Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Succimer”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed2006

Changes in brain biogenic amines and haem biosynthesis and their response to combined administration of succimers and Centella asiatica in lead poisoned rats.

This study was designed to investigate the therapeutic potential of meso 2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) and one of its monoesters, monoisoamyl DMSA (MiADMSA), individually or when administered in combination with an extract of Centella asiatica against experimental lead intoxication in rats. Biochemical variables indicative of alterations in the central nervous system and haem biosynthesis were investigated to determine the toxicity in male Wistar rats. Thirty five rats were exposed to 0.2% lead acetate for 10 weeks, followed by 10 days of treatment with DMSA and MiADMSA (50 mg kg(-1), i.p., once daily) alone and in combination with C. asiatica (200 mg kg(-1), p.o., once daily). Biochemical variables indicative of oxidative stress and brain biogenic amines, along with lead concentration in blood and brain, were measured. Lead exposure caused a significant depletion of blood and brain delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD) activity, an important enzyme of the haem biosynthesis pathway, and glutathione (GSH) level. These changes were accompanied by a marked increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), delta-aminolevulinic acid synthase (ALAS) and oxidized glutathione (GSSG) activity in blood and brain. Significant depletion of brain noradrenaline (norepinephrine, NE), 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), dopamine (DA) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) also were observed following lead exposure. Also seen was a significant depletion in brain glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione S-transferase (GST) and monoamine oxidase activity, as well as blood and brain superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. These biochemical changes were correlated with an increased uptake of lead in blood and brain. Combined administration of MiADMSA and C. asiatica was most effective in reducing these alterations, including biogenic amines, besides reducing body lead burden, compared with individual treatment with MiADMSA. Certain other biochemical variables responded favourably to combination therapy and monotherapy with MiADMSA. Thus, supplementation of C. asiatica during chelation could be recommended for achieving optimum effects of chelation therapy.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Hemolytic anemia following succimer administration in a glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficient patient.

Because of its favorable side effects profile, the oral chelating agent dimercaptosuccinic acid is often used for treatment of lead intoxication. We report a case of a 45-year-old black male with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency and a 17 year history of occupational lead exposure who developed hemolysis during treatment with dimercaptosuccinic acid for symptomatic lead intoxication.

Anemia, Hemolytic↗
PubMed2006

Succimer therapy for congenital lead poisoning from maternal petrol sniffing.

An infant, born at 35 weeks' gestation to a woman who sniffed petrol, had a cord blood lead level eight times the accepted limit. Treatment with oral dimercaptosuccinic acid promptly reduced his blood lead levels. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of congenital lead poisoning secondary to maternal petrol sniffing. We suggest that at-risk pregnancies should be identified, cord blood lead levels tested, and chelation therapy and developmental follow-up offered to affected infants.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Use of succimer.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Drug Industry↗
PubMed2004

Lead induced oxidative stress and its recovery following co-administration of melatonin or N-acetylcysteine during chelation with succimer in male rats.

Lead is a ubiquitous element in the environment causing oxidative burst in the exposed individuals leading to tissue damage. Antioxidants have long been known to reduce the free radical-mediated oxidative stress while, thiol chelators have been used to treat arsenic toxicity. The therapeutic efficacy of melatonin or N-acetylcysteine (NAC) was studied in the present study, both individually and in combination with a potent thiol-chelating agent, meso 2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA), in reducing lead concentration in blood and other soft tissues. Their ability to restore altered haematopoietic, hepatic and other biochemical variables indicative of tissue oxidative stress in male rats was also investigated. Administration of melatonin and NAC individually, provided significant protection to lead induced disturbed antioxidant defense that may significantly compromise normal cellular function. Administration of melatonin and NAC also provided a significant protection to thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) levels, reduced glutathione (GSH) and oxidized glutathione (GSSG) contents in tissues, suggesting their ability to act as a free radical scavenger and in protecting cells against toxic insult. NAC, a thiol containing antioxidant, has been used under several clinical conditions with few adverse side effects. It has a high toxicity threshold and its wide therapeutic window enhances its utility. The antioxidant action of NAC is due to its ability to interact with reactive oxygen species (ROS) or its ability to stimulate endogenous glutathione (GSH) synthesis. DMSA, on the other hand when given alone, provided significant recovery in restoring the altered lead sensitive biochemical indices like blood delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD), urinary delta-aminolevulinic acid (ALA), beside increasing urinary lead excretion and decreasing lead concentration in blood and soft tissues. Interestingly, combined treatment of DMSA and NAC provided more pronounced efficacy in restoring altered biochemical variables and in reducing body lead burden than monotherapy with DMSA. The results thus, suggest the involvement of ROS in lead toxicity and a pronounced beneficial role of NAC in therapeutic implications of lead poisoning when co-administered with a thiol chelator (DMSA) supporting the hypothesis that cellular redox status may be significantly reversed by utilizing a thiol containing antioxidant compound. It can be concluded that, combined therapy with an antioxidant moiety and a thiol-chelating agent may be a better choice for treating plumbism.

Acetylcysteine↗
PubMed2004

Effect of chelation therapy on the neuropsychological and behavioral development of lead-exposed children after school entry.

OBJECTIVE: Some children in the United States continue to be exposed to levels of lead that increase their risk for lowered intellectual functioning and behavior problems. It is unclear whether chelation therapy can prevent or reverse the neurodevelopmental sequelae of lead toxicity. The objective of this study was to determine whether chelation therapy with succimer (dimercaptosuccinic acid) in children with referral blood lead levels between 20 and 44 microg/dL (0.96-2.12 micromol/L) at 12 to 33 months of age has neurodevelopmental benefits at age 7 years. METHODS: The Treatment of Lead-Exposed Children (TLC) study is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial that was conducted between September 1994 and June 2003 in Philadelphia, PA; Newark, NJ; Cincinnati, OH; and Baltimore, MD. Of 1854 referred children who were between the ages of 12 to 33 months and screened for eligibility, 780 were randomized to the active drug and placebo groups stratified by clinical center, body surface area, blood lead level, and language spoken at home. At 7 years of age, 647 subjects remained in the study. Participants were randomly assigned to receive oral succimer or placebo. Up to 3 26-day courses of succimer or placebo therapy were administered depending on response to treatment in those who were given active drug. Eighty-nine percent had finished treatment by 6 months, with all children finishing by 13 months after randomization. All participants received residential lead hazard control measures before treatment. TLC subjects also received a daily multivitamin supplement before and after treatment(s) with succimer or placebo. Scores on standardized neuropsychological measures that tap cognition, behavior, learning and memory, attention, and neuromotor skills were measured. RESULTS: Chelation therapy with succimer lowered average blood lead levels for approximately 6 months but resulted in no benefit in cognitive, behavioral, and neuromotor endpoints. CONCLUSION: These new follow-up data confirm our previous finding that the TLC regimen of chelation therapy is not associated with neurodevelopmental benefits in children with blood lead levels between 20 and 44 microg/dL (0.96-2.17 micromol/L). These results emphasize the importance of taking environmental measures to prevent exposure to lead. Chelation therapy with succimer cannot be recommended for children with blood lead levels between 20 and 44 microg/dL (0.96-2.12 micromol/L).

Chelating Agents↗