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PubMed1996

Bioactive glass granules and plates in the reconstruction of defects of the facial bones.

Non-vascularised bone grafts that are used for reconstruction of skeletal deformities of the face after trauma or tumour surgery are prone to resorption. The outcome may, therefore, not be what was expected. Bone was reconstructed with bioactive glass S53P4 granules and plates at 36 sites in 13 patients. The behaviour of the material was compared with that of bone grafts at 16 sites in the same patients. Bioactive glass granules were used in facial bone defects in subperiosteal pockets and to obliterate frontal sinuses, whereas bioactive glass plates were used mostly in orbital wall reconstruction. Clinical examination, middle face radiographs, and computed tomograms (CT) showed that the material was well tolerated. A third of the glass granules and a quarter of the membranous bone grafts that were fixed with miniplates retained their original size. The glass plates did not change in size. Bone contact to the host bone was found more often with the bioactive glass plates than with the bioactive glass granules or the bone grafts. Both the glass plates and the bone grafts retained their density, but there was a reduction in density of the glass granules. The clinical outcome showed no relapses after one year's follow up. No further operations were needed because of the material used.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Fractures of the facial bones in the Otago region 1979-1985.

The aetiology, type, distribution, and treatment of fractures of the facial bones is described in the 484 patients with such injuries treated at Dunedin Hospital during the period 1979-1985. The mean annual rate was 51.7 per 100,000. The rate of facial bone fractures has remained relatively constant over a 32-year period in the Otago area. Interpersonal violence is now the most common cause of these injuries. Fractures of the zygomatic complex and fractures of the mandible remain the most common facial fractures. There is an increasing trend towards the use of direct internal fixation for fractures that require treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

[Sex hormones in fibrous dysplasia of the facial bone--an immunohistological study].

Fibrous dysplasia of the facial bones frequently occurs in the maxilla around the time of puberty and becomes inactive when skeletal growth is completed. A case of fibrous dysplasia of the maxilla and sphenoidal-temporal bone in a 19 year-old male was studied, in terms of the presence of estradiol, testosterone and dihydrotestosterone, using the peroxidase-antiperoxidase method. This case underwent partial surgical resection, for cosmetic deformity, of the maxillary tumor which, however, relapsed to preoperative size within three weeks. Estradiol and testosterone were strongly positive and dihydrotestosterone was slightly positive in the tumor cells. Sex hormones were apparently present in the tumor cells and exerted a strong influence on the growth of the fibrous dysplasia.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[Treatment of fibrous dysplasia of the cranio-facial bones. Report of 25 cases].

Fibrous dysplasia accounts for approximately 2% of bone tumors. The ribs, proximal femurs and cranio-facial bones represent the majority of bone lesions. Surgery is the mainstay of treatment but the technique is controversial: conservative surgery or removal of dysplastic lesions followed by implantation of autogenous bone graft. The aim of this study was to assess the indications of each method. The medical records of 25 patients with fibrous dysplasia of the cranio-facial bones treated between January 1, 1980 and December 31, 1994 at the Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux, France, were reviewed. Fourteen (56%) patients were women and 11 (44%) men. The median age at the time of diagnosis was 23 years (ranging from 8 to 56 years). The mean follow-up was 8 years. Two patients were unavailable for follow-up after treatment. The primary sites of the tumors were the mandible (n = 19 [76%]), maxilla (n = 1 [4%]) and skull (n = 5 [20%]). For mandibular lesions, the primary treatment always included a correction of deformations and asymmetry, which was the only treatment in 14 cases. Two patients required subsequent surgery to reduce further bone enlargement (1 and 2 years later in the first case and 11 years later in the second) without further problems. In 3 cases a segmental mandibulectomy followed by implantation of autogenous bone graft was required, and no further recurrence was observed. Therefore, the success rate of conservative surgery was 74% initially, and up to 86% after subsequent surgery. Skull lesions, although often very extensive, were remarkably stable and asymptomatic. They were successfully treated 4 times by conservative surgery, mainly for cosmetic reasons. One patient, with an ethmoidal tumor producing a mass effect along the course of the optic nerve, underwent a combined cranio-facial resection. As for the only maxillary tumor, three curettages were performed throughout an 11-year period and there was no evidence of further recurrence 4 years after the last intervention. In all cases, conservative surgery may be recommended as primary treatment of fibrous of the craniofacial bones, providing essential structures like the optic nerve are not at risk. Cosmetic results and local control proved excellent, and a further removal of the tumor remained feasible in the event of a recurrence. Success or failure did not correlate with tumor size, which justifies the use of this technique.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

The healing of facial bone fractures by the process of secondary union.

