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PubMed1996

Retrieval of clinical science information using an interactive activation and competition network.

A method for storing and retrieving tabulated clinical science information is described. This method uses the interactive activation and competition network and belongs to the realm of parallel distributed processing. The advantages of this method are that information is readily retrievable by name and by any content, and that the best matched information is automatically returned when partially incorrect cues are given. Furthermore, it allows a variable degree of association among different units of information. The basic principles of this method are illustrated through a simple example from clinical bacteriology. In addition an application of this method to the retrieval of information in cardiology is presented.

Algorithms↗
PubMed1998

The graduate training in medical information sciences in the Academic Medical Centre at the University of Amsterdam.

Since its inception in 1987, the 4-year Medical Information Sciences (MIS) curriculum at the Academic Medical Centre (AMC), Amsterdam has gone through several major changes. The present curriculum started in 1994. The course takes 4 years, the first 3 years are programmed in integrated modules of 7 weeks in duration each. In these modules much attention is given to interactive teaching, problem based learning and private study. Typical for the Amsterdam curriculum is a strong emphasis on the role and significance of data and information in health care and its management. The authors see information technology per se as auxiliary to this orientation. Presently, about 150 students follow the courses.

Curriculum↗
PubMed1989

[Hygienic substantiation of the system of education based on information science and technology in senior classes using computers].

The conducted studies showed that the degree of fatigue of the 10-grade students at the lessons on the basics of information science and computing technology was determined by the duration of work with video terminals. Thus, the general length of work with displays in the IIId class should be limited by 30 min: 20 min at the beginning of the lesson and then 10 min later the complex of physical exercises for general and visual fatigue unloading. More prolonged with displays resulted in deterioration of students'++ body functional state and decrease of their work capacity.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

Science information in the media: an academic approach to improve its intrinsic quality.

The lay audience expresses a clear demand for scientific information, particularly when health and welfare are involved. For most people science is what they learn from the media. The need for good scientific journalism is pressing, to bridge the gap between the slow pace of science and the fast-moving and concise nature of successful mass communication. This academic postgraduate course was established by the Department of Pharmacological Sciences to train mediators to improve the quality of lay scientific dissemination. The programme focuses on teaching a method of selecting, analysing, understanding, mediating and diffusing scientific information to lay people. The course explores the theoretical and practical aspects of methods, techniques and channels of scientific communication. Case studies, practical exercises, and stages complement the theoretical curriculum. The teaching focus is on reducing the asymmetry between scientists and the public. The different backgrounds of students and the spread of topics are major challenges.

Communication↗
PubMed1983

Development of a state-wide health sciences information network: a cooperative effort.

A cooperative effort by a regional medical library (RML) program, a college of human medicine, a university library system, and numerous individual health care institutions to develop a network for the delivery of health sciences information within the state of Wyoming is described. This development consisted of four phases: collection building, training of library managers, consortia formation, and establishment of a state-based network management mechanism. Significant characteristics of the project include the high level of cooperation exerted by many different agencies and institutions, the participation by all acute-care institutions within the state, the initial large expenditure of funds to build resources within individual institutions, and the system development approach to the delivery of RML services that this project represents.

Health Facilities↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Information science in intensive care medicine. Examples of the European approach].

The modern treatment of patients in a precarious state requires the use of technical appliances which become more complex and more numerous day by day. The data generated by these appliances, together with the conventional measurements of physiological parameters carried out by the nursing ataff during care, with the results of laboratory examinations and with medical physical examinations, represent a raw material of information which tends to increase each year. The repetitive and hand-written consigning of these data, likewise their traditional laborious consultation, no longer guarantees today the taking of rapid decisions concerning the patients. Now, this rapid decision-making is at the centre of the functioning of present-day intensive medicine, of the surveillance and optimal treatment of the patients, of the functional organization of the intensive care unit, and of the "economic" efficiency of the exploitation. It seems locigal, therefore, to wish to avail of the resources provided by information science to resolve these problems. The United States, Japan and certain European countries have done so. Our purpose is to give some examples of the European approach.

Blood Pressure↗
PubMed2006

Loop calculus in statistical physics and information science.

Considering a discrete and finite statistical model of a general position we introduce an exact expression for the partition function in terms of a finite series. The leading term in the series is the Bethe-Peierls (belief propagation) (BP) contribution; the rest are expressed as loop contributions on the factor graph and calculated directly using the BP solution. The series unveils a small parameter that often makes the BP approximation so successful. Applications of the loop calculus in statistical physics and information science are discussed.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1985

The Open System Interconnection as a building block in a health sciences information network.

The interconnection of integrated health sciences library systems with other health sciences computer systems to achieve information networks will require either custom linkages among specific devices or the adoption of standards that all systems support. The most appropriate standards appear to be those being developed under the Open System Interconnection (OSI) reference model, which specifies a set of rules and functions that computers must follow to exchange information. The protocols have been modularized into seven different layers. The lowest three layers are generally available as off-the-shelf interfacing products. The higher layers require special development for particular applications. This paper describes the OSI, its application in health sciences networks, and specific tasks that remain to be undertaken.

Computers↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The health status of students studying information science at a physics and mathematics school].

The sanitary conditions of information technology classes, the capacities and health status of 10-11th form pupils thoroughly studying information technology were examined. Tests revealed that in the presence of poor conditions, such as reduced illumination, higher air temperatures, increased electromagnetic radiation, noncompliance of rest and work regimens, the pupils had poor working capacities and deteriorated subjective ill health and that adolescents with myopia, poor posture, and scoliosis increased in number.

Adolescent↗