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At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed2000

Genetic parameters for reproductive traits of Holstein cattle in California and Minnesota.

Genetic parameters for five reproductive traits were estimated using data from 51,528 Holstein cows that were inseminated from April to September 1998 in 1717 herds in California and Minnesota. Nonreturn rate and veterinary-confirmed pregnancy rate at 60 and 90 d after insemination were evaluated using linear and threshold models, including an additive genetic effect for the cow being inseminated and a random environmental effect for the service bull. Interval from calving to first insemination was evaluated using a linear model, including an additive genetic effect for the cow being inseminated. Linear model heritability estimates for 60-d (90-d) nonreturn rate were 1.4% (1.5%) in California and 4.1% (2.7%) in Minnesota. Corresponding estimates for 60-d (90-d) confirmed pregnancy rate were 1.4% (2.3%) in California and 1.0% (2.0%) in Minnesota; the proportion of cows with veterinary data available 60 d after breeding was 86% in California and 55% in Minnesota. Threshold model heritability estimates were slightly higher than linear model estimates in California but were lower in Minnesota, presumably because 25% of the herd-season classes in Minnesota contained either all successes or all failures. Linear model repeatability estimates for the service bull effect on 60-d (90-d) nonreturn rate were 0.5% (0.4%) in California and 0.3% (0.3%) in Minnesota. Corresponding estimates for 60-d (90-d) confirmed pregnancy rates were 0.6% (0.2%) in California and 0.1% (0.4%) in Minnesota. Threshold model estimates were slightly higher than linear model estimates in both states. Heritability estimates for the interval from calving to first insemination were 5.8% in California and 6.1% in Minnesota. Despite the low parameter estimates, variation was present among animals, and it should be possible to identify sires that possess superior or inferior reproductive characteristics.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory profiles in persons with or without low back pain. A 20-year follow-up study.

STUDY DESIGN: A general health survey including a cross-sectional study of 404 men and women aged 50 years who underwent follow-up evaluation at ages 60 and 70 years. OBJECTIVES: The participants completed the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory at age 50 and 60 years and were interviewed at age 60 and 70 years regarding low back pain experienced in the preceding 10 years. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory data in low back pain patients are derived mainly from selected materials. This study presents data from a general population and sheds light on the controversy: "What comes first--Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory changes or low back pain?". METHODS. Within the frame of a general health survey where the primary aim was to study cardiovascular risk factors, the participants completed a shortened Danish version of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory at age 50 and 60 years; low back pain data were collected at interviews at age 60 and 70 years, and this study focused on the Hypochondriasis-Depression-Hysteria scales of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory. RESULTS: Presence of low back pain from ages 50 to 60 and from ages 60 to 70 years was associated with elevated Hypochondriasis-Depression-Hysteria scales at age 50 and 60 years. Profiles showing the "conversion-V" configuration were present with a history of low back pain, at the 50-year and 60-year Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory test. Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory scores collected at age 50 years were not different between those who did report and those who did not report low back pain during the decade from 60 to 70 years, provided that they had not experienced low back pain during the period from age 50 to 60 years. CONCLUSIONS: Elevations of Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory Hypochondriasis-Depression-Hysteria scales were shown in persons with a history of low pack pain. The results indicated that low back pain is preceded by elevated Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory scales was not supported.

Age Distribution↗
PubMed2004

Minnesota Colorectal Cancer Initiative: successful development and implementation of a community-based colorectal cancer registry.

PURPOSE: The aim of the Minnesota Colorectal Cancer Initiative is to implement risk-specific interventions to decrease colorectal cancer morbidity and mortality by 1) assisting clinicians to identify and educate individuals and families at high and increased risk for colorectal cancer; 2) providing professional and community education; 3) maintaining a database to evaluate the effectiveness of preventive intervention strategies; and 4) facilitating colorectal cancer research. METHODS: Two physician groups and the University Cancer Center founded the Minnesota Colorectal Cancer Initiative as a not-for-profit organization. Health care organizations, pharmaceutical companies, a consulting firm, and other practice groups provide continuing financial and other support. A database registry, risk-assessment survey, and consent document were developed and then were approved by an institutional review board. A trial enrollment was conducted. Minnesota Colorectal Cancer Initiative services are available to the public. Participants are actively recruited through member organizations. Minnesota Colorectal Cancer Initiative assesses hereditary risk and will document family history in the medical record on request. A personally targeted reply letter reviews risk factors and recommends specific screening and surveillance strategies for participants and their family members, and when appropriate, provides information regarding genetic counseling and testing services. Minnesota Colorectal Cancer Initiative services are free to participants. RESULTS: Since 1999, Minnesota Colorectal Cancer Initiative has sent individually tailored reply letters providing risk-specific information about colorectal cancer to 717 participants and more than 3200 of their first-degree and second-degree relatives. More than 200 families, previously unidentified as having histories suggestive of hereditary colorectal cancer (attenuated familial polyposis and hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer), have been identified; genetic services were explained and recommended. A formal program evaluation confirmed that Minnesota Colorectal Cancer Initiative provides useful information and materials and promotes intrafamilial communication about colon cancer risk and recommendations. CONCLUSIONS: Minnesota Colorectal Cancer Initiative is a model of effective collaboration between academic and community health care providers. A community-based registry is a unique way to identify and provide personal, risk-specific information to large numbers of people at increased or high risk for colorectal cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Agreement and coding reliability of the Minnesota and Mayo electrocardiographic coding systems.

