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Results for “ILIAC PLEXUS”

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At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Acute lumbosacral plexopathy in diabetic women after renal transplantation.

Renal transplantation is an accepted treatment for patients with end stage renal disease from insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Acute lumbosacral plexopathy developed following renal transplantation in 4 female patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus between January 1, 1981 and June 30, 1988. In all 4 patients the internal iliac artery was used for revascularization of the renal allograft with ligation of the anterior and posterior divisions. Within 24 hours of surgery they complained of ipsilateral buttock pain, numbness in the leg and weakness below the knee. This complication has not been observed in nondiabetic patients at our institution, nor in diabetic patients when the internal iliac artery was not used. However, lumbosacral plexopathy occurred in 4 of 27 (14.8%) female patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus when the internal iliac artery was used (p less than 0.001). Age, duration of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, hypertension, cigarette smoking history and kidney donor were not significant predictors of this complication. This unusual and newly recognized complication appears to result from ischemia of the lumbosacral plexus following ligation of the internal iliac artery in patients with severe small vessel disease.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1989

New treatment of increased venous drainage in organic impotence: ligation of internal iliac veins.

The internal iliac vein is the main confluent of the periprostatic and pudendal plexus. Therefore, it seems logical to ligate both internal iliac veins in impotent patients with increased venous drainage. The procedure was performed on 52 men and combined with ligation of collaterals to the saphenous and femoral veins in 32 of them. Erectile capacity improved in 36 patients (70%). Occasional papaverin injections and local nitroglycerin application were of help in 10 patients. Failures in 16 of 52 cases were mainly due to neurovascular lesions in diabetics.

Collateral Circulation↗
PubMed1997

Anatomy of the nerve supply of the rectum, bladder, and internal genitalia in anorectal dysgenesis in the male.

Using a posterior sagittal approach to expose retroperitoneal viscera and nerves, the anatomy of the pelvic autonomic nerve plexus was studied in normal and abnormal male cadaver specimens. This plexus is found on the anterolateral surface of the lower rectum surrounded by endopelvic fascia. The autonomic nerves that supply the plexus reach it from posterior, lateral to the midline by passing over the surface of the rectum. The nerves of this plexus are distributed with the terminal branches of the internal iliac arteries, mainly with the vessels of the inferior vesical plexus. The rectum receives its autonomic nerves with its arterial blood supply, the superior rectal artery. The nerves of the pelvic plexus supply the genitourinary viscera that lie anterior to the rectum and in front of the fascia of Denonvilliers. The named fascial layers of the pelvis play a major role in determining the anatomic plane of these structures. In anorectal agenesis the plexus becomes a more midline structure. Because the pelvic fascia is often deficient in these cases these nerves lie vulnerable to inappropriate midline dissection.

Anal Canal↗
PubMed1983

Imipramine for the treatment of sterility in patients following retroperitoneal lymph node dissection.

The major long-term morbidity following retroperitoneal lymph node dissection is sterility resulting from sacrifice of the thoracolumbar chain or the hypogastric plexus during dissection of the iliac vessels at the bifurcation. Seven males who were devoid of sperm emission and ejaculation as a result of this kind of operation for testicular cancer were treated with imipramine 25 mg t.i.d. In 2 of the patients, antegrade ejaculation appeared during treatment with this drug. We feel that this success rate of 2 out of 7 calls for further studies, as the problem of these young men was considered hopeless until recently.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Hemodynamic alterations in the paravertebral venous plexus after spinal injury.

PURPOSE: To assess the prevalence of altered venous hemodynamics after spinal cord injury. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The authors performed venography in 200 ambulant patients and 107 patients with spinal injury. The hemodynamic characteristics of the paravertebral venous plexus were documented after pedal injection of contrast material. The hemodynamic and clinical data were correlated in patients with spinal cord injury. RESULTS: Abnormal venous return via the paravertebral venous plexus in the absence of iliac or inferior vena caval occlusion was shown in 73 (68%) of the 107 patients with spinal injury. This paravertebral venous flow route is not related to the time between injury and examination. It was demonstrable in the early as well as late post-traumatic period and was reproducible at subsequent examinations. The paravertebral venous flow route was more commonly seen in cervical than thoracolumbar injuries and was closely related to the severity of neurologic deficit (P = .0012). CONCLUSION: Abnormal vertebral venous hemodynamics occur in most patients with spinal cord injury and are more likely to occur in patients with complete neurologic deficit and cervical injury.

Case-Control Studies↗
PubMed1999

Challenging the role of cremasteric reflux in the pathogenesis of varicocele using a new venographic approach.

