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PubMedDate not supplied

Marital status life table for Australian women, 1971.

"In this paper the mathematical principles behind the construction of multistate life tables are presented. [They are] then applied to study the patterns of first marriage, widowhood, divorce and remarriage of the Australian female population for the year 1971." Comparisons are also made with data for the United States in 1970. The author finds that "the first marriage patterns of both countries are very similar. But the divorce pattern is different. Though the probability that a marriage will end in a divorce is much lower in Australia than in the United States, the proportion of divorcees remarrying is only slightly lower in Australia.... Expected duration of a marriage is about 10.5 years longer in Australia than in the United States." (summary in FRE, ITA)

Australia↗
PubMed2001

Practitioner profiles and practice patterns for marriage and family therapists in Utah.

This report presents the results of a survey of practitioner profiles and practice patterns for marriage and family therapists (MFTs) in Utah. A sample of 77 clinical members of the Utah Association for Marriage and Family Therapy provided descriptive information on their demographics, training, years of experience, and specific information about their practice of MFT. The findings indicate that clinical members of the American Association for Marriage and Family Therapy in Utah are a mostly male, white, and highly educated group of practitioners who hold primary licensure in MFT and identify themselves primarily as MFTs. Similarities and differences with practice patterns research in Minnesota and 15 other states are discussed.

Demography↗
PubMed1992

[[A dynamic model for populations reproduced by first marriage]].

Using data for Japan, the author analyzes "the effect of nuptiality and of marital fertility [on population trends and constructs] a population model in which childbearing occurs only within first marriage....First, we can prove that...we can construct a stable population theory based on nuptiality and marital fertility....Next..., we investigate the effect of [the age shift in first marriage patterns on total fertility rates], since delay of marriage has been thought to be one of [the] major causes for long-term fertility decline in Japan. We conclude that although [the age shift in first marriage patterns] could decrease Japanese fertility, its effect seems to be insufficient to induce such rapid fertility decline as is observed recently in Japan." (SUMMARY IN ENG)

Age Factors↗
PubMed1994

[Education, birth cohort, and marriage age: a comparative analysis of marriage age in West Germany, East Germany, and the United States].

"This paper investigates how education influences marriage behavior in three countries: the United States, West Germany, and former East Germany. Following family economics we postulate that for women a longer education decreases marriage rates both during education (institutional effect) and after the degree has been obtained (human capital effect). For men family economics predicts the delaying institutional effect, too, but the human capital effect is expected to increase marriage rates. Further considerations lead to the additional hypothesis that for younger birth cohorts these sex differences should attenuate.... For the United States and West Germany the observed marriage patterns confirm our hypotheses for the most part. For East Germany, however, we observe different marriage patterns. This was expected because the institutional context in this former socialist country was a very different one." (SUMMARY IN ENG)

Age Factors↗
PubMed1983

Intra-professional marriage: mate choices of medical students in India.

The desire to marry a doctor varied between male and female students at a medical school in India. The females' inclination was significantly stronger than that of males. Also, females were more likely than males to perceive their parents desire to arrange such a marriage for them. The correlation between students' desire to find a marriage match and the students' perception of such a desire in their parents, was higher for females than for males. A follow-up of the selected women students showed that a majority of those who expressed a desire to marry a doctor were in fact so married. Three explanations are advanced for this marriage pattern: (a) Status-congruency, which assumes that the higher status conferred on females by a medical education can best be maintained by marrying within the profession. (b) The second refers to the perceived complementarity between intra-professional marriage and the enactment of professional role (c) The third refers to the socialization of women medical students to prefer this marriage pattern.

Female↗
PubMed2001

R-matrix analysis and patterns of gene flow in India.

