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PubMed1978

Effects of exogenous acetylcholine upon adrenal 17-hydroxycorticosteroid secretion of intact and head X-irradiated dogs.

Adrenocortical response to exogenous acetylcholine (Ach) was investigated, under anesthetized conditions, in intact, hypophysectomized and head X-irradiated dogs. Intravenous injection of Ach (1 mg/kg b.w.) to intact dogs resulted in marked increases in the secretion of 17-hydroxycorticosteroids (17-OHCS) by the adrenal gland. The maximum response was seen at 10 min after the injection and a return to preinjection levels tended to occur by 60 min. This effect was abolished completely by hypophysectomy. In dogs whose heads had been irradiated with 200 and 1,000 R of X-rays 1 day previously, a considerably lower response to Ach was found; 17-OHCS output at the time when the secretion had been maximum was 44--53% less than that in non-irradiated dogs.

17-Hydroxycorticosteroids↗
PubMed1994

Determination of 17-hydroxycorticosteroids in dialysate solution as a measure of adrenocortical function in hemodialysis patients.

Dialysate contents of 17-hydroxycorticosteroids (17-OHCS) in hemodialysis patients were studied as a potential measure of adrenocortical function. Dialysate 17-OHCS contents after a 2-day interval of hemodialysis in 15 hemodialysis patients were determined. Dialysate 17-OHCS increased after intravenous injection of cortisol the evening prior to hemodialysis (n = 4). Dialysate 17-OHCS content was suppressed, as was plasma cortisol, after a standard dexamethasone (Dex) suppression test (n = 1). Their plasma cortisol was suppressible or nonsuppressible by an overnight Dex suppression test, as reported previously. However, basal dialysate 17-OHCS contents were not different between them, indicating that the nonsuppressible patients with overnight Dex seem not to have hypercortisolism. We conclude that determination of dialysate 17-OHCS seems a useful noninvasive technique for the evaluation of adrenocortical function in hemodialysis patients.

17-Hydroxycorticosteroids↗
PubMed1977

Ratio of urinary 6beta-hydroxycortisol to 17-hydroxycorticosteroids in patients with liver disease.

The ratio of 6beta-hydroxycortisol to 17-hydroxycorticosteroids in the urine of 73 patients with liver disease, and 53 controls has been measured. The mean ratio was significantly greater in the liver disease group (p less than 0.001), this elevation being most marked among patients with liver metastases and patients with acute hepatitis. We feel that the use of the ratio as a test of early liver cell dysfunction requires further evaluation, in particular in the early recognition of metastatic liver disease.

17-Hydroxycorticosteroids↗
PubMed1975

Comparison of a fluorimetric method and a competitive protein binding assay kit for the determination of plasma hydroxycorticosteroids.

A new competitive protein binding (C.P.B.) assay kit for the determination of plasma hydroxycorticosteroids which uses a gamma emitting isotope, selenium-75, to label the cortisol was compared with a fluorimetric method in use in a routine laboratory. The mean plasma corticosteroid level in a group of 54 normal subjects was found to be lower with the C.P.B. kit than with the fluorimetric method. The correlation coefficient between the two methods in 131 specimens from healthy subjects and patients under investigation for pituitary or adrenocortical disorders was + 0.92. The precision of the two methods was similar.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Excretory patterns of urinary free 11-hydroxycorticosteroids and total oestrogens throughout the normal menstrual cycle.

The excretion of urinary free 11-hydroxycorticosteroids and total oestrogens was studied daily in morning urine specimens throughout the menstrual cycle of six normal women (age range 18-24 years). The follicular phase of the cycle was characterised by apparently random fluctuations in the excretion of urinary free corticosteroids. However, after the mid-cycle oestrogen peak there occurred a significant drop in corticosteroid excretion, which then rose to a peak eight to 10 days after ovulation and was synchronous with the second oestrogen peak during the luteal phase.

11-Hydroxycorticosteroids↗
PubMed1980

Effects of analytical error on the clinical discrimination of the urinary 11-hydroxycorticosteroid assay.

A model consisting of overlapping Gaussian distributions of disease and reference values has been used to calculate the effects of analytical imprecision on the proportions of patients wrongly classified by a test. Using published data the model has been applied to the urinary excretion of 11-hydroxycorticosteroids in the diagnosis of Cushing's syndrome. At the lowest levels of imprecision encountered in hospital laboratories, doubling the imprecision increased false negatives (missed diagnoses) from 3.6% to 4.1% and false positives from 9.4% to 11.2%. Although improved imprecision may thus produce only marginal improvements of misclassification, there is no level of imprecision below which further improvement does not improve misclassification. It is suggested that the concept of an 'acceptable level of imprecision' should be replaced by the concept of costing improvements of imprecision, equating the benefits in terms of patient classification with cost in terms of additional resources.

11-Hydroxycorticosteroids↗
PubMed1981

Significance of 17-hydroxycorticosteroid glucuronide in urine as an index of salicylamide glucuronidation in guinea pigs.