PURPOSE: Cremasteric or extrafunicular reflux is considered by many a major cause of primary and recurrent varicocele. Therefore, surgical techniques that allow ligation of the intrafunicular and extrafunicular veins are often performed. We evaluated the incidence of cremasteric reflux in patients with primary or recurrent varicocele with a new and simple venographic technique. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A series of 73 patients with primary (54) or recurrent (19) varicocele underwent venography of the left iliac vein while standing and performing Valsalva's maneuver to reveal the possible presence of reflux in cremasteric or other extrafunicular veins. In patients with recurrent varicocele antegrade transcrotal spermatic venography was also performed immediately before surgery. RESULTS: None of the patients presented with reflux of contrast material from the left iliac vein to the left pampiniform plexus via the extrafunicular veins. Cremasteric veins, in particular, were always continent at the confluence with the epigastric vein even when grossly dilated at spermatic antegrade venography in recurrent cases. CONCLUSIONS: Cremasteric reflux seems to have a limited role if any in the pathogenesis of primary and even recurrent varicocele. Dilatation of the extrafunicular veins is not necessarily a sign of reflux but may represent only a consequence of venous overflow due to insufficiency of the internal spermatic vein and possibly partial obstruction of the left iliac vein. The rationale of surgical treatments aimed at ligation of the extrafunicular veins should be questioned.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Pedal vasomotor tone following aortofemoral reconstructions: a randomized study of concomitant lumbar sympathectomy.

A prospective randomized trial was undertaken to evaluate effects of lumbar sympathectomy as an adjunct to reconstructive surgery of the lower limb. The objective of this study was to assess the early postoperative effect of these procedures on pedal vasomotor tone. A pedal arterial resistance index (PARI) at rest was derived from the ratio of the ankle-digit systolic pressure gradient and pedal blood flow measured plethysmographically. Studies were performed on 32 normal individuals and pre- and postoperatively in 29 patients undergoing aortic reconstruction, 12 of whom were randomly chosen to have lumbar sympathectomy. The mean postoperative PARI in 17 patients who had reconstructions alone was 42+/-7 (S.E.M.) units which approximated the preoperative PARI (43+/-9 units) and normal control values (45+/-6 units). In contrast, 12 patients who had a concomitant lumbar sympathectomy had a significant reduction in the postoperative PARI (8+/-1 units, Pless than 0.005). These initial results indicate that the addition of lumbar sympathectomy to an aortic reconstruction may enhance blood flow to the foot by significantly reducing outflow resistance.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Pitfalls of pedicle screw fixation in the sacrum. A cadaver model.

Five male cadavers were used to evaluate anatomically structures at risk using sacral pedicle screw fixation. Risk was defined as the likelihood of penetration by K-wires placed through the pedicles and cortices at the S1, S2, and S3 levels. A scale based on the distance from the wire to the vital structure was developed to quantify risk. Instrument insertion techniques were classified as direct and lateral. The direct technique at S1 placed the left common iliac vein and the sympathetic chain at high risk. The sympathetic chain was also at high risk at the S2 and S3 levels. The lateral technique placed the lumbosacral trunk at high risk at the S1 level, as well as the S1 nerve root with screw placement at the S2 level. Anterior cortical penetration during sacral pedicle screw fixation places anatomic structures at variable risk depending on the technique used.

Bone Screws↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Clinical study of varicocele by sequential scrotal scintigraphy.

Sequential scrotal scintigraphy was used to study testicular blood flow in 122 patients with clinically diagnosed varicocele. The sensitivity of scrotal scintigraphy was 91.7% on the whole sequential images. The late-phase image was superior in sensitivity to that of the early-phase images. The difference in time between the arrival of radioactivity in the iliac artery and in the pampiniform plexus grew shorter with increasing grade of varicocele. Time-activity curves were classified into four patterns. One type (Type 3), which was more frequently observed in grade II and grade III varicocele than grade I varicocele, showed a decreased arterial perfusion of the left side lesion. It is concluded that scintigraphic analysis using both sequential images and time-activity curves is not only highly representative of the grade of clinically palpable varicocele, but also provides a better understanding of local hemodynamics in the scrotum.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Iliac aneurysms.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Aged↗
PubMed2006

Aneurysm of the common iliac artery presenting as a lumbosacral plexopathy.

We describe a case of lumbosacral plexopathy caused by an isolated aneurysm of the common iliac artery. The patient presented with worsening low back pain, progressive numbness and weakness of the right leg in the L2-L4 distribution. This had previously been diagnosed as sciatica. A CT scan showed an aneurysm of the right common iliac artery which measured 8 cm in diameter. Despite being listed for emergency endovascular stenting, the aneurysm ruptured and the patient died. It is important to distinguish a lumbosacral plexopathy from sciatica and to bear in mind its treatable causes which include aneurysms of the common and internal iliac arteries.

Aged↗