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Results for “Maxillofacial Development”

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At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed2004

[Effect of orthopedic premaxillary retrution on craniofacial development in animal model].

OBJECTIVE: To observe the whole process of cranio-maxillofacial development of an animal model with bilateral premaxillary clefts, after being exerted with premaxillary retro-pressing forces. METHODS: Experimental rabbits with premaxillary clefts and without clefts were exerted with retro-pressing forces respectively. Roentgenographic cephalometric analysis and different investigations of premaxillary suture were performed during the whole craniofacial development. RESULTS: The longitudinal cephalometric analysis showed that a temporary retarding effect of mid-facial growth existed. The hindrance of maxillary growth potentiality did not occur in spite of being exerted retro-pressing force as to this experimental extent. CONCLUSIONS: (1) Infant rabbit combined with the designed retro-pressing appliance is an ideal experimental model for quantitative study of active orthopedic treatment of protruding premaxilla. (2) Using active preoperative orthopedics to reposit the protruding premaxilla of bilateral cleft palate is a reasonable and effective approach.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

A revised method of conservative palatoplasty.

A revised method of conservative palatoplasty was performed on 21 patients with isolated cleft palate. The operation was principally based on von Langenbeck's method. The major modifications were that the mucosal layer was dissected instead of the mucoperiosteum and lateral mucosal deficits produced by medial displacement of the dissected mucosal flaps were covered with transpositioned buccal mucosal flaps. Postoperative early results were compared with those of the 23 patients treated by Perko's mucosal flap operation. Our method was found to bring about a relatively long velum comparable to Perko's method and wound healing was more uneventful. Results at the age of 5 years were compared with those of the patients treated by Wardill's mucoperiosteal flap operation as well as with those treated by Perko's method. There were no statistically significant differences among the three groups in the maxillofacial development and speech results.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Immunoexpression of epidermal growth factor in odontogenesis of the offspring of alcoholic mice.

Several forms of cell perturbation have been associated with ethanol ingestion. Fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) as well as diminished maxillofacial development and inhibition of cell regeneration in vitro and in vivo have been described. Epidermal growth factor (EGF) stimulates maxillofacial growth, DNA synthesis, and it is a potent mitogen for a number of various cell types. EGF exerts its effects on cells through binding to a specific cell surface receptor which leads to activation of a thyrosine kinase in the intracellular part of the receptor. The inhibitory effect of alcohol on EGF in the mouse dental follicle was studied in the offspring of alcoholic mothers using immunocytochemistry. Adult female mice were given 22% alcohol in their drinking water and fed a pelleted diet before and during pregnancy. Maternal blood alcohol levels were 262 +/- 1.3 mg/100 ml on gestation day 12.5. The offspring of the alcoholic and control mice were sacrificed on postnatal day 1.5, their mandibles were dissected, weighed and processed by routine immunocytochemistry with the following results. 1) Significant differences were found in mandible weight p < 0.01 after parturition. 2) The tooth germs in the offspring of ethanol treated mice were morphometrically smaller than those of control littermates. 3) Immunoexpression of EGF in the mandibular first molar of the control group was strong and homogeneous while in the experimental group the expression was light and heterogeneous. It is concluded that maternal alcoholism reduces EGF in the offspring.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

[The rare malformation of nasal aplasia].

BACKGROUND: After presenting two sisters with the rare form of congenital arrhinia, this syndrome is reviewed, an explanation of the pathogenesis is offered and the therapeutic options of the functional and aesthetic reconstruction are discussed. DISCUSSION: In cases of congenital arrhinia different degrees of respiratory distress, cyanotic episodes, and impaired food intake are described. Therefore after birth respiration and food intake need to be monitored to alleviate the situation through intubation or tracheotomy. The following conclusions could be made based on the literature overview. Little is known about the pathophysiology and a great variety of therapeutic interventions and reconstruction solutions with a wide spectrum of complications are described. Due to the numerous forms of complications, which need to be compared with the reconstructive results, indications for surgical reconstruction of the airway and plastic reconstruction of the nose during childhood must be defined very stringently. CONCLUSION: One method to achieve a satisfactory plastic result is with an osseointegrated prosthesis. This facial prosthesis can be inserted without complications and can guarantee an adequate result, whereas no impairment of maxillofacial development was noted.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

The effects of nasomaxillary injury on future facial growth.