An appraisal on the usefulness of R-matrix analysis and the model of Harpending and Ward (1982) to study the population structure of Indian populations is made in the light of prevalent marriage patterns, caste structure, and cultural specificity of the region. With the help of available data on the migration histories and geographical backgrounds of marine fishermen on the east coast of India, and through the historical analysis of marriage patterns, it is demonstrated that the routine inferences based on the regression plots of average heterozygosity versus genetic distance from the centroid may not generally be apt for the Indian situation. Increased heterozygosity among migrant fishermen seems to have resulted from mating patterns within this community rather than from external gene flow. In either case, the genetic implications are supposedly identical. Nevertheless, when making inferences regarding local population structure it is important to have detailed knowledge of mating patterns and the cultural context of the region under study.

Anthropology, Physical↗
PubMed2000

Seasonal variation of births in rural West Bengal: magnitude, direction and correlates.

This paper examines seasonal variation of births in a rural community of West Bengal, India, by exploring data from the 1992-93 National Family Health Survey. Suitable time series analyses were used to determine the seasonal pattern of births and to estimate peaks. The trigonometric regression technique was used to carry out this objective. The study attempted to link the results of the regression analysis to the atmospheric temperature of the region during 1987-91, the distribution of respondents' husbands' occupations and the marriage pattern of the community. It was found that, in the study population, conceptions were numerous in the first quarter of a calendar year and the distribution of conceptions over calendar months was negatively associated with the average monthly temperature. In addition, the marriage pattern of the community and the occupational distribution of the fathers also had a significant effect on the distribution of births over calendar months. It is hoped that the findings will boost the development of needs-based maternal and child health (MCH) and family planning programmes in the community.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Components of change in adolescent fertility, 1971-1979.

This article disaggregates change in adolescent fertility between 1971 and 1979 into four components: change in marriage patterns, in nonmarital sex, in pregnancy, and in birth. It also assesses quantitatively the relative contribution of each component to the change over time in two fertility outcomes: the probability of a nonmarital live birth and, given a live birth, the odds of its being nonmarital. The changes in the probability of sexual debut prior to marriage and in marriage patterns themselves are the two most important contributors to these changes. The influence on the change in adolescent fertility outcomes of the decreased likelihood of marriage following a nonmarital pregnancy was compensated for by the increased use of abortion to terminate the pregnancy.

Abortion, Illegal↗
PubMed1994

Reflections on the consanguinity and birth outcome debate.

The high rate of consanguineous marriages has been implicated as an important factor in the high rates of perinatal mortality and congenital malformations among the UK Pakistani population. This paper critically considers the debate on consanguinity and birth outcome. A critical review of epidemiological literature is placed in the context of wider, but centrally important, debates on social class and ethnic categorizations, notions of culture and literature on racism. The epidemiological literature is inconsistent in its findings, and is often based on data and arguments of dubious validity. Equally, notions of social class, ethnicity and culture used in such studies lack sophistication and require reconsideration. Health policy options based on promoting cultural change in marriage patterns, conveniently but unjustifiably, shift the blame of poor birth outcome onto the Pakistani community and are doomed to failure. The consanguinity hypothesis is over-simplistic to explain the higher rates of perinatal mortality and congenital malformations among the Pakistani population. Its popularity rests less on its scientific merit and more on its convenience in shifting the blame onto supposedly deviant cultures and marriage patterns and its fit with racist ideas of alienness and deviance.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Patterns of marriage and cohabitation in Europe, with emphasis on Sweden.

"This article attempts to describe the reasons for the emergence and the rapid increase of cohabitation [in Sweden] and can be used as the basis for assumptions about the future of cohabitation in other European countries. In addition, the article analyzes some interesting differences between married and cohabiting couples."

Developed Countries↗
PubMed1982

Marriage and family types in Bangladesh: a village study.

"This paper deals with marriage patterns and family types as prevalent in a village in Bangladesh." Data are from a survey conducted in 1977-1978. Five major patterns are identified: the incidence of prepubertal or underage marriage is declining, the majority of marriages are monogamous, polygamy is more common among the higher income group, the villagers have extensive kinship and marriage relationships outside the village, and the nuclear family is the dominant family type. A correlation between landholding size and family type is also noted.

Agriculture↗
PubMed1986

Marriage and its transition in Bangladesh.

