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Results for “Karyometry”

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At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed2003

Karyometry of nuclei from actinic keratosis and squamous cell cancer of the skin.

OBJECTIVE: To use karyometric analysis methods to compare actinic keratoses (AKs) to squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) to determine if SCCs showed a logical progression beyond that seen in AKs and to explore variability within and between lesion types to better understand distinctions between the 2. STUDY DESIGN: Biopsies from 31 subjects with AKs were obtained from upper inner arm skin, forearm skin and AK lesions. Biopsies from 23 different subjects in a related subproject provided SCC biopsies for comparison. RESULTS: Karyometric measures of nuclear abnormality and sun damage were derived. Mean actinic damage levels progressed logically from inner arm to sun-exposed skin, to AK, to SCC. Considerable heterogeneity existed at the case level. Unsupervised learning methods revealed 2 distinct clusters of progressed lesions with different nuclear signatures, reflecting differing levels of actinic damage. Number of AKs and SCCs and invasiveness and differentiation of SCCs were distributed across both clusters in roughly equivalent proportions. CONCLUSION: Karyometric methods, shown previously to be capable of sensitively detecting subtle nuclear changes, revealed the possibility of 2 progression pathways, each containing AKs and SCCs. This finding may have prognostic implications.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Karyometry in rectal mucosa of patients with previous colorectal adenomas.

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether karyometric measurements taken in biopsies from histologically normal-appearing rectal mucosa could serve as a biomarker for the risk of recurrence of polyps. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Biopsies were taken from the rectal mucosa of cases with a prior history of colonic polyps at the baseline of the study. In 57 cases recurrent polyps occurred (R cases); in 72 cases no recurrent disease was found at the end of the study (NR cases). From each biopsy 100 nuclei were recorded at high resolution. After segmentation, feature extraction and selection of a discriminating subset of features, a number of discriminant functions were derived. Also, measures of nuclear abnormality were computed. RESULTS: The differences in karyometricfeature values for nuclei from biopsies of cases with recurrent or nonrecurrent disease were very small and not notably expressed in the majority of nuclei. It was possible by focusing on nuclei showing clear deviations from normal to derive a discriminant function that exhibited a shift for the NR and R data sets. The distributions of discriminant function scores were then subjected to a second-order discriminant analysis to separate cases according to recurrence status. This function showed a statistically highly significant correlation with recurrence. At one extreme of its score distribution were 11 of 57 cases that had a recurrence, and at the other extreme were 8-10 of 72 cases that had no recurrence. The distributions of nuclear abnormality values for these subsets of cases were drastically different, with an average value of 1.72 for the group that may be at high risk for another recurrence and 1.02 for the group possibly at low risk. All cases with a prior history of colonic polyps showed a nuclear abnormality deviating from normal. CONCLUSION: Measurement of a sample of 100 nuclei from the rectal mucosa will suggest, for approximately 10% of cases, that a high risk for recurrence of adenomatous polyps exists and, for a slightly lower proportion, confirm that the nuclei deviate only slightly from those from individuals with no history of colonic polyps. For the majority of cases with a prior history of adenoma, the nuclei in the biopsy show a notable deviation from normal, but the deviation is practically the same for cases that had a recurrence and those that did not. However, a tentative discriminant function (DF I,3) derived from the characteristics of the extreme cases correctly classified approximately 64% of nonrecurrent and 83% of recurrent cases using a Bayesian decision boundary.

Adenomatous Polyposis Coli↗
PubMed1988

[Characterization of experimentally induced malignant gastrointestinal tumors of rats using DNA-cytophotometry and karyometry].

The average relative DNA-content, the status of ploidy, the area of the nucleus, the compactness of chromatin and the variability of the shape of the nucleus were determined in 33 experimental induced malignant neoplasms and 5 benign lesions of gastric and intestinal mucosa of rats. The results were compared with diploid controls and divided into 3 types of DNA-histograms. Normal and malignant cells differed significantly in their DNA-content, in the area of the nucleus and in the percentage of hypertetraploid cells. 27 tumors belonged to the aneuploid type of histogram. The dignity was not clear in 6 cases. Diploid carcinomas did not occur. The DNA-cytophotometry gave the decisive hint to diagnosis of malignancy in 8 carcinomas. The various types of tumors differed not in the determined parameters. The problem of differential diagnosis between benign lesions with preneoplastic potential and malignant tumors is discussed.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1988

Hypertrophy, androgens, and tendon karyometry: functional and experimental investigations.

The aim of the present experimental study is to investigate the functional behaviour of cell nuclei in tendon tissue. For this purpose semithin sections of tendons excised from mice subjected to treadmill exercise are analysed quantitatively to establish the number of cell nuclei of tendinoblasts. The number of nuclei per volume unit of tendon tissue, nuclear size, and the behaviour of these parameters in relation to tendon calibre are determined functionally. Particular attention is given to the question--interesting both from the clinical point of view and with regard to sportsmedicine--whether the use of a synthetic androgen has any harmful effect on tendon tissue: According to the findings of the present study, a dramatic decrease in nuclear density is likely to be of pathogenetic relevance to the occurrence of collagen dysplasia.

Androgens↗
PubMed1987

Karyometry and histometry of renal-cell carcinoma.

In an attempt to more objectively predict the outcome of renal cancers, karyometric and histometric studies were performed using an interactive computer-based system for the quantitative analysis of tissue sections. Analysis showed a significant relationship between patient survival and metastases and the histometric parameters of nuclear elongation, nuclear crowding and mitotic density, as well as tumor grade. Patients who died tended to have a high mitotic density, elongated and crowded nuclei and high-grade tumors. Ploidy showed no significant correlation with prognosis while nuclear elongation and crowding did. Differences in histologic grade were significantly associated with several histometric variables, including nuclear area, shape, crowding, elongation and mitotic density.

Adult↗