention to the wide variation in morphological features of the dentition and the way in which occlusal relationships develop. This paper summarizes some important determinants of optimal occlusal development, namely, tooth size relationships within and between dentitions, the patterns of alveolar growth, and tooth migrations during the transition from primary to permanent teeth and the nature of growth changes in the dental arches. Dental occlusion constantly changes throughout life in response to changing functional requirements. Observations limited to cross-sectional material provide an incomplete, and sometimes misleading, concept of dental occlusion and masticatory function.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

A mouse mandibular culture model permits the study of neural crest cell migration and tooth development.

A major issue in developmental biology is to determine how time and position-restricted instructions are signaled and received during morphogenesis of different phenotypes, of which tooth, Meckel's cartilage and tongue formation are classical examples. It is now evident that a hierarchy of growth factors and their downstream transcription factors regulate the timing, sequence and position of cells and tissues in forming different phenotypes during embryogenesis. Here we report the development of an early mandibular organ culture model. Explants of E8 and E9 first branchial arch were cultured and produced mandibular processes with cap stage tooth formation, Meckel's cartilage and tongue development. In tandem, vital dye (Dil) labeling studies confirmed that rhombomeres 1-4 give rise to craneal neural crest (CNC) cells which emigrate from the neural fold to the forming maxillary and mandibular arches. Furthermore, we have tested the feasibility of investigating the regulation of different phenotypes within the first branchial arch by a transcription factor using this early mandibular organ culture model. Lymphoid enhancing factor 1 (Lef1), a transcription factor, has been implicated to regulate tooth formation in vivo. We have analyzed the expression of Lef1 and studied the biological effects of Lef1 on E8 embryonic mouse first branchial arch explants in organ culture. Collectively, these results demonstrate that first branchial arch explant model is suitable for studies of rhombencephalic crest cell fate during mandibular morphogenesis and can be used as a model with direct access to investigate the molecular mechanism in regulating first branchial arch morphogenesis.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

[Migration of a retained premolar into the processus muscularis of the mandible].

Migration of an impacted mandibular premolar is a rare finding, whereas dystopia of lower jaw cuspids is described much more often in the literature. We present a patient in whom radiographic studies show the migration of a mandibular premolar to the muscular process over a period of 14 years. Most of the tooth migration along the vertical portion of the mandibula into the processus muscularis took place after the root development had ended. Neither radiological nor clinical examination revealed the stimulus which changed the path and the direction of the impacted tooth.

Adult↗