PROBLEM: To determine whether diagnoses of myocardial infarction assigned by a system that uses Marquette 12SL electrocardiographic (ECG) codes with manual over-reading agree with diagnoses assigned by Minnesota ECG codes. STUDIES UNDERTAKEN: Agreement and recode reliability of Minnesota and Mayo coding systems based on 768 ECGs plus chest pain history and serum enzyme values were analyzed for a stratified random sample of 141 patients with an event in 1990 or 1991 coded as HICDA 410.x, 411, 413 or 796.9. The population was reconstructed from the stratified random sample so that population-based inferences could be made from the analysis. RESULTS: For the stratified random sample, exact agreement on 4 categories (evolving diagnostic, diagnostic, equivocal, or other ECG) between Mayo and Minnesota ECG coding was 53.9% (kappa = 0.37 +/- 0.05). Code-recode agreement was higher for Minnesota coding (83.0%; kappa = 0.74 +/- 0.05) compared with Mayo coding (73.8%; kappa = 0.64 +/- 0.05). The same pattern was present for the reconstructed population. For coding myocardial infarction based on the ECG, serum enzyme levels, and the presence or absence of ischemic chest pain, agreement between Mayo and Minnesota coding was 84.4% (kappa = 0.72 +/- 0.05) based on the stratified random sample and 81.7% (kappa = 0.67 +/- 0.06) based on the reconstructed population. For the stratified random sample, reliability of diagnosis of myocardial infarction was 93.6% (kappa = 0.88 +/- 0.04) for the Minnesota system and 94.3% (kappa = 0.90 +/- 0.03) for the Mayo system. CONCLUSION: ECG interpretation by the Mayo and Minnesota coding systems differs significantly, and Mayo ECG coding is less reliable than Minnesota ECG coding. Coding of myocardial infarction on the basis of ECGs, serum enzymes, and ischemic chest pain, however, is equally reliable for both systems.

Chest Pain↗
PubMed1995

Reported treatment of hypertension by family physicians in Sweden and Minnesota: a physician survey of practice habits.

OBJECTIVES: To compare family physicians' reported practice habits on hypertension in Sweden and Minnesota, and to assess to what extent different national guidelines account for differences. DESIGN: Random samples of family physicians were selected for telephone interviews on their practice of hypertension. SETTING: Primary care in southern Sweden and in Minnesota. SUBJECTS: Family medicine specialists. Participation rates were 236/264 (89%) in Sweden and 183/209 (88%) in Minnesota. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Cut-off levels, and non-pharmacological and pharmacological treatment of hypertension, related to three case scenarios: a 48-year-old man, a 65-year-old man and a 65-year-old woman. RESULTS: Swedish physicians reported significantly higher levels of diastolic blood pressure than Minnesota physicians for the institution of treatment of hypertension for all case scenarios. In both countries, physicians adhered to the cut-off levels of their national guidelines in the case of the 48-year-old man. Minnesota physicians did not use age as a modifying factor for treatment cut-off levels, as did Swedish physicians. Swedish physicians emphasized alcohol, fat and stress reduction, and Minnesota physicians weight and salt reduction as non-pharmacological treatment. While Swedish physicians generally preferred beta-blockers, Minnesota physicians chose ACE inhibitors or calcium channel blockers as the first choice drug. CONCLUSION: Swedish and US guidelines on hypertension were identical except for higher cut-off level for drug treatment in Sweden. Minnesota physicians reported cut-off levels close to national guidelines. For 65-year-old patients, Swedish physicians reported applying a higher cut-off level than indicated by guidelines. Swedish physicians also reported preferring less expensive drugs. As a consequence of the differing national guidelines and the identified physicians' practice habits in the two medical communities, it is likely that the segments of the populations treated and the drug costs differ substantially.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed2000

Regional differences in cardiovascular mortality in Minnesota.

Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in the United States. Initial results from our health survey in the Red River Valley of Minnesota suggested elevated cardiovascular mortality in men and women in younger age groups there compared with the rest of the state. Similarly, earlier published longitudinal studies of cardiovascular mortality in Minnesota revealed increased cardiovascular mortality in counties west of a diagonal line drawn through the tip of the arrowhead region (northeast Minnesota) to the southwest corner of the state. In this study we examined cardiovascular mortality by geographic region with respect to economic factors, residence patterns, and ethnic group. Since these regions vary in geology and major land use, environmental factors were considered as well. Our present data show a significant elevation in cardiovascular mortality from 1987-1997 in men and women aged 25-59 in northwest and northeast Minnesota counties compared with central-metro counties. In contrast, south-central Minnesota shows a rate of cardiovascular mortality for that age group similar to that seen in the central-metro region. The increase in cardiovascular deaths from myocardial infarct in the younger groups in the more rural, less affluent areas of northwest Minnesota is nearly two times higher than in the central-metro counties. Genetic factors may play a role in the increased mortality recorded for northeast Minnesota. Environmental contaminants such as pesticides are additional considerations. Finally, our data suggest the need to address long-standing regional cardiovascular mortality differences and rural health care access in Minnesota.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The impact of concentration in dental insurance markets on dental reimbursement in Minnesota.

The following article has been prepared by the American Dental Association (ADA) at the request of the Minnesota Dental Association (MDA). The article is the culmination of a rigorous national study by the ADA to measure the concentration of dental insurance in major dental marketplaces around the country. Five Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSA's)from Minnesota were compared to other MSA's around the country. The results of this study are very significant for dentists and dental patients in Minnesota. Minnesota' practicing dental community may find the results of the study to be somewhat disturbing. Nevertheless, the MDA believes that it is important to share the results of this study with MDA members and others in the Minnesota dental community. It is important to consider both the study's short-term ramifications, as well as its long-term implications, as we attempt to better understand Minnesota's dental marketplace. It is also important for MDA members to know that the ADA brought the results of this study as they relate to the Minnesota Dental Marketplace to the appropriate federal agencies. The ADA believed that these agencies might choose to develop it into an anti-trust case. After reviewing the matter and working with the ADA over a long period of time, these agencies decided that they would not proceed with a Minnesota-based anti-trust case; additional information beyond what the ADA was legally able to provide was needed by the federal agencies in order for them to proceed. The MDA will continue to analyze and respond to these dental marketplace developments.

Cities↗
PubMed1994

Minnesota population cancer risk.

BACKGROUND: The Minnesota Cancer Surveillance System (MCSS) provides information on the occurrence of newly diagnosed cancers among Minnesota residents. Cancer is a major cause of death and morbidity in older persons. Population cancer risk (PCR) was assessed as a measure of the number of cancers that will occur in the lifetime of 1000 persons. METHODS: Approximately 98.6% of all cancers diagnosed in residents of Minnesota are reported by pathologists to the MCSS. By statistical methodology an estimate was made of the total number of cancers that will occur in the lifetime of 1000 people (PCR). The calculation assumes people born today will have the 1988-1990 Minnesota cancer incidence and life expectancy rates. RESULTS: Incidence rates for all cancers in Minnesota have been increasing. Life expectancy in Minnesota is greater than in most areas of the United States. Approximately 50% of all cancers occurred in Minnesotans older than 70 years. The overall PCR is 459 cancers per 1000 lifetimes. It is estimated that by the year 2020 more than 100,000 living Minnesotans will have had cancer diagnosed during their lifetime. CONCLUSION: During the next 20 years, as the Baby Boomer generation in Minnesota moves into the high-risk years for cancer, the number of newly diagnosed cancers will increase disproportionately more than the increase in size of the older population. In view of the projected number of patients with cancer by the year 2020, cancer care will be different from what it is today. Geriatric cancer care will become a significant medical, public health, economic, bioethical, and social issue.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Heritability of body height and educational attainment in an international context: comparison of adult twins in Minnesota and Finland.

We studied the effect of genetic and environmental factors on the association between self-reported height and education in Minnesota and Finland. Our data included 1,598 twin pairs in Minnesota and 5,454 twin pairs in Finland born between 1936 and 1955. Correlations between education and height were found in Minnesota (r = 0.09 in men and 0.11 in women) and in Finland (r = 0.17 and 0.14, respectively) after adjustment for age. This trait correlation was mainly because of the correlation between shared environmental factors in Minnesota (r(C) = 0.38 and 0.36, respectively) and in Finland (r(C) = 0.74 and 0.37, respectively). An unshared environmental correlation was found only in Finland (r(E) = 0.13 and 0.06, respectively). Our results indicate that the association between body height and education is overwhelmingly due to the correlation of the shared environmental factors affecting these two traits. The differences between Minnesota and Finland are possibly associated with average higher education in Minnesota, which decreases the effect of the childhood environment on education, seen as a weaker correlation between height and education. Nonfamilial factors affecting education are possibly different in Minnesota than in Finland, since in Finland they are partly associated with the factors affecting height.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Community solutions to violence: a Minnesota managed care action plan.