The appearance of results of injury to the columella, the nasal septum, and the nasal bones, in particular, has been well described. Anomalies of the maxilla and global facial balance secondary to nasomaxillary injury are less well known. Three cases involving children, aged 11, 14, and 17 years, who had suffered nasomaxillary injury at least 8 years earlier as a result of physical beating, were studied with the use of photographs and architectural craniofacial lateral cephalometric radiographic analysis. The architectural craniofacial analysis of Delaire produced a graphic representation of the resultant maxillofacial deformities rather than a description of the deformities in terms of deviation from a statistical mean. Traumatic injury to the nasomaxillary complex provides an experimental model that implicates the role of the cartilaginous nasal septum and local functional conditions in the growth of the nasomaxillary complex. The importance of the functional premaxillary skeletal unit in balanced facial growth allows better understanding of the pathophysiology of malformation of this region.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

Orthodontic treatment for patients with clefts.

Orthodontic strategies continue to evolve as new methods and treatment concepts more directly address the specific problems of patients who have clefts. By continual review of treatment outcomes and comparing outcomes with patients' problem lists and treatment objectives, clinicians will identify areas of treatment needing improvement and formulate hypotheses for future research.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Internal fixation in pediatric maxillofacial fractures.

Pediatric facial trauma presents unique problems in diagnosis and management. The following review highlights relevant points of craniofacial growth and applied anatomy. The epidemiology of pediatric facial fractures is presented followed by pertinent features of clinical presentation and diagnosis. Management of midfacial injuries is discussed individually for each specific type of fracture with emphasis on the role of rigid fixation. Finally, the relationships between childhood fractures, rigid fixation and craniofacial growth are reviewed.

Child↗
PubMed1978

Influences of different surgical procedures on growth of dentomaxillary complex in dogs with artificially created cleft palate.

Possible detrimental effects of palate repair on dentomaxillary growth have been reported before. In our study, two principally different surgical techniques were compared. Dogs with artificially created clefts of the palate were subjected to either a periosteal flap (Langenbeck) or to a bone flap (Dieffenbach) closure. Skull roentgenograms and upper jaw impressions were used to study the possible effects on growth. Definite abnormalities were found following both procedures; there are strong indications that the bone flap is the more detrimental one.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Dynamic cleft maxillary orthopedics and periosteoplasty: benefit or detriment?

In 1990, Drs Millard and Latham published their initial experience with dynamic maxillary appliances (DMAs) and periosteoplasty for children with cleft lip and palate. The technique provided for alveolar alignment and consolidation, with elimination of oronasal fistulas. Opponents to this approach speculated about impairments to facial growth. To date no longitudinal studies have been published. Over the last 10 years, 35 unilateral and 10 bilateral complete clefts have been treated with this technique. All patients have been followed and documented clinically, orthodontically, and radiographically. Cephalometric analyses were performed on children after the age of 6 years. The children have excellent facial aesthetics with well-balanced lips and noses. Radiographs demonstrate bone within the repaired alveolar clefts. Articulated impressions show anterior and lateral crossbites in the unilateral patients that improve over time and appear to be correctable orthodontically. The bilateral patients have satisfactory occlusions and arch forms. Cephalometric analyses confirmed no evidence of skeletal crossbites or midfacial growth retardation. This is a work in progress that will continue as the children grow. Although definite and final conclusions would be premature, it can be stated that to date all patients are following consistent and favorable growth patterns. Our team is confident in proceeding with this technique.

Alveoloplasty↗
PubMed1990

Oblique craniofacial fractures in children.

The protected childhood environment and the anatomy of the craniofacial skeleton largely protect children from experiencing facial fractures. However, when major trauma to the head and face is sustained, an oblique pattern of fractures has been observed, distinct from those common in adults and explicable in terms of the anatomic differences between the child's and the adult's head and face. This difference in pattern of facial fracturing is relevant in terms of the examination, investigation and treatment of the primary injury, and prevention of any subsequent facial growth disturbances.

Accidents, Traffic↗