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PubMed1991

Serial learning: a review of the behavioral and physiological research with the rat.

The literature on the behavioral effects of manipulations in the length, complexity, interrun interval and intertrial interval of serial patterns presented to rats is selectively reviewed. The dominant theories of serial learning in rats are summarized and the evidence for each provided. Included in the discussion of rat serial learning are the theoretical models of: (a) Capaldi and associates who suggest that rats learn stimulus-stimulus associations, whereby each element in a series signals each succeeding element [e.g., (14)], (b) Hulse and associates who suggest that rats generate a specific rule defining the formal structure of a serial pattern [e.g., (55,56)], and (c) Roitblat, Pologe, and Scopatz (73) who suggest that rats may not learn either a specific rule or stimulus-stimulus associations. Instead, the rat develops knowledge of the serial position of an element's position in the list. In addition, the role of position cues and enumeration as dominant strategies are considered. Finally, the effects of manipulations in brain physiology on rat serial learning is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Sabeluzole (R58 735) increases consistent retrieval during serial learning and relearning of nonsense syllables.

Consistent retrieval during serial learning of nonsense syllables was investigated under sabeluzole (10 mg b.i.d. for 7 days) and placebo. The same material was relearned 1 week after withdrawal of the drug. During learning a twofold improvement in retrieval efficiency was seen when volunteers learned new material under steady-state levels of sabeluzole. During relearning, material originally learned under sabeluzole was significantly better retrieved than material learned under placebo. The results suggest that sabeluzole influences basic mechanisms involved in storage and retrieval of new information.

Double-Blind Method↗
PubMed1982

Sex differences in a children's spatial serial-learning task.

Boys (n = 80) and girls (n = 80) aged 9 to 10 completed a spatial-span test and a spatial serial-learning task. Corsi's block-tapping test was used for both. Sex differences were found on each: males performed better in both cases. The better performance of males on the spatial serial-learning task was independent of their superiority in the spatial-span test.

Child↗
PubMed1977

Sex differences in serial learning for aged persons with high verbal ability.

Serial rote learning was examined in men and women with high verbal ability aged 60-74 years. No sex differences were found in total errors, commission errors, or omissions errors. The results are in accord with the findings reported in a study by Wilkie and Eisdorfer (1977) and suggest that high verval ability may, in part, mediate sex differences in serial learning.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Serial learning with wild card items by monkeys (Cebus apella): implications for knowledge of ordinal position.

We investigated monkeys' knowledge of the ordinal positions of stimuli that formed a 5-item serial list, ABCDE, by means of wild card items (W) that could substitute for items in the original series. In Experiment 1, training with wild cards was given on 3-, 4-, and 5-item series. In the last of these series, the wild card substitutions created five wild card sequences, WBCDE through ABCDW. During the final 10 sessions of training with each of two different wild cards (Items x and Y), the 3 subjects were able to successfully complete almost 60% of the wild card sequences. In Experiment 2, the two wild cards were presented on the same trial in 10 different double wild card sequences (e.g., AXCDY). The 2 monkey subjects correctly completed about 59% of the double wild card sequences during the final two training sessions. The performance levels achieved on single and on double wild card sequences, although well below that observed on the baseline sequence ABCDE (90% or better), support the view that the monkeys possessed some knowledge regarding the ordinal position of each baseline item. Consequently, an associative chain interpretation, which does not provide for knowledge of ordinal position, falls short as a complete account of the monkey's capacity for serial learning.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Serial learning in the pigeon.

Three pigeons learned to peck four colors in a particular sequence, regardless of how these colors were positioned on four response keys and without feedback following each response. This demonstrates that serial learning is possible in subprimate animals.

Animals↗