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PubMed1992

A file format for the exchange of nuclear medicine image data: a specification of Interfile version 3.3.

Working Group 1 of the European project COST-B2 on quality assurance of nuclear medicine software has been concerned with the development of an appropriate mechanism for the transfer of nuclear medicine image data files between computer systems from different vendors. To this end a protocol based upon Report No. 10 of the American Association of Physicists in Medicine (AAPM) [1] was adopted. A previous publication [2] gave a specification (V3.2) for an intermediate file format with a list of key-value pairs for the header data associated with nuclear medicine image data files. This paper presents a revised specification for the intermediate file format and associated keys, now called V3.3, which has evolved from the experience in using the earlier version. It is hoped that the modifications proposed will improve the definition and usability of the file format as given in the earlier version.

European Union↗
PubMed1989

An analysis of breakage of ultrasonic files during root canal instrumentation.

The incidence of fracture of Cavi-Endo ultrasonic K-files during ultrasonic root canal preparation was evaluated. In addition, the appearance and the sites of fractures were examined in relation to the nodal points on the file. The displacement amplitudes and the hardness of the files were quantified to determine their relationship to fracture. It was observed that the files exhibited a low incidence of fracture, which was of the brittle type and occurred at the apical ends. The displacement amplitude and the hardness of the files did not appear to influence the incidence of fracture.

Equipment Failure↗
PubMed1990

Some observations on the mechanics of oscillation of ultrasonic files.

The resonant characteristics of ultrasonic files driven by the Cavi-Endo unit were examined. The investigation was carried out by evaluating the pattern of oscillation and the power emitted by the ultrasonic files. It was observed that the files oscillated in a sinusoidal fashion, exhibiting a standing wave pattern along the file. The power emitted was found to be directly proportional to the flexibility of the file. Such behaviour is typical of a system that exhibits resonance.

Dental High-Speed Equipment↗
PubMed1991

Calculating DWI/DWAI recidivism with limited data: using state driver license file for drinking and driving research.

One major research issue in drinking-driving is the volume of DWI/DWAI recidivism in a political unit during a given period of time. This article addresses a methodological issue: How can limited data from the official driver license file be used to calculate drinking-driving recidivism rates? New York State maintains one of the most comprehensive driver license files in the nation, but a dynamic process purges records on the file that are more than ten years old. The magnitude of the recidivism rate calculated from this file, thus, is influenced by the number of data points included: the more years of data included, the higher the rate. We used OLS to examine the impact of the dimension of the data on the recidivism rate and mathematically extended the file to the point where the impact of the data dimension is minimum. We, then, calculated the New York State DWI/DWAI recidivism with an "extended dimension."

Alcohol Drinking↗
PubMed1991

Medical Facts File: a self service database of reference information.

The Dahlgren Memorial Library, Georgetown University Medical Center, will demonstrate Medical Facts File, a newly developed in-house database of general medical information. The file content emerged from the library's experience with commonly asked reference questions and the need to develop a database as an online source for users seeking quick answers to medical queries. Medical Facts File joins a growing family of over 18 databases which comprise Georgetown's IAIMS Knowledge Network. Use scenarios will demonstrate how an online search is initiated, either directly or as a prompt from one of the other online databases. The design of Medical Facts File at the Dahlgren Memorial Library began in late 1989 with a publishing section on instructions for authors planning to submit manuscripts to a variety of prominent medical journals. Since then, seven sections have been identified for the database. Three sections are highlighted for presentation, although work on the project is on-going. Medical Facts File is an easy-to-use, time saving system that facilitates tedious searching through a multitude of library sources. It provides users with a self-service, information look-up system.

Databases, Factual↗
PubMed1977

Report filing in histopathology.

An assessment of alternative methods of filing histopathology report forms in alphabetical order showed that orthodox card index filing is satisfactory up to about 100000 reports but, because of the need for long-term retrieval, when the reports filed exceed this number they should be copied on jacketed microfilm and a new card index file begun.

Costs and Cost Analysis↗
PubMed1992

An updated cross-referenced filing system for anesthesiologists.

A filing system that provides a medical-information retrieval system is useful for medical students, physicians-in-training, and practicing physicians. The present system is an expansion and update of the one proposed by Petty and Carden in 1973. This filing system for anesthesiologists contains a simple numerical index of the major categories in the anesthetic, medical, and surgical literatures. The organ system and the anesthetic considerations are combined. A cross-reference index is provided as well. This system allows the user to cross-file reprints, locate ones that have been loaned, and keep track of references that may be found in personal bound volumes. The files may be expanded over the years to any desired degree. Finally, this system may be of use either to the individual anesthesiologist or to a department's library.

