Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “MINERAL WATER”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

Variation of 66 elements in European bottled mineral waters.

Fifty-six bottled mineral waters bought at random all over Europe were analysed for 66 chemical elements by ICP-AES, ICP-MS and IC-techniques. Results show that there is a wide spread in the chemical composition of mineral waters. The EEC drinking water safeguard values for chemical constituents do not apply to mineral water, although mineral water is increasingly used for general drinking water purposes. Only 15 of the randomly selected 56 mineral waters would fulfil the drinking water regulations for all parameters where action levels are defined. Differences in chemical composition observed between countries or regions are due to geological environment and to different taste or local regulations of what is mineral water. There are indications that element concentrations for some unwanted constituents (e.g. Pb) are higher in waters sold in glass bottles than in those in plastic bottles. Some elements show a clear regional dependency. Studying the large natural variation in concentration for many of the 66 studied elements it becomes clear that we know little about the natural variation of element concentration in water and the health effects of most elements in drinking water.

Chromatography, Ion Exchange↗
PubMed2004

[Mineral waters and bone health].

Some mineral waters contain minerals in such high concentrations that they can influence bone health when consumed regularly. Calcium from mineral water is readily absorbed, inhibits PTH secretion and bone resorption on the short as well as on the long term. Sodium concentrations are too low to bother, sulfates have no documented bone effect, but fluoride can in rare cases be so high that it increases bone density. Since potassium and bicarbonate lower renal calcium excretion, and since the latter improves calcium balance, mineral waters rich in bicarbonate and potassium have been tested. Indeed, they lowered renal calcium excretion and bone resorption in short and medium term trials, and they could be of particular interest in the prevention of osteoporosis in addition to calcium-rich waters.

Acid-Base Equilibrium↗
PubMed2004

[The sale of mineral waters by the pharmacists].

In May, 1605, King Henri IV established the first national regulation of water in France. Mineral waters were considered as therapeutic, so pharmacists were expected to sell them. In 1823, pharmacists obtained a relative independence to sell mineral waters. Some of them became spring operators. In 1964, the bottling's licence obliged them to modernize their installations. Some of them abandoned. Gradually, mineral waters arrived in supermarkets and disappeared from pharmacies. Since 1980, mineral waters are not considered any more as therapeutic. They are now only good for the health.

France↗
PubMed1988

Long-term survival of hepatitis A virus and poliovirus type 1 in mineral water.

The survival in mineral water of hepatitis A virus (HAV) and poliovirus type 1 was compared, under controlled experimental conditions, at 4 degrees C and room temperature. Viral infectivity titers were determined by cell culture titration, while HAV antigenicity was monitored by radioimmunoassay-endpoint titration. Both viruses persisted longest at 4 degrees C. At this temperature, after 1 year of exposure, the inactivation of either HAV or poliovirus type 1 was not important. At room temperature, poliovirus type 1 was not detected after 300 days, whereas HAV was still infectious. For both temperatures, the computed regression coefficients of best-fit lines for inactivation rates for the two viruses were significantly different. The survival of HAV was also studied at 4 degrees C and room temperature in mineral water with 5- and 50-micrograms/ml protein concentrations (i.e., purity of the virus suspension) for 120 days. As shown by a comparison of the regression coefficients for the inactivation rates, the stability of HAV in mineral water depends on protein concentration and temperature. Radioimmunoassay-endpoint titration results showed inactivation patterns similar to those of cell culture titration, with the most significant reduction in HAV antigenicity at room temperature. At the two temperatures, the infectivity of HAV declined at a faster rate than the antigenicity.

Antigens, Viral↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Digestive and transport enzymes of the small intestine under the action of low-mineralized water "Naftusya" and its components].

Mineral water Naftusya and its components: macrosalt analog and bitumen fraction have been studied in vitro for their effect on enzymes of the mucous small intestine membrane: M2+ and Na+, K+-ATPase, alpha-amylase, proteinase and leucine aminopeptidase. It is shown that certain components of mineral water are able to change activity of some enzymes. Transport Na+, K+-ATPase proved to be the most sensitive to the action of studied factors. Mineral water and bitumen fraction induced an increase of the enzyme activity by 23, 20 and 45%, respectively. Mineral water and its salt analog induced inhibition of leucine aminopeptidase: its activity decreased by 16 and 15%, respectively. Digestive enzymes: alpha-amylase and proteinase are resistant to the action of mineral water and its components.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

[Criteria for the evaluation of hygienic and microbiologic characteristics of mineral waters].

