Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Matched Groups”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed2000

Psychopathology at initial diagnosis in dementia with Lewy bodies versus Alzheimer disease: comparison of matched groups with autopsy-confirmed diagnoses.

Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) is believed to be the second most common form of dementia, after Alzheimer disease (AD). DLB has been reported to be associated with an increase in psychopathology; however, antemortem diagnosis of DLB cannot always be made with certainty. We searched the database of University of California, San Diego SOCARE (Seniors Only Care) outpatient program. There were 26 autopsy-confirmed cases of DLB. We matched them individually with 26 autopsy-confirmed cases of 'pure' AD on gender, ethnicity, and Mini-Mental State Examination score at the baseline evaluation. We compared the two groups on psychopathologic measures and possible risk factors for psychopathology based on the data obtained at the time of the initial diagnosis of dementia. Five psychiatric symptoms: hallucinations, delusions, anxiety, anhedonia, and loss of energy were significantly more common in DLB patients than in AD patients. DLB patients were younger at initial evaluation and death as compared to AD patients, but there was no difference in age of onset of dementia, level of education, or family or past history of any major neuropsychiatric disorder, prescription of psychotropic medications, or sensory impairment. Psychiatric symptoms were more common at time of initial diagnosis of dementia in DLB than in AD patients. This difference could not be attributed to any known risk factors for psychopathology examined. Psychopathology should be considered an integral part of DLB, and should be taken into account in the initial diagnosis of the type of dementia.

Age of Onset↗
PubMed2004

Eating attitudes of Native American and white female adolescents: a comparison of BMI- and age-matched groups.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the differences in eating attitudes between groups of Native American and white female adolescents based on data derived from the Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26). DESIGN: Selected data presented here were derived from a larger convenience sample of (2,000 students in grades 5-12 using a self-report questionnaire, which included the EAT-26 and various demographic questions, administered by teachers at 17 schools across Montana (USA). RESULTS: Comparing the eating attitudes of age- and body-mass-index (BMI)-matched Native American and White girls (mean age=14.2 years) revealed that Native ethnicity was associated with significantly higher dieting and restricting/purging scores. BMI was strongly positively associated with greater food preoccupation, independently of ethnicity. Both Native ethnicity and low BMI scores contributed to higher restricting/purging and social pressure/oral control scores. CONCLUSION: In general, Native American girls reported significantly higher scores on the EAT-26 due mainly to more dieting, more perceived social pressure to eat, and more restricting and purging. By contrast, higher BMI was associated with greater food preoccupation, less restricting/purging, and less social pressure to eat. Thus, while Native American ethnicity and BMI both influence the risk of eating problems, these results are the first to suggest how ethnicity and BMI may differentially influence specific eating attitudes and behaviors among these groups of adolescent girls. Nevertheless, many questions about the causes and consequences of eating-related problems among Native American adolescents remain to be answered.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

The effect of antenatal corticosteroids on gut peptides of preterm infants--a matched group comparison: corticosteroids and gut development.

BACKGROUND: Postnatal glucocorticosteroid administration has trophic effects on the gastrointestinal tract of preterm infants. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether antenatal glucocorticosteroids affect the secretion of gastrointestinal peptides that are involved in the regulation of secretion, motility and mucosal protection of the gastrointestinal tract. METHODS: Plasma levels of gastrin, motilin and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) were estimated in 28 preterm infants with a mean birth weight of 1280 g, and mean gestational age of 30.5 weeks, whose mothers had received a full course of antenatal glucocorticosteroids (GC group) and in 17 preterm infants with mean birth weight of 1200 g, mean gestational age of 30.2 weeks, whose mothers had not received corticosteroids (control group). GI peptides were estimated on two occasions: (a) Immediately after birth and (b) following the initiation of enteral feeding. RESULTS: Gastrin levels in the GC group were significantly higher both immediately after birth (early measurement) and also after receiving enteral feeding (late measurement) (p<0.001, p<0.05, respectively) but the increase in plasma gastrin concentration was identical in both groups (32 vs. 33 pg/ml). Motilin levels in the GC group were also significantly higher as compared to the control group but only in the late measurement (p<0.001). Gastrin and motilin levels in both groups were significantly higher in the late measurement as compared to the early measurement (GC group: p<0.001, p<0.001, respectively; CONTROLS: p<0.001, p<0.01, respectively). There was no significant difference in VIP levels between the two groups both in the early and the late measurements. CONCLUSION: Antenatal glucocorticoids (GCs) stimulate gastrin secretion in the fetus but not in the neonate. Contrary to this, corticosteroid effect on motilin is seen only postnatally following the introduction of enteral feeding. Glucocorticosteroids appear to have no effect on VIP levels. Plasma gastrin and motilin levels increase significantly following the introduction of enteral feeding regardless of the use of steroids.

Adult↗