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Results for “Reproductive Behavior”

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At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Neurotransmitter modulation of steroid action in target cells that mediate reproduction and reproductive behavior.

Two major functional interactions between steroid hormones and neurotransmitters are generally recognized. First, steroids affect neurotransmission, and second, through effects on hypothalamic peptides that regulate anterior pituitary function neurotransmitters affect steroid secretion. In recent years, evidence has accumulated which indicates that neurotransmitters can also affect steroid action within postsynaptic steroid target cells. We review evidence for this relationship in pineal, uterus and hypothalamus and propose that the modulation of target cell responsiveness to steroids is an important mechanism by which neurotransmitters affect steroid-dependent processes. The operation of such a mechanism provides a means for environmental, behavioral and emotional events to rapidly and selectively alter steroid effects on behavior and physiology.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Underlying family-size preferences and reproductive behavior.

Although about half the married women in a US survey said they wanted one or two children, underlying family-size preferences indicate a potential for many to have larger families. Using a measure of family-size preference that probes beyond single-valued statements, it is found that identical stated family-size desires or intentions may have different meanings for different people. Differences are systematically related to the stage in family building at which contraception begins, to current (or likelihood of future) use of effective methods, to the probability of continued childbearing, and to unwanted pregnancies.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Hormones, reproductive behavior and fertility in male silver foxes].

The relationships between gonadal and glucocorticoid hormones and reproductive behaviour were estimated in two groups of silver fox males classified as either low or high sex activity. Levels of testosterone and cortisol in peripheral plasma measured by radioimmunoassay did not differ between the groups. However, when receptive females were introduced to experimental males, levels of testosterone in plasma increased significantly only in the males with high sex activity within 1 hr after a test of sexual behaviour. Low sex activity of silver fox males correlated with an increased level of aggressive behaviour and decreased fertility.

Agonistic Behavior↗
PubMed1977

Facilitative and inhibitory influences of reproductive behavior on sperm transport in rats.

Six experiments were performed to investigate the effects of the rat's copulatory behavior on sperm transport in the female's reproductive tract. Data showed that (a) transcervical sperm transport in rats requires 6--10 min after ejaculation for completion; (b) transcervical transport of large numbers of sperm requires that the vaginal plug remain lodged tightly in the vaginal-cervical junction; (c) maintenance of an immobile posture by the male, and possibly by the female, at ejaculation facilitates the deposition of a tightly lodged vaginal plug and the transport of large numbers of sperm through the cervix; (d) a single intromission occurring within 2 min after ejaculation disrupts sperm transport, but more copulatory stimulation is required to disrupt sperm transport when delivered between 4 and 10 min after ejaculation; and (e) the average postejaculatory interval is long enough to prevent a male from disrupting the transport of most of his own sperm from the preceding ejaculation.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Modes of estrus induction as a factor in studies of the reproductive behavior of rodents.

The choice of a mode of estrus for use in studies related to reproductive processes often is made arbitrarily. Females may be in hormone-induced estrus (HIE), cycling estrus (CE), male-induced estrus (MIE), or postpartum estrus (PPE). Although mode of estrus affects various aspects of copulatory behavior in different species in different ways, males mating with PPE females generally require more intromissions to reach ejaculation than with females in HIE or CE; males mating with females in CE generally attain more ejaculations than with PPE females. The duration of receptivity generally is shorter in PPE than in CE. Females in CE and PPE have different stimulus thresholds for pregnancy initiation, with the direction of the difference varying with the species. Among the other phenomena affected by mode of estrus are sperm competition, mate choice, and the Bruce effect. Because mode of estrus can be an important determinant of results, selection of a mode of estrus for any experiment should not be simply a matter of convenience. Further study of effects of mode of estrus is warranted.

Animals↗