Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Moniliformis”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

Nerves originating from the cerebral ganglion of Moniliformis moniliformis (Acanthocephala).

Extending from the cerebral ganglion are the following 6 pairs of nerves: 2 pairs of anterior medial nerves, 2 pairs of lateral medial nerves, 1 pair of anterior proboscis nerves, 1 pair of lateral medial nerves. The dorsal anterior medial nerve and the ventral anterior medial nerve are unpaired nerves. The dorsal anterior medial nerve supplies the apical sensory device on the proboscis. The ventral anterior medial nerve supplies the retractor and protrusor muscles of the proboscis and the lateral posterior nerve supplies the longitudinal and circular muscles of the body wall. This last nerve is the largest of the nerves and is enclosed by the retinacular muscle as it extends through the pseudocoel to the body wall where it divides into a posterior and anterior nerve. The anterior medial nerve originates from 2 different levels along the dorsal anterior surface of the ganglion. These nerves serve the anterior presoma. The anterior proboscis nerve originates from the apical cells of the ganglion and is found between the proboscis retractor muscles throughout their length.

Acanthocephala↗
PubMed2002

PCR for the detection of Streptobacillus moniliformis.

Streptobacillus moniliformis is a Gram-negative bacterium found in various laboratory animal species and is the cause of rat bite fever and Haverhill fever in man. In order to evaluate a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the detection of this zoonotic bacterium in animal tissues a set of primers was designed based on the DNA base sequence of part of the 16S rRNA gene from 11 S. moniliformis strains. The PCR detected as few as 2-6 copies of S. moniliformis DNA. A 296 bp DNA fragment was amplified from S. moniliformis strains from rodents, humans and turkeys. Amplicons of about the same size were obtained from Fusobacterium necrogenes and Sebaldella (Bacteroides) termitidis but Bfa I treatment of these amplicons did not result in the S. moniliformis specific 130 bp DNA fragment. The in silico evaluation of 14 additional Fusobacterium spp. and 12 unculturable phytoplasmas indicated that none is likely to give rise to confusing amplicons or DNA fragments. The PCR detected S. moniliformis infection in all four orally- and four intravenously-infected C57BL/6 mice and the bacterium was cultured from all but one mouse. The PCR detected S. moniliformis infection in all 12 orally-infected WU rats, and in five of eight rats exposed to natural infection. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and PCR were equally successful in detecting infection in rats but S. moniliformis was not detected by using culture.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

Detection of antibodies to Streptobacillus moniliformis in rats by an immunoblot procedure.

An immunoblot (IB) technique for detecting antibodies to Streptobacillus moniliformis in rat sera was evaluated. Immune sera to three S. moniliformis strains showed a similar reactivity pattern with both autologous and homologous antigens in the 18-87 kDa range. Using a rat S. moniliformis strain as the antigen, a similar reactivity pattern was found with sera from rats infected experimentally with S. moniliformis and sentinels. Two to five proteins were detected in the 32-55 kDa range. Over a period of 2.5 years, 27/133 rat serum panels submitted for routine monitoring yielded one or more S. moniliformis enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)-positive samples. In one of these 27 panels, sera showed an IB reactivity pattern resembling that observed with immune sera and with sera from infected and exposed rats. S. moniliformis was confirmed in the colony by both culture and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Sera from the remaining 26 ELISA-positive serum panels frequently showed activity to a 57 kDa antigen but not more than one antigen was detected in the 32-55 kDa range. We conclude that the IB can be used as a confirmatory test for the detection of S. moniliformis infection in ELISA-positive rats.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Interspecific effects between Moniliformis (Acanthocephala), Hymenolepis (Cestoda) and Nippostrongylus (Nematoda) in the laboratory rat.

Rats harbouring 35-day-old primary infections of Moniliformis moniliformis and Hymenolepis diminuta were inoculated with equal doses of Nippostrongylus brasiliensis and were autopsied 10 days later. Significant reductions were found in the dry weight of Moniliformis and Hymenolepis and in the numbers of Nippostrongylus recovered compared with single infections. Similarly, in infections with two parasites, the numbers of Nippostrongylus were reduced when concurrent with Moniliformis and the dry weights of Moniliformis and Hymenolepis decreased in the presence of each other. A comparison of the concurrent infections themselves revealed that Moniliformis weighed significantly less in the presence of Hymenolepis than in the three parasite infections. Parasite interactions and their possible mechanism are discussed and comparisons are made with the relevant single infection for each parasite.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for monitoring rodent colonies for Streptobacillus moniliformis antibodies.