The glucuronidation of 17-hydroxycorticosteroids (17-OHCS) and its effectiveness as an index of salicylamide (SAM) glucuronidation were examined in guinea pigs, the same cortisol type animals as man, treated with carbon tetrachloride (CCl4), D-galactosamine, phenobarbital, D,L-ethionine and alloxan. There was not a statistically significant correlation between the plasma clearance of SAM glucuronidation (CLglu) and the urinary excretion ratio of 17-OHCS glucuronide to total 17-OHCS in the intact, and CCl4, D-galactosamine, alloxan and D,L-ethionine treated guinea pigs (r = 0.158). However, there was a statistically significant correlation between the CLglu and the clearance of 17-OHCS glucuronidation obtained as urinary 17-OHCS glucuronide/plasma cortisol concentration (r = 0.738, p less than 0.1). It was proposed that the clearance of 17-OHCS glucuronide metabolized from endogenous cortisol could be used as an index to assess the drug glucuronidation activity.

17-Hydroxycorticosteroids↗
PubMed1989

Determination of 21-hydroxycorticosteroids in human urine by high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection.

A simple and sensitive high-performance liquid chromatographic method with fluorescence detection for the determination of nineteen 21-hydroxycorticosteroids is described. The corticosteroids are oxidized by cupric acetate to form the corresponding glyoxal derivatives. The derivatives are converted into fluorescent quinoxalines by reaction with 1,2-diamino-4,5-methylenedioxybenzene, a fluorogenic reagent for alpha-dicarbonyl compounds. The quinoxalines are separated within 70 min on a reversed-phase column (TSK gel ODS-120T) by stepwise elution with mixtures of methanol, acetonitrile, and 1.0 M ammonium acetate. The detection limits are 0.14-29.4 pmol at a signal-to-noise ratio of 3 in a 50-microliter injection volume. This sensitivity permits precise determination of hydrocortisone, cortisone, corticosterone, and their tetrahydro derivatives in 500 microliters of normal human urine.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗
PubMed1985

The genetic background of circadian and ultradian rhythm patterns of 17-hydroxycorticosteroids: a cross-twin study.

Circadian and ultradian rhythms in urinary excretion of 17-hydroxycorticosteroids were documented individually during an 8-day span in two pairs of young male twins. Studies were performed once at the age of 6 years for dizygotic twins and twice at the ages of 4.3 and 10.3 years for monozygotic twins. Four different methods were used for time-series analyses: chronograms (raw data), best-fitting curves resulting from cosinor analyses, power spectra and correlations of time-qualified data. Estimates of rhythm parameters (prominent periods, acrophases, etc.) as well as shapes of curves were closer in mono- than in dizygotic twins. Both similarities and small differences in rhythm characteristics of monozygotic twins were detected at both ages considered.

17-Hydroxycorticosteroids↗
PubMed1979

Free plasma 11-hydroxycorticosteroids and the response to beta1-24-corticotrophin in regular haemodialysis patients.

The adrenocortical function of 59 patients on regular hemodialysis treatment was tested on 105 occasions by measuring the 30-min response of free plasma 11-hydroxycorticosteroids (11-OHCS) after intramuscular injection of 0.25 mg Synacthen (beta1-24-corticotrophin). The morning basal levels of 11-OHCS were within the normal range. The increase of 11-OHCS after injection of Synacthen was less than normal in 25% of the patients. In 9 patients with a low response an extended Synacthen test was performed. This caused a normal increase in plasma 11-OHCS but the response came later than in normal persons. After 0.25 mg Synacthen intramuscularly the 30-min response of 11-OHCS seemed to be lower on the first day than on the second day after dialysis. The present study supports the view that the pituitary-adrenocortical system is essentially intact in patients on regular hemodialysis treatment.

11-Hydroxycorticosteroids↗
PubMed1978

[A study in twins of the urinary excretion of vanilmandelic acid, 17-keto-steroids, 17-hydroxycorticosteroids, and creatinine].

The 24-hour urinary excretion rates of creatinine, vanilmandelic acid (VMA), 17-hydroxycorticosteroids, 17-ketosteroids were analysed in 30 female twin pairs. For each of these variables, a comparative study based on the breakdown of total variance into interpair and intrapair variance was undertaken, first on identical (MZ) and fraternal (DZ) twins and then on twins who live together or separately. The comparison of test results shows a strong likeness in the MZ group and in the living together group with respect to the urinary excretion of 17-OH. The variability of VMA excretion can be explained by genetic factors while the variability of 17-ketosteroids and creatinine can be explained with reference to environmental factors.

17-Hydroxycorticosteroids↗
PubMed1978

[Effects of a warning signal on heart rate and 17-hydroxycorticosteroid in urine (author's transl)].