Anesthesiology↗
PubMed1976

Computer-stored faculty publication file using the MT/ST in a medium-sized medical center library.

The Bowman Gray School of Medicine Library has implemented a computerized faculty publication file adapted from an existing system that utilized a Magnetic Tape/Selectric Typewriter for catalog card production and computer storage. The faculty publication file has provided printouts for the school's annual report and monthly faculty bulletins. After the data for all faculty bibliographies have been stored in the file, it will be possible to retrieve complete author and departmental listings. The file will be continuously updated by adding current citations and the bibliographies of new faculty members and by deleting data when faculty members leave the staff.

Cataloging↗
PubMed1990

Proposed standard for image cytometry data files.

A number of different types of computers running a variety of operating systems are presently used for the collection and analysis of image cytometry data. In order to facilitate the development of sharable data analysis programs, to allow for the transport of image cytometry data from one installation to another, and to provide a uniform and controlled means for including textual information in data files, this document describes a data storage format that is proposed as a standard for use in image cytometry. In this standard, data from an image measurement are stored in a minimum of two files. One file is written in ASCII to include information about the way the image data are written and optionally, information about the sample, experiment, equipment, etc. The image data are written separately into a binary file. This standard is proposed with the intention that it will be used internationally for the storage and handling of biomedical image cytometry data. The method of data storage described in this paper is similar to those methods published in American Association of Physicists in Medicine (AAPM) Report Number 10 and in ACR-NEMA Standards Publication Number 300-1985.

Electronic Data Processing↗
PubMed1991

A prototype of a high-resolution computerized radiology teaching file.

Computers provide an excellent tool for handling the task of organizing a radiology teaching file. Currently available computerized teaching files are either film-based, slide-based, or use laser-disc video technology for image display. There are obvious advantages to having the management of radiologic images under the control of a computer, and the need for a higher resolution alternative to video laser-disc technology becomes apparent when one tries to computerize a chest radiology teaching file. We describe the prototype of such a system, named MIRTLE, (the Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology Teaching and Learning Environment) which was designed to integrate text under the control of a custom data base with high-resolution digital images from a Picture Archiving and Communications System. This system with its easy-to-use windows environment should allow a significant increase in the use of the radiology teaching file.

Computer Systems↗
PubMed1979

Theory of single-file noise.

A general theoretical approach to the analysis of electric fluctuations generated by the so-called single-file diffusion through narrow channels is presented. The formalism is a slight extension of an approach to electric fluctuations in discrete transport systems with negligible interactions between the particles recently developed by one of the authors. In the single-file transport mechanism interactions between the particles must be taken into account. Three main results of principal interest are: (a) the electric fluctuations around stationary states (at equilibrium and non-equilibrium) are determined by the time-dependent solutions of the macroscopic single-file transport equations, (b) as a direct consquence of the interactions between the ions in the single-file transport the macroscopic time-dependent current and the autocorrelation function of the microscopic current fluctuations can exhibit damped oscillatory behavior, and the current noise spectrum can show peaking, (c) the number of binding sites for the ions within the pores seems to have a strong influence on the oscillatory behavior: with increasing number of binding sites the damping of the oscillations decreases and the peaking of the spectrum becomes stronger.

Binding Sites↗
PubMed1975

Chairside decontamination of endodontic files.

Chairside decontamination. of files and reamers is attempted during root canal treatment. The purpose of this study was to evaluate some techniques for reducing the number of microorganisms of artificially contaminated endodontic files. Endodontic files were artificially contaminated with about 10,000 colony-forming units of either B. subtilis spores or S. mitis. The files containing the bacteria were then subjected to various decontamination procedures. Although sterilization was not achieved with any procedure, the bead sterilizer was found to be the most effective decontamination method tested. All gauze wipings showed reductions greater than 90 per cent. It was concluded that wiping with 2 by 2 inch gauze is a highly efficient and practical method of chairside decontamination

1-Propanol↗
PubMed1992

Canal Master files: scanning electron microscopic evaluation of new instruments and their wear with clinical usage.

