Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Neurotic Disorders”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

The short-term outcome of neurotic disorders in the community: the relation of remission to clinical factors and to "neutralizing' life events.

A longitudinal study of neurotic disorder in the community showed that half the cases identified at first interview had remitted one month later. Remission was significantly related to four variables: recency of onset and of peak of the disorders, the occurrence of recent threatening life events and the occurrence of subsequent "neutralizing' life events. A neutralizing event was defined a priori as one which neutralized the impact of an earlier threatening life event or difficulty. One third of all remissions were caused by such an event. Remission of disorder was not significantly related to demographic variables, symptom severity, syndrome type, medical consultation or psychotropic drug prescription. The implications for neurotic disorder in the community are discussed, in particular its relation to life events and the favourable outcome in the absence of treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

[Neurotic disorders: clinical and biochemical comparison].

Parameters of lipid peroxidation (LP) and those of the lipid composition of membrane erythrocytes were examined in 22 patients with neurotic disorders (adaptation disorders and neurasthenia). 45 healthy donors were in the control group. The deposition of cholesterol and of lysophosphotidylcholine as well as a reduced mean level of phosphatidylethanolamine were observed in the erythrocyte membrane of patients with neuroses. An increased mean content of malonic dialdehyde and of diene conjugates in the erythrocyte membrane and reduced mean values of the activity of antioxidant catalase enzyme were detected. However, the cluster analysis made it possible to establish an intensification of LP processes only in patients with the disease duration below three months. It is not ruled out that the reason of the detected heterogeneity of changed parameters characterizing the structural-and-metabolic status of erythrocytes in patients with neurotic disorders is related with differing natures of the adaptation abilities of the body under the influence of various stress factors.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[The "cognitive pupillary oscillation hypothesis" in patients with neurotic disorders and organic psychosyndrome: reliability and validity of a new psychophysiologic method].

A new psychophysiological method called "cognitive pupillary oscillation hypothesis" is introduced. Under the influence of a cognitive test (simple calculations) changes of the maximal amplitudes of pupillary oscillations, reflecting central nervous activation, are observed. In healthy subjects a retest reliability of 0.75-0.85 was calculated. Furthermore, the data after FFT (Fast Fourier Transform) of pupillary oscillations of two populations of patients (n = 509 and 396, respectively) showed a high stability. The validity of the method was determined by means of a procedure similar to cross validation. The use of the "cognitive pupillary oscillation hypothesis" for the differential diagnosis between patients with neurotic disorders (ICD 9: 300) (n = 73) and patients with organic brain syndrome (ICD 9: 290, ICD 291.2) (n = 34) is demonstrated.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

The natural history of neurotic disorder in an elderly urban population. Findings from the Liverpool longitudinal study of continuing health in the community.

A random community sample of 1070 subjects aged 65 years and over was interviewed at home using the GMS-AGECAT package and followed up three years later. Neurotic symptoms were common, but symptoms sufficient to reach 'case' level were much less frequent. The overall prevalence of neurotic 'cases' was 2.4% in year 0 and 1.4% in year 3. The incidence was estimated as a minimum of 4.4 per 1000 per year over the age of 65. Women were more likely to be 'cases' than men but not 'subcases', and there was a general decline in prevalence with increasing age, particularly for 'subcases'. Anxiety was the commonest neurotic subtype. After three years, 'cases' were shown not to persist, but this did not reflect wellness. There was a tendency still to have some symptoms, but the predominant symptom appeared to change, suggesting a possible chronic neurotic disorder with changing presentation over time. Depressive symptoms were closely associated with this presentation, suggesting that depression may be an important and integral part of a general, changing neurotic disorder.

Aged↗
PubMed2003

[Efficacy of acupressure therapy in combined treatment of psycho-autonomic neurotic disorders in children].

The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of acupuncture in combined treatment of psychoautonomic neurotic disorders in children. 163 children, mean age 12.5 years, were included in the study. Autonomic dysfunction score, clinoorthostatic test, sinocarotid test and heart rate variability analysis were used to assess the efficacy of different therapeutic strategies applied: complex (acupuncture + conventional drug treatment)--group 1; acupuncture treatment--group 2, and conventional drug treatment--group 3. After 2 months of treatment, a reduction of autonomic dysfunction score and an increase of percentage of patients with normal clinoorthostatic and sinocarotid tests were revealed in all the groups, being most evident in group 1. Heart rate spectral variability changed in patients given acupuncture treatment (groups 1 and 2). Relative augmentation of sympathetic activity was observed in patients with initial vagotonia, while those with initial symphaticotonia exhibited a relative parasympathetic activity increase. Thus, acupuncture exerts beneficial effects on functioning of autonomic nervous system. The method may be used either independently, or in addition to conventional drug treatment of psychoautonomic neurotic disorders in children.

Acupressure↗
PubMed2002

Structural abnormalities and changes in Na,K-ATPase activity in erythrocyte membranes in patients with neurotic disorders.

