Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Occupational Status”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Effects of occupational status on the mental health of young Italian men and women. A cross-sectional study.

The study was carried out on 548 subjects (307 women, 244 men) between the ages of 21 and 26, who had all obtained secondary school certificates. The survey was conducted in two contrasting areas, one showing a high rate of unemployment, the other a rate below the national average. The sample was divided into three groups according to occupational status: employed persons, students and persons seeking their first employment. The subjects were given five questionnaires: a demographic form, the General Health Questionnaire, the Beck Depression Inventory, the Beck Hopelessness Scale and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. Our findings revealed that unemployed women experience greater psychological distress while men are more subject to marked depressive states. There were no significant differences between the two areas surveyed.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Workplace smoking restrictions, occupational status, and reduced cigarette consumption.

Reductions in workday cigarette consumption among indoor workers subject to different levels of smoking restriction were examined using representative population data for both blue-collar and white-collar workers. Regardless of whether workplace smoking bans were total or applied only to the usual work station, reported workday cigarette consumption was reduced by approximately five cigarettes per day compared with leisure-day consumption. This was in contrast to there being no difference between workday and leisure-day consumption among those who had no ban on smoking at their usual work station. This pattern of findings applied to all occupational-status groups, after controlling for sex and number of cigarettes smoked on a leisure day. These results are discussed with reference to potential public-health benefits and to implications for reduced retail sales of cigarettes.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Socioeconomic status, occupation, and risk of hospitalisation due to coxarthrosis in Denmark 1981-99.

OBJECTIVES: To predict the relative risk and time trend in hospitalisation due to coxarthrosis (CA) among groups of different socioeconomic status and occupations in order to test existing aetiological hypotheses. METHODS: Four consecutive cohorts of all gainfully employed Danish men were followed up for CA. Standardised hospitalisation ratios (SHR) and time trends were calculated. RESULTS: Self employed men had an SHR due to CA of 140 (95% confidence interval (CI) 130 to 151) in 1994-99. It changed -1.2% (95% CI -2 to -0.4) annually from 1981 to 1999. Self employed farmers had an SHR of 286 (95% CI 262 to 313) during 1994-99, increasing 0.14% a year (95% CI -0.9 to 1.1) from 1981 to 1999. Unskilled men had an SHR of 121 (95% CI 113 to 130) in 1994-99. The SHR increased 1.6% annually (95% CI 0.7 to 2.4) from 1981 to 1999. Employed agricultural workers had an SHR of 189 (95% CI 158 to 227) from 1994 to 1999. The SHR increased 3.7% annually (95% CI 1.2 to 6.2) from 1981 to 1999. CONCLUSIONS: The relative risk of hospitalisation due to CA was consistently high among farmers in four successive analyses spanning an 18 year period. The relative risks remained stable over time despite the fact that the number of farmers decreased. The risk increased among employed workers in agriculture and horticulture over that period, and an increased risk was also found among tractor drivers and a few other occupations.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Drinking and occupational status in New Zealand men.

The self-reported alcohol consumption of various occupational groups in New Zealand is examined. A sample of 10,000, representative of the general adult population, was questioned in 1978-1979. Only data on men (N = 5000) are considered in the present study. Various occupations and groups of occupations are ranked on several variables of frequency and quantity of drinking. The interrelationships of these variables and the working conditions related to them are discussed. There is an association between drinking pattern and general social class, but 61% of the specific occupational groups form a cluster in the range of 25-60 ml of absolute alcohol consumed on one or two occasions per week. The extreme positions on drinking variables of specific occupational groups is examined in terms of job characteristics. Most of the correlations are very low; drinking at work is the highest. The relationships can best be described in terms of the social class of the occupational groups and the frequency vs quantity dichotomy. The distribution of the social classes in terms of drinking intensity is discussed. Employment in the lower classes is related to lower frequency and higher quantity of drinking, and higher cirrhosis mortality. Overall, social class appears to be a more important indicator than occupational group or drinking pattern.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Gender differences in the occupational status of undocumented immigrants in the United States: experience before and after legalization.