Canal Master instruments have a short, fluted cutting area and a small flexible shaft; they may be predisposed to rapid wear and breakage. This study examined new and used files as to tip, flute, and shaft design when new and with increasing time of canal preparation. One hundred files prepared 140 curved canals. Sizes #20, #40, and #60 files were examined unused and after 1, 3, 5, and 7 min of use. Evaluation was for uniformity when new and for deterioration and breakage with usage. The smaller sizes (#20 and #40) had some inconsistencies when new and were most predisposed to wear and breakage with time. Findings suggest that smaller files could have had improved quality control by the manufacturer. Also, they should be used with caution and discarded after short times of use in small, curved canals. This should minimize instrument separation and maximize cutting efficiency.

Dental Cavity Preparation↗
PubMed1990

Machining efficiency of endodontic files: a new methodology.

The ability of endodontic files to effectively remove hard tissues is difficult to assess as results from published investigations often vary considerably. An analysis is presented of errors occurring during efficiency assessments. It was found that the machining property varies around the circumference of a single file as well as between various files of the same brand. A new method is proposed for the assessment of the quantity and quality of the machining properties of an endodontic file.

Dental Cavity Preparation↗
PubMed1989

Shaping of simulated root canals in resin blocks using the step-back technique with K-files manipulated in a simple in/out filling motion.

A total of 60 simulated root canals in clear resin blocks of various lengths and degree of curvature were prepared by hand with K-files using a step-back enlargement technique. The instruments were manipulated exclusively with a simple in/out filing or rasping motion with no attempt at rotation or twisting. The preparation technique was assessed by instrumentation time, deformation and fracture of instruments, and loss of working distance. The shape of the prepared canals was assessed by direct inspection and from composite photographic prints produced by superimposing negatives of the canals obtained before and after preparation. In general, the preparations were time-consuming and tedious to complete. Deformation and separation of instruments occurred mainly in those canals with short, severe curves. Loss of working distance was a universal finding and was associated to a degree with the straightening of curved canals inherent in their preparation. Prepared straight canals displayed a continuously tapering form being narrowest at their end-point. On the other hand, prepared curved canals were invariably hourglass in shape. Under the conditions of this study the manipulation of K-files in a simple in/out filing motion proved an unsatisfactory method of preparing simulated curved root canals in resin blocks.

Dental Pulp Cavity↗
PubMed1978

The optimal design of MUMPS global file.

This paper presents the basic consideration of global file design on MUMPS language. The major goal of global design is to reduce the number of disc accesses made over the long-term use of a file. To attain this goal, the procedure for finding the global file which minimizes the average number of disc blocks accessed to obtain a data node is proposed. Furthermore, the total number of blocks in use with file design are demonstrated by simple examples.

Computers↗
PubMedDate not supplied

ADL: an integrated database for filing and study of malignant lymphoma patients.

The filing of clinical data must comply with purposes of logical organization for comparisons and evaluations. ADL (Archives of Data on Lymphomas) is an application program of dBASE III plus (Ashton-Tate) for personal computers, especially suitable for filing and studying patients afflicted with malignant lymphoma. It is subdivided into four data files: general data (private data, stage, therapy); disease data (sites of disease by tests and body area); immunological data (lymphocyte subpopulations, globulin and immunoglobulin dosage, delayed hypersensitivity skin tests); lost patients (register of patients not seen for at least 1 year). It has many utilities (descriptive statistics, clinical report, export service). Congruence checks and verification of names and dates input are included. This program stands as a valuable alternative to more traditional filing systems.

Archives↗
PubMed1990

Electronic determination of root canal length by newly developed measuring device. Influences of the diameter of apical foramen, the size of K-file and the root canal irrigants.

A new electronic root canal measuring device called "ENDEX" which is able to determine the root canal length under moistened conditions using a relative value of different alternative electric currents is discussed in this study. This study is designed to investigate the efficiencies of the new device, in vitro, with respect to change in the root canal environment; namely the influence of the size of K-file, the diameter of the apical foramen and the various root canal irrigants. According to the present study, it was confirmed that the location of the apical foramen was clearly detected under moistened root canal with saline solution using any size of K-file. The locations of the tip of K-files were 0.5 mm inside the apical foramen when the relative value displayed 0.3 Volt, so that the apical constriction could not disturb during root canal measurement. One of the big problem with prior electrical measurement devices was not being able to determine the canal length under moistened conditions. However with this improved device, intracanal irrigants, such as saline, 5% NaOC1, 14% EDTA and 3% H2O2 did not interfere in detecting apical foramen irregardless of the size of K-file and the size of the apical foramen.

Dental Pulp Cavity↗