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PubMed1992

A short multilingual quality of life questionnaire--practicability, reliability and interlingual homogeneity.

International cooperative clinical trials require a multilingual quality of life questionnaire. The 'International Society for Chemo- and Immunotherapy' therefore designed a study to develop and test a 'health accentuated' quality of life questionnaire in the eight languages spoken in this society. The objective was to examine practicability, reliability and interlingual homogeneity. Versions of the questionnaire in Czech, German, Hungarian, Italian, Kroatian, Polish, Romanian and Slovakian have been prepared. The results are based on data of 1,104 adult patients. They demonstrate that the developed questionnaire is practicable. Patients need 10-15 min to answer it, usually without assistance. The proportion of missing values is for all but two questions less than 3%. The questionnaire also found high acceptance reflected by only 2.7% refusals. It is reasonably reliable in each language. Interlingual homogeneity could be shown by demonstration of strong structural similarities between the different versions using multidimensional scaling, factor analysis and comparison of mean profiles.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Providing medication abortion information to diverse communities: use patterns of a multilingual web site.

OBJECTIVE: This study analyzes the use patterns of , an English-, Spanish-, Arabic- and French-language web site dedicated to three methods of early pregnancy termination: mifepristone/misoprostol, methotrexate/misoprostol and misoprostol alone. METHODS: This study examines both the overall and language-specific use patterns of the web site from October 1, 2004, through September 30, 2005. Data were recorded using Wusage 8.0, a web site statistics program. RESULTS: Over the 12-month study period, received more than 78,000 visits and nearly 240,000 page requests. The English version is the most popular version of the web site (accessed in 46.1% of all visits), followed by the Spanish (35.0%), Arabic (10.4%) and French (8.8%) versions. Spanish-language visits are nearly three times as likely to access the misoprostol-only section of the web site when compared with the other language versions (p<.001). CONCLUSION: This study confirms that multilingual, medically accurate online resources have the potential to expand information about medication abortion to both providers and women considering the option of abortion in diverse communities. Analysis of the language-specific use patterns highlights the different priorities of various types of web site visitors and suggests future priorities for educational outreach, collaboration and research.

Abortifacient Agents↗
PubMed1999

Multilingual bracket treatment combined with orthognathic surgery in a skeletal class III patient with facial asymmetry.

A case report is presented on a female adult with a Class III mandibular protrusion. Resolution of her dentoskeletal problem required a combination of comprehensive multibonded orthodontic mechanotherapy and orthognathic surgery. The patient preferred a multilingual bracket appliance because of esthetics. Both surgical and orthodontic treatment were quite successful in the correction of the facial profile and occlusion. Both psychological and esthetic satisfaction were achieved.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Vowel and consonant identification tests can be used to compare performances in a multilingual group of cochlear implant patients.

Vowel and consonant identification tests were conducted in the sound-only condition in a multilingual group of 13 totally deaf patients who are users of the Ineraid multichannel cochlear implant. Native languages ranged across French, German, Italian, Spanish, Albanian and Swahili. We found high correlations (r > -0.83) among vowel or consonant identification scores and 'subjective ranking' scores established on the basis of a subjective evaluation of the patient's speech reception abilities in the sound-only condition. Detailed analysis demonstrates that the identification of vowel and consonant is dominated by the perception of acoustic cues characteristic of the set of stimuli used as well as by the strengths and weaknesses of the speech processing of the cochlear implant system. We did not find any systematic pattern in the results that could be related to the native language of the patients. These results suggest that vowel as well as consonant identification tests are effective means to compare the performance of cochlear implant patients even across different native languages. They also indicate that, in the future, one can conduct a fewer number of the many different (e.g. nonsense-syllable, word, sentence, speech-tracking) tests when evaluating the speech recognition abilities of patients with the implant.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

English-only work rules: balancing fair employment considerations in a multicultural and multilingual healthcare workforce.

Most healthcare organizations are currently or will shortly be composed of a multicultural and multilingual workforce. In attempting to manage such diverse workforces. English-only work rules may be necessary to ensure effective communication among workers. However, care must be taken to insure that the employees' rights to free speech and a harassment-free workplace are not infringed by utilizing English-only work rules. This article attempts to assist the healthcare manager in dealing with the legal aspects of English-only work rules. Specifically, an examination of two legal cases is provided to illustrate the various legal aspects of such work rules. Also, suggestions are offered as to how and when, or when not, to implement English-only work rule in order to avoid possible liability.

Cultural Diversity↗
PubMed1975

A multilingual self-administered symptom history.

A multilingual computer-derived symptom history was developed from a two-stage yes-no symptom questionaire, based on a library of 4,000 numbered questions. The English primary and secondary questionaires were translated into German, Italian, French, Spanish, Greek and Yugoslav. "Yes" answers to the numbered primary questions presented in these languages were processed by a computer that generated individualized secondary questions in the same language. "Yes" answers to these numbered questions were processed by a second computer program that printed out the narrative history in English. As well as other benefits of automated symptom histories, there is now a facility for the computer to acquire a patient's history in one language and print it out in any other.

Computers↗
PubMed2001

A multilingual medical thesaurus browser for patients and medical content managers.