The purpose of this study was to test whether a warning signal given prior to an unpleasant stimulus would influence heart rate (HR) and 17-Hydroxycorticosteroid in urine (17-OHCS). The results for HR were as follows: (a) In the anticipation period, subjects given no warning signal (NS group) showed higher degree in their HR than that of those given a warning signal (S group), (b) On at impact, a warning signal tended to decrease subjects' HR when an unpleasant stimulus was given, (c) In the recovery period, subject group indicated lower degree in their HR than that of NS group, and (d) Subject group showed more adaptation by repeated trials to an unpleasant stimulus in their HR. However, as for urinary 17-OHC, nosignificant difference was observed.

17-Hydroxycorticosteroids↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Effect of kynurenine and its metabolites on the concentration of 11-hydroxycorticosteroids in rat plasma].

Injections of kynurenine (10 and 25 mg/kg, i.p.) and nicotinic acid (50 mg/kg i.p.) produced a marked increase in concentration of 11-hydroxycorticosteroids (11-HCS) in rat blood plasma. Effect of nicotinic acid was not prevented by dexamethazone (0.6 mg/kg). Subtreshold dose of nicotinic acid (10 mg/kg) enhanced a rise in 11-HCS produced by swimming stress. 3-hydroxykynurenine, 3-hydroxyanthranilic, antranilic picolinic and quinolinic acids (10-50 mg/kg) did not change the concentration of 11-HCS. It is suggested that some of the biochemical and pharmacological effects of injected kynurenine can be mediated through the rise of 11-HCS in blood.

11-Hydroxycorticosteroids↗
PubMed1976

Inverse diurnal variation of blood plasma 11-hydroxycorticosteroids level in cancer patients.

The plasma level of 11-hydroxycorticosteroids was examined twice a day by means of MATTINGLY'S fluorometric method in patients with malignant and other chronic diseases and in control subjects. Higher values in the afternoon or the same as those in the morning were found in each case of malignant disease. This change of physiological diurnal rhythm was not observed in the vast majority of healthy subjects or in patients with non-cancerous diseases.

11-Hydroxycorticosteroids↗
PubMed1998

[Detection of 17-ketosteroid and 17-hydroxycorticosteroid in urine after separation and collection by foam rubber].

Using foam rubber 17-ketosteroid (17-KS) and 17-hydroxycorticosteroid (17-OHCS) were separated and collected in urine. 17-KS and 17-OHCS were eluted down from the foam rubber with alcohol, colour reaction can be respectively produced by m-dinitrobenzene and phenyhydrazine hydrocholoride, then both of them were detected by spectro-photometry. The standard deviation of this method was +/- 0.032, and its minimum detectable concentration was 0.01 microgram.ml-1. The recovery rate of 17-KS and 17-OHCS estimation was from 99.0% to 101.0%, with co-efficients of variation less than 6.23%.

17-Hydroxycorticosteroids↗
PubMed2001

Urinary 17-hydroxycorticosteroids and 17-ketosteroid sulfates in normal children and in children with atopic dermatitis or renal disease.

We measured both urinary 17-hydroxycorticosteroids(17-OHCS) and 17-ketosteroid sulfates(17-KS-S) in normal children and in children with some diseases to evaluate adaptation to stress in children. 17-OHCS and 17-KS-S values were measured in morning urine from 60 normal children(3-18 years old) and 24 children with atopic dermatitis or renal disease. In normal children, the 17-OHCS/creatinine showed no difference by age, but both 17-KS-S/creatinine and 17-KS-S/17-OHCS showed significant positive correlation with age. No sex differences were significant. In children with atopic dermatitis or with renal disease treated with cyclosporine A, 17-OHCS/creatinine was significantly higher and the 17-KS-S/17-OHCS ratio was significantly lower than in age-matched controls. These values returned to normal as the conditions improved or as treatment ended. In patients who underwent renal biopsy, both 17-OHCS/creatinine and 17-KS-S/creatinine values were significantly higher after biopsy than before because of the stress caused by pain and complete bed rest. Measurement of urinary 17-OHCS and 17-KS-S in children can be useful for evaluation of adaptation to stress as well as in adults.

17-Hydroxycorticosteroids↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Urinary excretion of 17-hydroxycorticosteroids and 17-ketosteroids in women with epileptic seizures during the premenstrual period].

The authors determined the amounts of free and total 17-hydroxycorticosteroids (17-OHCS) and 17-ketosteroids (17-KS) in the urine of 11 women in whom epileptic seizures occurred most frequently on the 2nd and 1st day before menstruation and in 7 women with seizures showing no such correlation with the menstrual cycle. A statistically significant decrease of 17-KS was demonstrated in women with premenstrual seizures. In both groups of women the amounts of free 17-OHCS were near the lower normal range, while the amounts of total 17-OHCS were reduced and the obtained results compared with the accepted normal values showed statistically significant differences (p less than 0.01). The obtained results are, however, insufficient for assuming that these hormones play an important role in the mechanism of seizure release in premenstrual period. The authors think, on the other hand, that the statistically significant fall in 17-KS in women with premenstrual seizures may play some role among other factors in the mechanism of seizure release.

17-Hydroxycorticosteroids↗