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At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

The correlation between otoscopy and otomicroscopy in acute otitis media during healing.

One hundred ears in 50 children were investigated independently by four otolaryngologists during healing of acute otitis media. Interobserver variations of the tympanic membrane were studied. Clinical findings with otoscopy were correlated with otomicroscopy. The investigation showed that there is a substantial interindividual variation in evaluation of the tympanic membrane. Otomicroscopy improves the diagnostic performance and reduces interobserver variations. Interobserver agreement was best for normal tympanic membranes.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Pneumatic otoscopy in healthy full-term infants.

Pneumatic otoscopy was performed on 81 healthy full-term babies during the first 72 hours of life and at routine well-baby follow-up visits. Only 14 of 115 (12%) of the eardrums visualized during the first three days of life moved briskly to insufflation as compared with 29 of 65 (44%) and 50 of 71 (71%) by 3 weeks and 10 weeks of age, respectively. A pink color was noted in 38 of 115 (33%) and redness in five of 115 (4%) of the eardrums examined during the first 72 hours of life, whereas 64 of 71 (90%) of the tympanic membranes appeared gray by age 10 weeks. Tympanic membrane dullness, decreased light reflex, and diminished translucence occurred in greater than 90% of the infants during the first three days of life and declined to 26% or less by 4 months of age. The data suggest that limited mobility, changes in color, poor luster, and relative opacity of the tympanic membrane occur in healthy neonates and may reflect physiologic changes unique to the newborn period.

Color↗
PubMed1997

Video otoscopy in audiologic practice.

Recent advances in endoscopic optics and miniature video camera technology have made video otoscopy (VO) accessible to audiologists in a practical way. Seven categories of VO applications are presented with clinical examples: (1) general examination of the earcanal and tympanic membrane, (2) physician communication/telemedicine, (3) hearing instrument selection and fitting applications, (4) patient education, (5) scope of practice reinforcement, (6) knowledge base/skill growth, and (7) cerumen management.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

[Virtual otoscopy of middle ear structure and pathology].

OBJECTIVE: To assess the value of high-resolution CT data of the temporal bone for the virtual endoscopic (VE) visualization of the ossicular chain and the temporal bone. METHODS: Fifty patients with suspected lesions of middle ear underwent a high-resolution CT of the temporal bone with VE, seventeen patients were subsequently operated. CT examinations of the temporal bone were carried out using spiral equipment and endoscopic 3D processing was carried out on a separate workstation equipped with a flying through program. RESULTS: VE is valuable for the evaluation of ossicular dislocation, disruption and ossicular lysis, morphological anomalies of the malleus, incus, and stapes, as well as for evaluation of normal middle ear structures with high detail. The VE assessment in detecting ossicular disruption of chronic otitis media match the operation exploration perfectly (10 in 11 ears), whereas only 3 in 6 ears of cholesteatoma match the operation exploration. CONCLUSIONS: This image processing method can be used pre-operatively for the individual planning, simulation, and post-operatively for assessment of the position of implants.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Tympanic membrane mobility on otoscopy as an indicator of eustachian function.

Three hundred and twelve ears in 156 subjects were assessed. All the subjects were recruit volunteers to the Submarine and Diving branches of the Royal Navy, who were unable to equilibrate their middle ear pressures when exposed to an environment of increased ambient pressure. All these subjects were found to have a deformity of the vomero-ethmoid suture and underwent submucous resection of the nasal septum to correct their Nose-Ear Distress syndrome. Six weeks after operation each recruit was re-assessed otologically; 29 subjects (18.6%) had bilaterally immobile tympanic membranes and 6 subjects (3.9%) had an unilaterally immobile tympanic membrane on performance of Valsalva and Toynbee maneuvers. Nevertheless, 26 subjects (74.3%) were able to equilibrate their middle ear pressures at a depth equivalent to 10 meters of water. Because of this finding it can be stated that immobility of the tympanic membrane on performance of the Valsalva and Toynbee maneuvers does not necessarily denote the presence of eustachian tube dysfunction.

Acoustic Impedance Tests↗
PubMed1997

Neonatal hearing screening with otoscopy, auditory brain stem response, and otoacoustic emissions.

A study was performed to investigate the relationship between external and middle ear factors and hearing screening results by auditory brain stem response (ABR) and transient evoked otoacoustic emissions (EOAEs). The ears of 200 well newborns aged 5 hours to 48 hours underwent screening by ABR and EOAEs, followed by otoscopic examination. The pass rates for ABR and EOAE screening were 88.5% and 79%, respectively. On otoscopic examination, 13% (53 of 400) ears had occluding vernix obscuring the view of the tympanic membrane. Cleaning of vernix was attempted in ears that failed ABR or EOAE screening. Seventeen ears that failed ABR were cleaned, and 12 (71%) of them passed repeat ABR. Thirty-three ears that failed EOAE screening were cleaned, and 22 (67%) of them passed repeat emissions testing. Cleaning vernix increased the pass rates for ABR and EOAE screening to 91.5% and 84%, respectively. Decreased tympanic membrane mobility was found in 9% of ears that could be evaluated otoscopically. Increased failure rates for both ABR and EOAE screening were found in infant ears with decreased tympanic membrane mobility, but significance testing could not be performed because of inadequate sample size. Prevalence of occluding external canal vernix and middle ear effusion as a function of increasing infant age were studied. Implications for newborn hearing screening are discussed.