The mechanism of healing of facial bone fractures was investigated in a rabbit model. Twelve New Zealand white rabbits underwent surgically induced fractures of the right infraorbital rim and fracture ostectomies (4 to 5 mm) of the left infraorbital rim. Animals were sacrificed 2, 4, and 8 weeks postfracture. Bone, including periosteum, obtained from each fracture or fracture osteoctomy site was divided longitudinally for hematoxylin and eosin staining, fluorescent microscopy, microangiography, and microradiography. Sequential fluorochrome labels of oxytetracycline (30 mg/kg), alizarin complexone (30 mg/kg), DCAF (20 mg/kg), and xylenol orange (90 mg/kg) were administered 24 hours preoperatively and at 1, 2, 4, and 8 weeks postfracture. All fracture and fracture ostectomy sites demonstrated vascular ingrowth, mineralization, and woven bone formation by 2 to 4 weeks postoperatively, beginning with a cartilage precursor. Subsequently, the woven bone was replaced with remodeled lamellar bone, resulting in complete bony healing by 8 weeks postoperatively. These steps were substantiated by microscopic, microradiographic, and radiologic examination of the specimens. This study demonstrates that fractures of the facial bones in a rabbit model heal by a process of new bone formation that resembles secondary union in endochondral bones.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Facial bone scintigraphy. II. Diagnostic potential in neoplastic and inflammatory lesions.

From a series of about 200 facial bone scintigraphies, 32 patients were selected to demonstrate the uptake of 99Tcm-diphosphonate in various inflammatory and neoplastic diseases in the sinuses and oral cavity. The method was found of value in separating patients with inflammatory involvement of the bone from those without, as well as in assessing possible bone involvement in malignant lesions.

Bone Neoplasms↗
PubMed2006

Facial bones of long-legged buzzard (Buteo rufinus).

The department of National Parks and Protection of Wild Nature sent five (two males, three females) adult long-legged buzzards for investigation of their deaths to Ankara University Veterinary Faculty. Facial bones of buzzards were evaluated. Distinguishing facial features such as strong os premaxillare, cavum nasale filled with spider webbing-like structures, prominent os prefrontalis and processes, H-shaped paraglossum were determined. In this study, we investigated the anatomic properties of facial bones in long-legged buzzard. We also aimed to identify the data using these bones in order to separate different bird species.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Use of cyanoacrylate in facial bone fractures.

It is not uncommon to encounter multiple bone fragments during open reduction of facial bone fractures. When these fragments are few and their size large, there is no problem. However, multiple, small, and thin bone fragments are difficult to handle, making accurate reduction with interfragmentary wires problematic. This is frequently encountered in fractures of the anterior maxillary wall, orbital floor, orbital roof, and frontal sinus. Therefore, many surgeons reconstruct the larger segments and discard the smaller segments. In this study, 10 patients who sustained facial fractures with multiple, small, and thin fragments were treated with tissue adhesive (n-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate). Postoperative three-dimensional computed tomography scans demonstrated excellent reconstruction following this technique.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

The orthopan tomoscintigram--a new application of emission computed tomography for facial bone scanning.

The exact regional correlation of findings of facial bone scans, planar or SPECT, to dental orthopan X-ray films (OPT) is difficult because of the very different projection techniques. To improve correlative imaging in this regard a projection algorithm was developed that uses SPECT data of the skull for reconstructing an orthopan tomoscintigraphic projection. Fourteen conventional SPECT slices of the upper and lower jaws were obtained during bone scanning. All mandibular slices were superimposed resulting in a horseshoe shaped structure, while was marked by an ROI which was divided into segments. All 14 SPECT slices were then masked by this segmental ROI, thereby marking the teeth-carrying bone in all slices. The information from this horseshoe like ROI is then transformed into lines. Line by line arrangement results in an orthopan projection, the orthopan tomoscintigram. This new display allows 1:1 true scale superimposition with the X-ray OPT and markedly facilitates correlative imaging.

Facial Bones↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Paget disease of the calvaria and facial bones with an osteosarcoma of the maxilla: CT and MR findings.

The CT and magnetic resonance (MR) findings of Paget disease of the calvaria and facial bones are described and compared with one another. The sites of dense, woven bone, myeloid marrow, and background Paget matrix can be clearly identified. A rare case of Paget sarcoma (osteogenic sarcoma) of the facial bones is also presented. The distinction between this sarcoma and the Paget bone was clearer on CT than on MR. This presumably is because the bone is directly seen on CT and only indirectly imaged on MR.

Angiography↗
PubMed1979

Facial bone scintigraphy. III. Effects of radiation therapy.

The uptake of 99Tcm-DP in normal facial bones was not changed by irradiation of malignant tumors. The intensity of the pathologic uptake into regions with active parodontitis in a few patients increased during irradiation. The uptake of 99Tcm-DP in bone with neoplastic growth varied during the period of treatment, probably depending on the tumor reaction to irradiation.

Aged↗