"This article examines the incorporation of a national sample of undocumented immigrants both before and after they applied to legalize their status under the provisions of the [U.S.] Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986 (IRCA). Data from the 1989 and 1992 Legalized Population Surveys (LPS-1 and LPS-2) are used. These surveys provide labor force and occupational data for three critical reference periods: as newly arrived undocumented immigrants, as experienced undocumented immigrants, and as documented immigrants.... The overall upward mobility of both men and women between first job and the occupation held at time of application for legalization continued after legalization. On average, men also continued to report higher status jobs than women, although women did somewhat better after their status was legalized." This is a revised version of a paper originally presented at the 1997 Annual Meeting of the Population Association of America.

Americas↗
PubMed2006

[Occupational status and cancer of the oral cavity and oropharynx].

To estimate the risk of occupation in oral and oropharyngeal cancer, a hospital-based case-control study was conducted in Greater Metropolitan São Paulo, Brazil. The study included 325 cases and 468 controls, frequency-matched with cases by sex and age, and interviewed from January 1999 to March 2002. Occupational risks were examined by industry and job titles and restricted to males (266 cases, 362 controls). Odds ratios (OR) were calculated by unconditional logistic regression, controlling for age, smoking, and alcohol. Males working in vehicle maintenance shops (26 cases, 12 controls) showed adjusted OR = 2.45 (95%CI: 1.14-5.27), increasing among those employed 10 or more years (OR = 7.90; 95%CI: 2.03-30.72). Occupation as vehicle repair worker (14 cases, 7 controls) showed OR = 2.10 (95%CI: 0.78-5.68), increasing among workers exposed 10 or more years (OR = 26.21; 95%CI: 2.34-294.06). Other industries and occupations revealed OR higher than 1.5, but not statistically significant. In conclusion, employment in vehicle maintenance shops and occupation as vehicle repair worker showed risk for oral cancer, independently of smoking and alcohol. More prolonged exposure increased the risk.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

Association of alcohol intake, cigarette smoking, and occupational status with the risk of idiopathic osteonecrosis of the femoral head.

To investigate the association of alcohol intake, cigarette smoking, occupation, and other factors with the development of idiopathic osteonecrosis of the femoral head, a nationwide multicenter case-control study was conducted in Japan during 1988-1990, comparing 118 cases with no history of systemic corticosteroid use with 236 controls matched for sex, age, ethnicity, clinic, and date of initial examination. The risks of developing femoral head necrosis associated with potential risk factors were estimated by adjusted relative odds obtained by a conditional logistic regression model. The elevated relative odds were observed for occasional drinkers (relative odds = 3.2, 95% confidence interval 1.1-9.2) and regular drinkers (relative odds = 13.1, 95% confidence interval 4.1-42.5) with a significant dose-response relation (p < 0.001). For current drinkers, the relative odds were 2.8, 9.4, and 14.8 for < 320, 320-799, and > or = 800 g/week of ethanol intake, respectively. An increased risk was found for current smokers (relative odds = 4.7, 95% confidence interval 1.5-14.5), but a linear increasing trend in the cumulative effect of smoking was not evident at 20 pack-years or over. A weak but significant dose-response relation was observed for daily occupational energy consumption (p < 0.05). The present study confirmed the strong association of alcohol intake and positive association of cigarette smoking and suggested the role of heavy physical work.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Cancer and occupation: status and needs of epidemiologic research.

In the United States about 15% of cancer in men and 5% of cancer in women is probably due to occupational exposures. Yet, among the populations actually exposed, occupational cancer is a major health hazard. Further, occupational carcinogenesis should be studied because of it scientific interest and the likely generalizability of findings to non-occupational exposures. The alert clinician remains the most important source of leads to occupational cancer. When groups of cases occur, particularly cases of rare tumors among relatively young persons, an occupational exposure should be suspect. A reasonably detailed occupation history should be included in every medical record. Formal evaluation, measurement of risk and identification of specific hazards is usually done by epidemiologic methods. Several approaches to the improvement of these methods and, possibly, to disease control are presented.

Adult↗