Reducing violence is a critical health and economic priority. In Minnesota, as in other parts of the United States, violence is increasingly viewed as a public health problem. Helping people work together to prevent violence is one way that managed care organizations are collaborating with public health to improve the health of communities. In 1994, Blue Cross and Blue Shield of Minnesota worked with community organizations to develop The Minnesota Action Plan to End Gun Violence, a broad-based solution to a community problem: violence in Minnesota. The goal of this initiative was to develop grassroots solutions to violence and to inspire community members to take action. Outcomes of the initiative included: participation by over 1,000 Minnesotans in 12 community violence prevention forums; a widely distributed action plan; Students Stop Guns, a school-based intervention to keep Minnesota schools gun-free; the Governor's Task Force on Violence as a Public Health Problem, which led to a commitment of resources to prevent violence and respond to the victims and consequences of violence, and the Health Care Coalition on Violence, to institutionalize strategies within the Minnesota health care environment. The project's qualitative evaluation resulted in lessons and advice on how to execute a collaborative health improvement initiative. These lessons have been widely shared with Minnesota community health advocates.

Attitude to Health↗
PubMed1999

Improving cancer incidence estimates for American Indians in Minnesota.

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to estimate cancer incidence for American Indians in Minnesota. METHODS: Indian Health Service enrollment data were linked to the Minnesota tumor registry to identify cancers among American Indians in Minnesota. Incidence rates for the 5 most common cancers in this population, estimated after the linkage, were compared with rates estimated before the linkage and with rates for the total population of Minnesota. RESULTS: The linkage identified 302 cancer cases not previously identified as occurring among American Indians in Minnesota. Postlinkage estimates suggested that incidence rates for prostate and colorectal cancer are similar to those for the total population of Minnesota, but that rates of lung and cervical cancer are significantly higher. Breast cancer rates are slightly lower than those for the total population of Minnesota but more than twice as high as previous estimates for American Indians. CONCLUSIONS: The postlinkage estimates suggest different priorities for cancer education, prevention, and control than might be assumed from either prelinkage estimates or previously published data, and underscore the importance of using accurate and specific data for setting these priorities.

Female↗
PubMed1994

Minnesota court overturns ban on Medicaid coverage for abortion.

Hennipin County District Court Judge William Posten issued a decision on June 16 striking down Minnesota's near ban on abortion coverage for low-income women. Ruling in Women of the State of Minnesota vs. Haas-Steffen, Judge Posten found that the state Constitution's rights of privacy and equality are more protective of women's reproductive choices than the corresponding federal rights. Holding that "the state's selective funding of childbirth over abortion impinges on an indigent woman's fundamental right to decide for herself whether to continue or terminate her pregnancy," the state district court permanently enjoined enforcement of the measure. Minnesota must now cover all medically necessary abortions for women receiving Medicaid. For more than 15 years, the statutes and regulations invalidated by Judge Posten have limited abortion coverage to cases of life endangerment or reported rape or incest. State officials have indicated that they will seek a stay and expedited review of Judge Posten's decision from the Minnesota Supreme Court. Filed on March 8, 1993, the Minnesota case is one of 5 such lawsuits brought by CRLP. Last December, in a similar case, the West Virginia Supreme Court struck down that state's ban on Medicaid coverage for abortions. Similar CRLP cases are still pending in Florida, Texas, and Montana. Plaintiffs--a class of Minnesota Medicaid-eligible women seeking abortions, Dr. Jane Hodgson, Pro-Choice Resources, Women's Health Center, Midwest Health Center for Women, and Meadowbrook Women's Clinic, on behalf of themselves and the women they serve--are represented by CRLP's Simon Heller, Janet Benshoof, and Lenora Lapidus, along with Minnesota attorney Linda Ojala.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1988

The Minnesota Rural Physician Associate Program for medical students.

The Rural Physician Associate Program (RPAP) at the University of Minnesota Medical School is a clinical education experience for third-year students that lasts nine to 12 months. In 1970 the Minnesota legislature required the medical school faculty to find an educational method to redistribute physicians into the medically underserved rural areas of Minnesota or lose state funds for the medical school. After 16 years of the program, all 87 counties in Minnesota have an acceptable ratio of general physicians for the first time in the state's history. RPAP students work directly with and are supervised by general physicians practicing in rural areas; these preceptors have an average age of 40 years, are board-certified, and have 12 years of clinical experience. They give their teaching services and a $2,500 stipend to the student; the state provides $7,000 to the student with no obligation that the student practice in rural Minnesota after training. The preceptors, RPAP staff members, and visiting university faculty members provide 50, 30, and 20 percent, respectively, of a student's grades for the program; the student receives six months of credit for the program. As of 1986, 57 percent of the former RPAP students in practice were practicing in rural communities, with a majority in Minnesota and a majority in towns with populations less than 10,000.

Adult↗