The appraisement of mineral waters microbial quality is closely depending of their definition: waters endowed with therapeutic properties, strongly mineralised waters, etc. In the beginning mineral water is exceptionally infected by dangerous germs tought it contain a regular load of some saprophytic microorganisms. Indeed, exploitation licences are reserved to geologically perfectly protected strata. On the other hand, there are contaminations which are due, most commonly, to the bottling procedures: packings, work-rooms atmospheres, staff, etc. This being so, evaluation tests must be largely extended with regard to those of feed water. We can distinguish between some bound to perfectly known real risks and some referred to more hypothetical and more suggested dangers. The first ones protect from fecal contaminations (Salmonella, coliforms, fecal Streptococci, sulphite-reducing Clostridium, fecal bacteriophages) and from cutaneous and mucous contaminations (pathogenic Staphylococci, Pseudomonas aeruginosa). They must be supervised with the most extreme severity. The second ones are concerned with saprophytic oligotrophic germs. At the present time, their incidence on public health cannot be discussed on serious foundations. It is the same for amoebae's presence which seems frequent in all kinds of waters. These problems must form the subject of thorough researchers.

Bacteriophages↗
PubMed1976

Microbiological characteristics of natural mineral water.

Natural, non-carbonated mineral water is, like every other natural water from a spring, never sterile. However, the microbial level is always very low. But after its bottling, the level rises rapidly and numbers of more than 10,000 to 100,000/ml can be reached. In principle 2 groups of bacteria of very different origin and properties can be found in the microbial flora of the bottled, non-carbonated mineral water. Allochthonous bacteria will get into the water by contamination from the containers, closures, air or the bottling machines. They are mostly transitory as they cannot grow in a substrate with an extremely low nutritive level and die off more or less rapidly. From the hygienic point of view the permanently contaminating flora with Pseudomonas aeruginosa as main representative is more serious. These special gram-negative bacteria are oligocarbotolerant and can therefore multiply in the mineral water of extremely low nutrient level after a certain adaptation. Their effective bacteriological control is possible by colony counting with incubation at +37 degrees C but only just after bottling. The autochthonous microbial flora consists of psychrotrophic and of distinctly oligocarbophilic, mainly gram-negative bacteria such as Achromobacter, Flavobacteria, Pseudomonas as well as gram-positive Arthrobacter-species. According to indirect experiences, this autochthonous microbial flora must be growing in the open system of the underground source and renew itself constantly. The bottling of the natural spring water implies a drastic environmental change from this open system into a closed one. Then the bacteria start multiplying more or less rapidly like in a batch culture. Main reason for this is the extension of the inners surface of the system. The multiplication of bacteria after bottling of a mineral water of extremely low nutrient level therefore is an entirely normal biological process. For this reason, limits of the aerobic colony count at +20 degrees C incubation for natural mineral water seem not to be justified.

Flavobacterium↗
PubMed1999

Radioactivity in bottled mineral waters.

Consumption of bottled mineral water is a growing practice and is sometimes a necessity rather than a choice. In this work, a study of the radioactive content of a wide selection of commercial bottled mineral waters for human intake was carried out. The origins of the analyzed waters were very different, coming from various locations in France, Portugal and Spain. Their total alpha and beta activity concentrations were determined and also gamma spectrometry was used to detect some radionuclides. In some cases, the waters presented high values of the total alpha and beta activity concentrations surpassing the reference levels established by the CSN, the Spanish. Regulatory Organization. In these cases, a determination of uranium and 226Ra was also performed by using low-level liquid scintillation counting. The results revealed a strong correlation between radioactive content and dry residue, and lead one to conclude that high radioactive content is mainly related to the mineralization in waters of underground origin.

Alpha Particles↗
PubMed2006

[Influence of the ozonation on the elimination of arsenic from natural mineral water intended for bottling].

Mineral water--hydrogen carbonat-calcium naturally sparkling water--containing arsenic in concentration above 0.01 mg/dm3 was ozonated. There was experimentally determined the optimal ozonation parameters: ozone dose, a duration of the process and of the contact between ozone and water, concentration of dissolved ozon in water. There was, moreover, determined an exceeding of ozone residual permissible in the obligatory regulations for bottled mineral waters.

Arsenic↗