We studied structural and metabolic characteristics of erythrocyte membranes in 19 patients with neurotic disorders (neurasthenia and dysadaptation). Microviscosity of the lipid phase in erythrocyte membranes increased in 13 patients, and Na,K-ATPase activity decreased in 6 patients. Various changes in test parameters are probably associated with different adaptive capacities of the organism under stress conditions.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

The Nottingham Study of Neurotic Disorder: predictors of 12-year outcome of dysthymic, panic and generalized anxiety disorder.

BACKGROUND: Controlled prospective studies of the simultaneous long-term outcome of several mental disorders are rare. This study sought to determine if there were important differences between the outcome of anxiety and depressive disorders after 12 years and to examine their main predictors. METHOD: A cohort of 210 people seen in general practice psychiatric clinics with a DSM-III diagnosis of generalized anxiety disorder (71), panic disorder (74), or dysthymic disorder (65), including combined anxiety-depressive disorder (cothymia) (67) was followed up after 12 years. Interview assessments of symptoms, social functioning and outcome were made, the latter using a new scale, the Neurotic Disorder Outcome Scale. Seventeen baseline predictors were also examined. RESULTS: Data were obtained from 201 (96 %) patients, 17 of whom had died. Only 73 (36 %) had no DSM diagnosis at the time of follow-up. Using univariate and stepwise multiple linear regression those with cothymia, personality disorder, recurrent episodes and greater baseline self-rated anxiety and depression ratings had a worse outcome than others; initial diagnosis did not contribute significantly to outcome and instability of diagnosis over time was much more common than consistency. CONCLUSION: Only two out of five people with the common neurotic disorders have a good outcome despite alleged advances in treatment. Those with greater mood symptoms and pre-morbid personality disorder have the least favourable outcome. It is suggested that greater attention be paid to the concurrent treatment of personality disorder and environmental factors rather than symptoms as these may be the real cause of apparent treatment resistance.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

The short-term outcome of neurotic disorders in the community - demographic and clinical predictors of remission.

A one month longitudinal study of neurotic disorders in a London community was carried out, using the Present State Examination, a structured psychiatric interview. Remission of disorder at the one month follow-up was not significantly associated with demographic variables, although remission was somewhat more common in young single males of higher social class. Remission was significantly related to recent onset of disorder and there was a tendency toward lower rates of both medical consultation and prescription of psychotropic medication in the follow-up period. Surprisingly, perhaps, initial severity of the disorder and syndrome type did not predict remission. The implications of these findings are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Outcome of neurotic disorders in African patients. 8 and 9 year follow-up study.

Among 130 patients who attended the neurotic diseases clinic in Benin 1963--1965, it was possible to follow-up 60 patients 8--9 years later. Thirty-four patients were diagnosed as anxiety cases and of these 21 had recovered and a further five were considerably improved. Nineteen patients were considerably improved. Nineteen patients were considered cases of neurotic depression and of these only three had recovered whereas 14 had residual symptoms, although five showed considerable improvement. Two of the depressive patients had died, one during the civil war, the other presumably committed suicide. Of five patients with hysteria, one had recovered and one had become worse, one patient with hypochondriasis had also recovered whereas one patient with obsessional neurosis did not recover. The results are in line with similar European and American follow-up studies of neurotic disorder except that the depressive patients showed a less satisfactory outcome.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Burden on key relatives of patients with schizophrenia vs neurotic disorders: a pilot study.

The burden perceived by the key relatives of 27 schizophrenics and 19 patients with neurotic disorders, both with at least a minimal degree of personal/social disability and a current exacerbation of symptoms, was assessed by a self-administered questionnaire. Only modest quantitative and qualitative differences between the two samples of key relatives were found. The burden perceived by the relatives of schizophrenics was more closely related to the patients' personal/social disability than that reported by the relatives of neurotic patients. The psychopathological features of schizophrenic patients that were perceived as the most burdensome were "negative" symptoms, whereas the burden reported by the relatives of neurotic patients was predominantly related to obsessive/compulsive and anxiety symptoms.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Overcoming neuroses: lay attributions of cure for five specific neurotic disorders.

This study was concerned with lay beliefs about the importance of 24 different contributors towards overcoming five neurotic disorders. In this study, subjects (n = 113) completed a questionnaire indicating how effective 24 factors were to overcoming five specific problems: social phobia, panic disorder, obsessive compulsive disorder, generalized anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder. Factor analysis revealed almost identical clusters for each problem, and a factor structure very close to Furnham and McDermott (1994). Three factors emerged and were labeled self-reliance, seeking help, and external control. The perceived relevance of only seeking help differed significantly between problems, with seeking help rated as most important and self-reliance least important overall. Some individual difference factors (sex and religion) were found to predict certain factor attributions for specific disorders. Post-traumatic stress disorder was considered most in need of help and social phobia/panic disorder least. Females believed more in seeking help than males, who stressed external control more than females. Religious respondents rated external control more highly than nonreligious respondents. The clinical relevance of studying attributions for cure is also considered.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Cross-national comparison of prevalence of symptoms of neurotic disorders in older people in two community samples.

