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PubMedDate not supplied

[Isolation of the causative agent of ornithosis from gamasid mites].

A microorganism was isolated from Gamasoid mites (Ornithonyssus sylviarum) collected in nests of blue rock pigeons by means of blind passages in white mice and chick embryos. The studies of its morphological, cultural, and antigenic properties and pathogenicity for laboratory animals permitted to identify it as the causative agent of ornithosis. It is suggested that the possibility of infection of ectoparasites is determined to a considerable extent by the degree of activity of the infectious process in the hosts. Ornithonyssus sylviarum may be assumed to be one of additional reservoirs of the causative agent of ornithosis in nature.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[The risk of ornithosis among the staff of Copenhagen Zoo].

Because a keeper in Copenhagen ZOO had developed ornithosis, clinical and serological examination of the staff of the ZOO was instituted. The object was to demonstrate any possible threatening epidemic and also to demonstrate if the staff of the ZOO were particularly exposed to the risk of ornithosis. Neither of these could be confirmed.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Variants of pneumonia-like pulmonary lesions in ornithosis].

The paper presents clinical examples evidencing complicated diagnosis and course characteristics for the pulmonary variant of ornithosis infection. There is a table of the leading diagnostic signs promoting more rapid and precise determination of the ornithosis origin of the pulmonary inflammation.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1989

[Kawasaki syndrome associated with ornithosis].

The authors report a case involving a five-month old infant with protracted fever, lymphadenitis, exanthema, diarrhoea and sudden death. At post mortem, serological proof was discovered of a significant increase in antibodies against ornithosis. Autopsy revealed signs indicative of ornithosis and, simultaneously, of changes in the sense of multisystem vasculitis, predominantly in the region of the coronary bed as characteristic of Kawasaki's syndrome.

Humans↗
PubMed1978

[Use of the immunofluorescent microagglutination reaction for the purpose of studying ornithosis infection. 1. Production and approbation of a corpuscular luminescent diagnosticum].

A method of obtaining the fluorescent ornithosis corpuscular diagnostic agent providing for the extraction of the corpuscular antigen with its subsequent conjugation with fluorochrome-fluoresceine isothiocyanate. The use of this preparation permits to stage the agglutination reaction on the basis of immunofluorescent analysis, this facilitating the recording of the reaction results and considerably decreasing consumption of the diagnostic agent. As shown, the suggested immunofluorescent microagglutination reaction was characterised by a sufficiently high sensitivity, specificity, and can be used for detection of antibodies to the causative agent of ornithosis.

Agglutination Tests↗
PubMed1979

Prevalence of ornithosis and other Chlamydia-like infections in the Ukrainian SSR.

The prevalence of ornithosis and other Chlamydia infections among various groups of the population, some species of birds and mammals was studied in several regions of the Ukrainian SSR. Among the town population having no occupational contact with domestic fowl and farm animals, complement-fixing antibodies to group ornithosis antigen were found in 6.5% of the examined, among the inhabitants of rural localities in 8.4% and among the workers of poultry farms in 19.9%. During the examination of the immunological state of the workers of cattle-breeding farms, antibodies were detected in 15.1%. Pigeons, hens and ducks were investigated as probable sources of infection. The number of positively reacting individuals was 53.7, 13,7 and 24.9%, respectively. This indicates that they play a role in the spread of infection. The obtained data point out a considerable spread of Chlamydia infections among farm animals. Positive results of serological examination were recorded in pigs in 25.7%, in calves in 15.1% and in 8.6% of cases examined.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Disturbances of cell-mediated immunity in ornithosis.