This paper introduces a user-friendly browser interface which integrates multilingual search and browsing functionalities within medical thesauri via the internet. The tool is being developed as part of the GIN Austria Patient Information System and is based on an adapted datamodel of the MeSH thesaurus. A prototype offers the possibility to build up queries and export lists of MeSH main headings collected during browsing the relevant MeSH trees. The thesaurus browser can be used both by patients and citizens to build queries based on a controlled vocabulary to match them with existing documents within GIN and by medical information managers to find out appropriate keywords for interactive tagging or indexing of medical contents. A key component of this tool is the flexible choice of different languages of the MeSH datasource as well as of the user interface. Both can be changed independently at any point during a session. Another central aspect is the use of the UMLS Metathesaurus in combination with localized Thesaurus versions due to existing international character set problems.

Abstracting and Indexing↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The multilingual videotape project: community involvement in a unique health education program.

The large number of Southeast Asian, Hispanic, and Portuguese immigrants in Rhode Island face formidable language and cultural barriers in gaining access to the health care that they need. As the funding for refugee-specific programs diminishes, the focus is on programs that encourage self-sufficiency, assist in gaining access to mainstream health care, and involve a collaboration among service agencies and the communities they serve. On behalf of a coalition of health care and community agencies, Women and Infants Hospital of Rhode Island received a private foundation grant to produce nine multilingual videotapes that would educate immigrants and refugees about health issues specific to them and help them access the health care system. The project was structured to maximize the involvement of the various communities and to "empower" community members in working with mainstream service agencies. Coalition and other community members provided input into topic selection, script content, and presentation methods for the videotapes that would be culturally appropriate. During the 2-year project, nine videotapes were produced with narration in seven languages. Copies of the videotapes were distributed free of charge to coalition members.

Asia, Southeastern↗
PubMed2005

Misunderstandings: a qualitative study of primary care consultations in multilingual settings, and educational implications.

BACKGROUND: Patients in inner-city areas come from increasingly diverse language and cultural backgrounds. Neither communications training modelled on local English speakers nor the provision of interpreters offer adequate solutions. AIM: To identify how patients with limited English and culturally different communication styles consult with general practitioners (GPs) in English, and to develop training strategies from both good practice and observed misunderstandings. METHODS: Randomly selected routine and emergency surgeries in 19 inner London general practices were video-recorded. The videos were viewed independently by 2 discourse analysts. Key consultations, across a wide range of English language ability, were selected and transcribed to analyse misunderstandings resulting from language/cultural differences. RESULTS: Of the 232 video recordings that were made, 20% were with patients with limited English and contained major and often extended misunderstandings. QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS: Four main categories of patient 'talk' contributing to misunderstandings are identified: (1) pronunciation and word stress; (2) intonation and speech delivery; (3) grammar, vocabulary and lack of contextual information; and (4) style of presentation. The importance of different styles of self-presentation by patients as the reason for misunderstandings is highlighted. On only 3 occasions were culturally specific health beliefs raised. CONCLUSION: It is routine for GPs in inner London practices to manage consultations with patients with culturally different communicative styles from their own. Specific training in identifying these problems and preventing/repairing them in the consultation is essential. This level of awareness-raising is more crucial than general discussions of culturally different health belief models.

Communication↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Acquired alexia in multilingual aphasia and computer-assisted treatment in both languages: issues of generalisation and transfer.

This single-subject study addresses the issue of investigation and remediation of an acquired reading impairment observed in a Spanish-English bilingual speaker. Detailed bilingual reading testing showed parallel disturbances in the two languages, both from a qualitative and a quantitative point of view, with characteristics of letter-by-letter and aphasic alexia. On the basis of this mixed pattern, common to both languages, a two-step computer-assisted remediation programme was designed for English, then for Spanish, using a crossover AB-AB design. Therapy A consisted of tasks aimed at the inhibition of letter-by-letter reading. This was alternated with therapy B, which was designed to address phonological assembly. Results on therapy reveal transfer of gains when common reading processing are involved and language-specific gains with a greater benefit on the mother tongue when phonological representations are required in therapy and assessment. Consequences for language choice in bilingual aphasia therapy are discussed on the basis of these results.

Aphasia↗
PubMed2005

Diabetic foot care: multilingual translation of a patient education leaflet.

The American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society "Diabetic Foot Care" patient education leaflet was revised to improve the layout and emphasis of key concepts of preventive care. This included review of daily foot and shoe examination, danger signs, daily washing and foot care, shoe fitting, medical care, and avoidance of dangerous acts. The leaflet was expanded to occupy two sides of a page, retaining the capability of production in tear-off sheet format to facilitate distribution to patients in the clinical office. Furthermore, the leaflet was translated into 19 other languages for diabetic patients in the United States and around the world with limited English language comprehension.

Diabetic Foot↗
PubMed2001

Language remediation in mother tongue: a paediatric multilingual picture resource.

Bilingual clients frequently feature on speech and language therapists' caseloads and yet they are rarely assessed and treated in their mother tongue. There are few assessments targeting languages other than English. Culturally and linguistically appropriate assessment and remediation materials should be devised for the differing needs of each distinct population. This paper describes the Pakistani Heritage Asian population in Rochdale and one of the first steps taken to address its needs: the development of an early expressive language assessment and remediation package for paediatric clients. Reference is made to the importance of identifying the exact languages spoken, especially when the use of one language may be perceived as denoting lower social status. Semantic and syntactic issues involved in constructing assessments are highlighted.

Child↗