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At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed2001

[Comparative analysis of Brazil, Mercosul, Great Britain and European Union of food labeling legislation].

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the Brazilian/Mercosul and the British/European Union food labeling legislation. METHODS: The analysis was carried out using a set of 19 questions considered important to describe and compare the different sets of legislation. RESULTS: The results showed that all sets of legislation were very similar. Regarding health claims, the legislation differentiates content from effect claims. However, it is shown to be difficult to do so because both of them express the same message, that a product is good for the health. Concerning nutrition label, the problem is that in all sets of legislation it is only compulsory when a health claim is made. Another problem is that the nutritional description is required to be by weight, while international nutritional recommendations are made as percentage of energy. CONCLUSIONS: Health claims should not be allowed, they are potentially misleading and do not convey more information than nutrition label. Nutrition label should be compulsory, and the macronutrients presented as percentage of energy together with the international nutritional recommendations.

Brazil↗
PubMed2002

Detection of genetically modified organisms in foods.

Legislation enacted worldwide to regulate the presence of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) in crops, foods and ingredients, necessitated the development of reliable and sensitive methods for GMO detection. In this article, protein- and DNA-based methods employing western blots, enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay, lateral flow strips, Southern blots, qualitative-, quantitative-, real-time- and limiting dilution-PCR methods, are discussed. Where information on modified gene sequences is not available, new approaches, such as near-infrared spectrometry, might tackle the problem of detection of non-approved genetically modified (GM) foods. The efficiency of screening, identification and confirmation strategies should be examined with respect to false-positive rates, disappearance of marker genes, increased use of specific regulator sequences and the increasing number of GM foods.

Blotting, Southern↗
PubMed2000

Food safety knowledge and practices of streetfood vendors in a Philippines university campus.

A survey on food safety knowledge and practices of streetfood vendors from a representative urban university campus in Quezon City, Philippines was done. A face-to-face interview was conducted using a standardized survey tool containing 70 questions, which included queries on demographics and food safety knowledge and practices of streetfood vendors. Topics on food safety assessment in both practices and knowledge included: health and personal hygiene, good manufacturing procedures, food contamination, waste management, and food legislation. The study found that among the 54 streetfood vendors surveyed, knowledge on food safety concepts was established particularly on topics that dealt with health and personal hygiene, food contamination and good manufacturing procedures. However, vendors were shown to be not too knowledgeable in terms of food legislation and waste management. A significant gap between knowledge and practice on these topics was established and it was primarily attributed to the tendencies of street food vendors to compromise food safety for financial issues. Confusion in food legislation was established in this test microcosm because the purveyor of food safety regulations was not the local government health unit but the business concession office of the campus administration. The provision of continuous food safety education, some financial assistance through social services affiliations, and basic water and waste management utilities were recommended to diminish the gap between knowledge and practices of safe streetfood vending in school campuses.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Enforcement of food packaging legislation.

A survey of the results of the analysis of samples of packaging materials, obtained from the Dutch market during the last 5 years is presented. The diethylether extracts of food contact polymers were analysed by GC-MS according to the Dutch testing system. Lists of the identified constituents in the extracts of polystyrene (PS), polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE), polyethylene terephthlate (PET) and polyvinylchloride (PVC) are given. More than 50 constituents were identified in the more than 1000 samples investigated. An estimation of the quantities of the extracted constituents has been made. In PVC the following compounds were present in relatively large quantities (10 times the height of the internal standards): diethylhexyladipate, dinonylphthalate, and other phthalates. However 68% of the extracts contained no peaks higher than the internal standards.

Food Packaging↗
PubMed2005

Justifying the need to prescribe limits for toxic metal contaminants in food-grade silver foils.

The use of silver foils in various food preparations is a common practice in Middle Eastern and South East Asian countries. The FAO/WHO Joint Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA) has included silver in the list of food additives, but specifications were not prepared. Indian food legislation has included food-grade silver foil and laid down a purity requirement of 99.9%. This leaves an unspecified margin of 0.1% or 1000 microg g(-1) for contaminants. Therefore, a study to investigate the levels of metallic contaminants in food-grade silver foil was undertaken. Of 178 foils analysed, 161 (90%) contained silver, whilst 10% were fraudulently made up of aluminium. In the case of silver foils, 46% of the samples adhered to the desired purity requirement of 99.9%, while 54% had a lower silver content. Copper was present in 86.3% of the silver foils, while chromium, nickel and lead contamination was found in over 54% of samples. Cadmium levels were detected in 28% of the silver foils and manganese was present in 6.8% of samples. In silver foils showing metal contaminants, average levels were found for nickel (487 microg g(-1)), lead (301 microg g(-1)), copper (324 microg g(-1)), chromium (83 microg g(-1)), cadmium (97 microg g(-1)) and manganese (43 microg g(-1)), which being appreciable justify the need to prescribe limits for some metals in food-grade silver foil as well as for silver powder used in confectioneries and medicinal preparations. The work reported here should encourage manufacturers to use high-purity raw materials and take suitable precautions to reduce unwarranted exposure of consumers to toxic metal contaminants.

Aluminum↗