The objective of this research was to compare the prevalence of symptoms characteristic of neurotic disorders in two different cultural settings. The design was two random community samples in Liverpool (United Kingdom) and Zaragoza (Spain), of 1070 and 1080 people aged 65 and over. The main outcome measures were the rating of symptoms on the Geriatric Mental State and syndrome levels using the Automated Geriatric Examination for Computer Assisted Taxonomy. The results showed substantial differences between the two cities in the symptomatic pattern of phobias, but both the symptomatic and syndrome presentation of obsessional, hypochrondriacal and anxiety disorders were much more similar.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The microcirculation and the succinate and NADH dehydrogenase activities of the brain in neurotic disorders of the higher nervous activity in white rats].

A correlation was made between microcirculation and energy metabolism in the brain of 50 neurotized rats. Neurotic disorders were defined by characteristics of conditioning, arterial pressure, breathing rate and heart rate. In vivo biomicroscopy revealed modification of the state of blood vessels at rest and inverted reaction of brain pial vessels of neurotized rats to bilateral occlusion of common carotid arteries. Ratio of activities of respiratory cycle enzymes (succinate and NADH-dehydrogenases) was indicative of hypoxic state of the animals under study.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

[Experience in using the latent activity of leukocytic lactate dehydrogenase isoenzymes for the integral estimate of the level of free radical oxidation in patients with neurotic disorders].

The aggregatory properties of a leukocytic homogenate were studied by analyzing the activity of its lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) isoenzymes from patients with neurotic disorders on admission and during treatment. As a parameter reflecting the aggregatory properties of the leukocytic homogenate, the latent activity of LDH isoenzymes was studied. On admission, the patients were shown to have a lower latent activity, which restored during treatment to the control values, than in the control group. There was also a synchronous pattern of a change in the osmotic stability of red blood cells with the latent activity of leukocytic LDH isoenzymes in the treated patients. It is obvious that latent activity values reflect the level of free radical oxidation in the body. For detailed testing of the aggregatory properties of a cellular lysate, the trends in the latent activity of LDH isoenzymes were examined, which failed to reveal an unambiguous recovery of the observed parameters during therapy. Based on the findings, the author discusses whether this method can be used to analyze the time course of changes in a psychopathological process and to predict its outcome.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Unequal access and unmet need: neurotic disorders and the use of primary care services.

In this paper we use data from the National Survey of Psychiatric Morbidity to examine how many people with neurotic disorders receive professional evaluation, and how this is affected by clinical and sociodemographic differences. We hypothesized that psychiatric symptoms and attendant dysfunctions would both have an effect on contacting, and that key demographic variables would not. The household component of the British National Surveys of Psychiatric Morbidity was based on a random sample of >10,000 subjects. Lay interviewers using the CIS-R established psychiatric symptoms and ICD-10 diagnosis. Social dysfunction was tapped by asking about difficulties in performing seven types of everyday activity. We examined symptom score, ADL deficit score, and demographic variables in relation to contact with primary care physicians for psychiatric symptoms. The major determinant of contacting a primary care physician was severity, mainly due to the level of psychiatric symptoms, but with an independent contribution from social dysfunction. There were also significant contributions from sex, marital status, age, employment status, and whether the subject had a physical condition as well. The major influence on whether people seek the help of their family doctors for mental health problems is the severity of disorder. Although there are some social inequalities in access to family doctors, these are less important. The most salient finding from our study is that even people suffering from high levels of psychiatric symptoms very often do not have contact with professionals who might help them.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Unequal access and unmet need: neurotic disorders and the use of primary care services.

BACKGROUND: In this paper we use data from the National Survey of Psychiatric Morbidity to examine how many people with neurotic disorders receive professional evaluation, and how this is affected by clinical and sociodemographic differences. We hypothesized that psychiatric symptoms and attendant dysfunctions would both have an effect on contacting, and that key demographic variables would not. METHOD: The household component of the British National Surveys of Psychiatric Morbidity was based on a random sample of > 10,000 subjects. Psychiatric symptoms and ICD-10 diagnosis were established by lay interviewers using the CIS-R. Social dysfunction was tapped by asking about difficulties in performing seven types of everyday activity. We examined symptom score, ADL deficit score and demographic variables in relation to contact with primary care physicians for psychiatric symptoms. RESULTS: The major determinant of contacting a primary care physician was severity, mainly due to the level of psychiatric symptoms, but with an independent contribution from social dysfunction. There were also significant contributions from sex, marital status, age, employment status and whether the subject had a physical condition as well. CONCLUSIONS: The major influence on whether people seek the help of their family doctors for mental health problems is the severity of disorder. Although there are some social inequalities in access to family doctors, these are less important. The most salient finding from our study is that even people suffering from high levels of psychiatric symptoms very often do not have contact with professionals who might help them.

Activities of Daily Living↗