The author examines developments in marriage patterns in Bangladesh in light of social, cultural, and economic conditions. Previous literature on the subject is used to discuss Muslim marriage, Hindu marriage, child marriage, mate selection and social mobility, and the question of a marriage squeeze. "The analysis presents evidence that the society is experiencing a change in its family formation, mating process and family type. This transition is to some extent towards the characteristics of [the] Western World, but in a poor economy. Part of this transition is due to the effect of modernization and part due to increasing poverty."

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Turbulent dynamics in a XVIIth century population.

"A reconstruction of the population of the Pays de Caux [France] (1589-1700) yields the time series of a fertility behavior indicator....An attempt is made to explain this general temporal structure by using a simulation model based on the autoregulation model (the so-called European Marriage Pattern), putting into play a choice of the spouse function, a fertility function, modalities of marriage and remarriage, under the environmental forcing of the reconstructed mortality conditions. The correspondence between reconstruction and simulation turns out to be quite good....A second simulation with simulated mortality conditions shows a bifurcation point: as the mean frequency of crisis increases, the state of the system leaves the lower level and concentrates more and more in the higher level." (SUMMARY IN FRE)

Demography↗
PubMed1984

Marriage, divorce, and living arrangements: prospective changes.

An analysis of current marriage patterns in the United States is presented based on official data. "The population base for first marriages reached a peak in 1982, and the corresponding peak for divorces will be reached in about 1990. Both first marriage and remarriage rates have been declining among those in critical age groups and may be expected to continue to do so, barring unforeseen developments. About one-half of the first marriages of young adults today are likely to end in divorce. For second marriages, the projected level is closer to 60%. The divorce rate is highest for those with an incomplete college education and is especially low for those with four years of college." It is noted that "about three-fourths of young divorced persons are likely eventually to remarry. The number of unmarried couples tripled during the 1970s and may double again during the 1980s. One-parent households are expected to continue increasing rapidly while two-parent households actually decrease. But even if the recent trends continue at a moderated rate, the vast majority of Americans in 1990 will probably still be living in homes of married couples with or without children or in homes of lone parents and their young children."

Americas↗
PubMed1993

The ups and downs of marriage in Austria.

The author examines reasons for fluctuations in marriage patterns in Austria since 1950. "We propose to investigate here not only the immediate impact of these perturbations in terms of first marriage rates, non-marital fertility and legitimations, but also the possible longer-term effects, by studying proportions never married in birth cohorts and fertility and divorce rates in marriage cohorts; finally, we shall consider total fertility trends for the most recent period." The impact of changes in Austria's fiscal policy with regard to newlyweds is considered.

Austria↗
PubMed1997

Interethnic marriage: identifying the second generation in Australia.

"Studies in Australia show that an increasing proportion of the population have ancestors from more than one country. Evidence regarding differences in the marriage patterns of first and second generation migrants has been restricted in scope as published marriage registration data includes only birthplace of partners. Marriage registration records include information about the birthplace of parents of partners, but is available only through specially produced tabulations. Changes in the census for 1986 and 1991 make it possible to identify the second generation in households, and this article examines the use of census data as an alternative to marriage registration records in tracing changes in intermarriage patterns and differences between urban and rural areas."

Australia↗
PubMed1991

Patterns and trends of educational mating in Korea.

This study examines the patterns and trends in the association between wives' and husbands' educational attainment during 1950-79 in Korea. Log-linear analysis traces the educational mating of successive marriage cohorts using Korean censuses. The most prominent feature in educational mating in Korea over time has been a rapid increase in college homogamy during 1960-79, which has increased 3 times every decade since the 1950s. This increase reflects the increasing rigidity of the status order in Korea during the 1960s and 1970s. This result is consistent with the conflict perspective which argues that the dominant strata consolidates its class culture though homogamous marriages. From 1970 to 1979 hypergamy increased in Korea, sustaining the traditional marriage pattern while Korea underwent industrialization. Although Korean couples who married during the 1970-79 period have greater educational hypogamy, it is thought to be due to demographic changes in age heterogamous couples.

Asia↗