27 cases of ornithosis were observed during an epidemia in 1980 in Kielce and subsequently followed with respect to immunological characteristics of peripheral blood lymphocytes. Blastic transformation of these cells was tested after stimulation in vitro with three different mitogens. Identification of peripheral blood T and B lymphocytes was done using rosette tests (E,EA,EAC) and the occurrence of surface immunoglobulins was determined by the immunofluorescent method with polyvalent anti-immunoglobulin serum. The counts of T and B lymphocytes in the peripheral blood were normal throughout the whole period of the observation, but from the 3rd week on a significant impairment of 3H-thymidine incorporation into the cells stimulated with Con A was observed, and from the 10th week on, this impairment appeared also in cells stimulated with PHA and PWM. These observations revealed considerable disturbances in cell-mediated reactivity in patients with ornithosis and seem to be connected with chronic infection with Chlamydia psittaci.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Participation of species specific and group specific ornithosis antigens in immune reactions].

The immunogenic properties of the species-specific antigen localized in the elementary particle membrane and group-specific or inner antigen of the causative agent of ornithosis were studied. The species specific antigen was shown to induce the antibody neutralizing the infectious properties of the agent as well as those agglutinating elementary bodies, inhibiting hemagglutination, and complement-fixing antibody detectable in the direct and indirect complement-fixation tests. The results indicate that the antigens most clearly defining the species-specific properties of the causative agent of ornithosis are localized in the elementary particle membrane. These antigens may be used for differential diagnosis studies employing not only CFT but also other antibody tests.

Agglutination Tests↗
PubMed1996

[Severe course of ornithosis and its intensive care and diagnostic problems--a case report].

Ornithosis is still a life-threatening illness unless diagnosed early and adequately treated with antibiotics. Diagnosis, however, is difficult because often no direct contact with birds is obvious. We report on the course of a severe case of ornithosis in a 45-year-old man who had no previous health problems. Infection with Chlamydia psittaci probably occurred by inhaling of contaminated dust produced by flocks of wild pigeons. A special feature of the case is that commonly used serological tests (complement fixation reaction, CFR; ELISA) failed to yield clear results. Since propagation of Chlamydia psittaci requires special biological laboratory containment facility no. 3, we were able to detect the pathogen in faeces, blood, and urine using the direct immunofluorescence antibody technique (DIFT) and a modified peroxidase antiperoxidase technique (PAP). A lot of Chlamydia psittaci was found. These results were verified by electron microscopy. As a result, the treatment could be quickly adjusted to the application of doxycyclin, which led to a rapid improvement in the patient's condition. This direct detection of Chlamydia psittaci by DIFT, the PAP technique or electron microscopy, also in faeces, blood and urine specimens, represents a useful addition to the usual microbiological methods for the diagnosis of this pathogen.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The clinico-immunological characteristics of ornithosis-related pneumonia].

Examination of 38 patients with pneumonic form of ornithosis revealed important immunological shifts of suppressor type secondary immuno-deficiency. The condition runs protracted course, with the pneumonic foci being observable for some length, the physical findings not remarkable. The presence of secondary immuno-deficiency suggests that conventional therapy of ornithosis provides no benefit in patients and warrants the use of immunomodulating agents to deal with the above condition.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Ornithosis pneumonia associated with haemolysis.

The case of a patient with ornithosis pneumonia associated with a haemolytic anaemia is described. The infection responded to oxytetracycline and the anaemia subsequently resolved.

Anemia, Hemolytic↗
PubMed1995

Diagnosis of ornithosis by cell culture and polymerase chain reaction in a patient with chronic pneumonia.

We report the case of a woman who had pneumonia due to Chlamydia psittaci. A Chlamydia species was determined to be the causative agent of the pneumonia because it was isolated from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, because it could be detected in lung biopsy specimens by the direct immunofluorescence technique, and because Chlamydia-specific antibodies could be detected by ELISA and microimmunofluorescence. The infectious agent could not be identified at the species level with use of serological techniques, but the isolate was determined to be C. psittaci by PCR with use of species- and genus-specific sequences within the chlamydial lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis gene gseA. The case reported herein exemplifies the problems encountered in diagnosing ornithosis and shows that isolation of the etiologic agent followed by identification of the species by PCR is helpful in diagnosing this rare disease. In addition, the findings in our case show that laboratory personnel who are conducting tests for Chlamydia pneumoniae should be aware of the risk of accidentally isolating highly infectious C. psittaci organisms.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

Successful treatment by doxycycline of endocarditis caused by ornithosis.