An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to measure Streptobacillus moniliformis antibodies in mice and rats was developed. Twelve S. moniliformis strains originating from cases of rat-bite fever and Haverhill fever in man and from various rodent species, showed considerable serological relationship. The ELISA appeared specific since antibodies to S. moniliformis were absorbed by autologous and homologous antigen, but not by heterologous bacterial antigens. Acholeplasma laidlawii showed partial serological relationship with S. moniliformis. The ELISA was validated using experimental infections in mice and rats. These studies and observations in naturally infected feral rats, confirmed that S. moniliformis is difficult to grow on primary isolation, and that the ELISA for S. moniliformis antibodies revealed more contaminated animals than culture.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Interactions between Moniliformis (Acanthocephala) and Nippostrongylus (Nematoda) in the small intestine of laboratory rats.

Rats harbouring a 35-day-old primary infection of Moniliformis dubius were inoculated with constant doses of Nippostrongylus brasiliensis and 10 days later, after post mortem examination, rats with concurrent infections harboured significantly fewer Nippostrongylus than rats with single infections. Similar infections of Moniliformis were carried out, but with post mortem taking place on days 8, 9, 12 and 14 of the Nippostrongylus infections. On days 8 and 9 of infection, rats with concurrent infections did not harbour significantly fewer Nippostrongylus compared with single infections. Both single and concurrent infections of 12- and 14-day-old Nippostrongylus were found to harbour lower numbers of worms. In the single infection this corresponds to the timing of the typical immune expulsion of a primary single infection which takes place on approximately day 12 of infection. The Moniliformis population was not significantly affected, in terms of numbers, dry weight and length, although each parasite population did show a slight shift in site in the presence of the other. A significant reduction in egg production by Nippostrongylus was detected throughout concurrent infection. The possible role of non-reciprocal cross-immunity is discussed as an explanation for the apparent early expulsion of the Nippostrongylus population in the presence of Moniliformis.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

The growth of Moniliformis (Acanthocephala) in rats fed on various monosaccharides and disaccharides.

Aspects of the course of infection, growth and reproductive activity of Moniliformis were studied in adult male and female rats fed on isoenergetic purified diets containing various sugars. When rats were infected and fed on experimental diets containing either 3% glucose or 3% galactose for 5 weeks, very little growth of worms and no signs of reproduction were observed. In contrast, Moniliformis grew well and showed many signs of normal reproduction when the rats were fed on diets containing either 3% fructose or 3% mannose. The ability of the worms to grow and reproduce was not lost by maintaining them first for 5 weeks in rats fed on diets containing 3% glucose and 3% galactose. When the diets of such rats were changed to ones containing 3% starch and 3% fructose, respectively, for a further 5 weeks, the worms grew and normal reproduction occurred. Similar experiments were carried out in which groups of infected rats were fed for 5 weeks on diets containing gradually increasing amounts of glucose (6-36%). It was not until the rats were fed on diets containing 24% glucose that the mean dry mass of the worms approached that of worms from rats fed on the diet containing 3% fructose; no host diet was found to be as effective a supporter of worm growth as 3% mannose. Under no circumstances, not even when the host's diet contained 36%, was galactose found to be a suitable sugar for supporting the growth and reproduction of Moniliformis. Results consistent with those recorded for worms from rats fed on the diets containing monosaccharides were obtained when infected rats were fed for 5 weeks on diets containing 3% of various disaccharides. Considerable growth and reproduction of Moniliformis occurred when sucrose was included in the host's diet, but not when lactose, maltose or trehalose was present. Several of these observations may be related to the fact that different sugars are absorbed at different rates from the intestinal tract. It is suggested that all of a given sugar, when present in the diet at a low concentration, may be removed rapidly from the anterior part of the small intestine with the result that none will be available to the parasites. Significant amounts, however, of those sugars that are absorbed more slowly may reach the region of the intestine in which the parasite normally lives.

Acanthocephala↗