Body Fluids↗
PubMed1992

The Welch Allyn Audioscope and Microtymp: their accuracy and that of pneumatic otoscopy, tympanometry and pure tone audiometry as predictors of otitis media with effusion.

Results of standard audiometry and tympanometry were compared with the Welch Allyn 'Audioscope' and 'Microtymp', in the diagnosis of secretory otitis media, in 100 children. Standard pure tone audiometry had a specificity of 92 per cent and sensitivity of 51.6 per cent. The Welch Allyn 'Audioscope' a specificity of 84.2 per cent and sensivity of 57.5 per cent; standard tympanometry a specificity of 71 per cent and sensitivity of 88 per cent; the Welch Allyn 'Microtymp' a specificity of 63 per cent and sensitivity of 90 per cent. In view of cost, portability, and speed of testing the Welch Allyn instruments would be particularly suitable for community screening. Pure tone audiometry with a pass threshold of 25 dB, at 2 and 4 kHz is a poor indicator of effusion.

Acoustic Impedance Tests↗
PubMed2000

Quantitative analysis of tympanic membrane disease using video-otoscopy.

OBJECTIVE: To perform quantitative analysis of pathological changes in the tympanic membrane using video-otoscopic images. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective case-control study. METHODS: Forty-two ears of children with chronic otitis media with effusion (OME) and 15 ears of normal children were included in this study. Tympanic membrane images were captured and digitized using a Welch-Allyn (Skaneatales Falls, NY) VDX-300 Illumination and Imaging system with S-VHS input to a MIRO DC 30 (Pinnacle Systems, Mountain View, CA) visual board in a Power PC-based computer. These images were visualized and recorded during static and pneumatic pressure changes. Quantitative analysis of tympanic membrane disease was performed using Image Pro Plus Imaging software (Media Cybernetics, Del Mar, CA). The measurements included area of the tympanic membrane and its quadrants, area of tympanic membrane involved by disease, angle formed at the umbo, and length of the malleus versus vertical length of the tympanic membrane. RESULTS: Tympanosclerosis was present in 57% of ears and occurred most frequently in the anteroinferior quadrant, but the maximum area of involvement was in the posteroinferior quadrant. The ratio of the angles formed at the umbo was significantly greater (P = .01) for the OME group compared with the control group. The ratio of the length of the umbo and the vertical length of the tympanic membrane was almost identical for the OME and the control groups (P = .4). CONCLUSIONS: Videootoscopic images can be used for quantitative analysis of tympanic membrane disease. The ratio of the posterior angle to the anterior angle formed at the umbo seems to be a more reliable indicator of post otitis media than is a reduced length of the long process of malleus.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Pneumatic otoscopy in infants and children.

The pneumatic otoscope is indispensable in evaluating pressure within the middle ear of infants and children by measuring the tympanic membrane mobility. If the eardrum moves normally in response to positive and negative pressure, then a significant ear effusion, suppurative or nonsuppurative, is highly unlikely. Tympanic membrane color, luster, translucence, and light reflex should therefore be correlated with mobility before any decisions regarding therapy are made. In addition, the pneumatic otoscope with a veterinary otic speculum appears to be a simple and safe way to evaluate the vagina and rectum of infants and young children.

Child↗
PubMed1989

An evaluation of tympanometry, otoscopy and palpation for assessment of the canine tympanic membrane.

Three techniques for the assessment of the integrity of the canine tympanic membrane were evaluated experimentally. Tympanometry, an objective technique, was shown to be very accurate for the evaluation of the integrity of the ear drum. Otoscopic examination by experienced personnel was shown to be moderately accurate under controlled conditions when the external ear canal was not inflammed. However, under field conditions when otitis externa was present, visual inspection of the tympanic membrane was seldom possible even after lavage of the ear. Palpation of the tympanic membrane with a blunt probe was shown to be very inaccurate and led to rupture of the tympanic membrane in a high proportion of cases. These results imply that two widely used techniques for the examination of the canine tympanic membrane are unsatisfactory. Furthermore, they suggest that previous reports of the prevalence of ear drum perforations in dogs may need reappraisal. Tympanometry is a non-invasive, objective and practical technique for the assessment of ear drum integrity which is worthy of further evaluation.

Acoustic Impedance Tests↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Otoscopy and photography: a new method.

A new hand-held otoscope photographic system, convenient and suitable for clinical application, is introduced. This instrument allows clear otoscopic examination in stenotic or tortuous ear canals, and photographs the subject in one procedure. The instrument consists of a rod-lens optical system, a fiberoptic light source, a camera, and exchangeable speculum and a strobe light. Color photographs of tympanic membranes and middle ear pathology are presented.

Ear Canal↗