The case of a 59 year old man with ornithosis endocarditis and a history of contact with pheasants is reported. Treatment with oxytetracycline was not tolerated and so doxycycline was substituted. Over the two year follow up the patient's clinical condition and serial echocardiographic appearances improved and Chlamydia psittaci complement fixation titres returned to normal. Valve replacement was not required.

Doxycycline↗
PubMed1989

A clinical and epidemiological study of "ornithosis" caused by Chlamydia psittaci and Chlamydia pneumoniae (strain TWAR).

Ornithosis is a notifiable disease in Sweden since 1954. In 1981 and 1982 a sharp increase in the number of notifications occurred. Since then the number has declined but is still high. A changed epidemiology characterized by no history of bird contact and no common source, raised the suspicion of a new agent. Serological data now suggest that the epidemic was to a substantial part due to Chlamydia pneumoniae (strain TWAR) (48% of the patients during 1981-1982 compared to 9% during 1984-1987). During recent years TWAR infections have thus become uncommon but reappearance can be expected in the near future. The clinical picture as well as the complications appear to be very similar in infections caused by C. pneumoniae and C. psittaci.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Ornithosis as a nosocomial infection.

An outbreak of ornithosis in the department of infectious diseases of a general hospital is described. The outbreak comprised 12 cases aged 18-80 years. The index case had a history of contact with birds. He developed a serious illness and died. 11 persons contracted the disease after contact with the index case; 8 of them were personnel of the clinic of infectious diseases and 1 case was a patient hospitalized in the same room as the index case. All of the patients showed a typical pneumonia and one of them had symptoms of encephalitis. Treatment with doxycycline was successful. 200 healthy contacts were treated prophylactically with doxycycline. None of these displayed any symptoms of disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

[Encephalitis and ornithosis].

Neuropathology of ornithosis encephalitis in an adult man is reported. Lesions were widespread with severe vascular congestion, hyaline thrombi, intense perivascular infiltration by mononucleated cells and microglial reaction in the parenchyma. No specific lesion of the neurons was found.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Micromethod for the HA and HI tests in ornithosis].

The possibility of using the HA and HI tests in micromethod modifications in ornithosis was studied. The hemagglutinating activity of various antigens was tested. By the employment of the micromethod antihemagglutinins were found in sera from patients, immunized animals (donkey and guinea pigs) as well as from pigeons and ducks. No antibody was found in control sera and sera from tortoises. The results of the HA and HI tests performed by macro- and micromethod were similar. The micromethod is as sensitive as the macromethod but the former is more economic and permits a larger amount of work to be done simultaneously.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Alveolar macrophage response to experimentally induced ornithosis.

Effects of two strains of the agent of ornithosis upon alveolar macrophages of mice were compared. Macrophages were obtained by lavages of the lower respiratory tract. Experimental mice were intranasally infected with 100 LD50 of strain P 89 and strain Stanglová, respectively. Up to the culmination of the disease (from 6th to 8th day in P 89 and from 5th to 8th day in Stanglová), the number of harvested macrophages increased. The phagocytic index soon reached values around 40% (P 89) and 25% (Stanglová). Basophilic and eosinophilic macrophages increased in volume and their nuclear as well as plasma membranes became disrupted. A tendency of alveolar macrophages to fuse and form syncytial elements and sporadically, rosets, was observed. All cells in the lavage went through the same changes. Histological examination has shown initial changes in epithelial cells of bronchi and development of pneumonia after fusion of peribronchial leucocytic infiltrates. By employing the above described technique, no great changes in the quality of the effects of either strain P 89 or Stanglová were found. A slight difference was observed only in the degree of alveolar macrophage stimulation and in the onset of symptoms.

Animals↗