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At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Comparing the incidence of lower extremity amputations across the world: the Global Lower Extremity Amputation Study.

A substantial proportion of lower extremity amputations (LEAs), particularly in people with diabetes, are thought to be preventable by the provision of appropriate health care. Information on the incidence of LEAs which is accurate, up-to-date, and comparable cross-sectionally and longitudinally is essential to guide and monitor interventions aimed at their prevention. Current information on the incidence of LEAs is limited and differences between studies in case definition, presentation of rates, level of ascertainment, and population age structure often make meaningful comparisons impossible. To remedy this situation the global LEA study has been established. The study is designed to compare the incidence of LEAs over time within and between communities across the world. The methodology includes adherence to a standard definition of LEA, standardized methods of data collection with built-in quality control, and correction for under-ascertainment of cases (using capture-recapture methodology). Centres wishing to take part in the study must be able to identify a study population of at least 250,000, have reasonably up-to-date population numbers by age and sex, and be prepared to stay in the study for at least 2 years. A study registration form (Appendix 1) is provided.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1977

[Effect of sub-extreme and extreme factors on liver lysosomes].

Functional state of the lysosomal liver system in rats under subextreme and extreme influences (an intense muscle tension, fasting and combination of the both factors) was studied. An elevation of the acid hydrolases activity and labilization of the lysosomal membranes could be observed in the course of the body overstraining. Activation of lysosomal system correlated well with the extent of overstraining and reflected an adaptive reconstruction of the cellular structure and metabolism.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

[The floating joint injury of the lower and upper extremity--epidemiology, therapy and results in 40 extremities].

GOAL: Floating Joint Injuries (FJI) are resulting from high energy traumas and are often combined with additional neuro/vascular damage. The high incidence of severe open or closed soft tissue injuries is complicating the initial management and requires a broad surgical know-how also in minimal-invasive fixation techniques. In a retrospective analysis of our cases treated between 1980 and 1995, we try to find out some important therapeutical feedback for the future. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Of the 37 patients, 33 had a FJI of the lower (2 bilateral) and 7 patients of the upper extremity. 90% were road traffic injuries, 75% showed an open fracture situation and 25% an associated neuro-vascular injury. All fractures were stabilised within the first hours, femur, humerus and forearm in one step, the tibia in 33% in two steps (initial external fixator ...). 80% of the FJI have been reexamined after 1-2 y. RESULTS: Local complication: Femur: 4/33 (1 infection, 2 refractures, 1 non-union). Tibia: 11/33 (5 infections, 4 delayed/non-unions, 2 malalignements). Humerus: 0/7. Forearm: 1/7 (1 malalignement). 1-2 y-results: Very good-good: Femur: 26/27 (96%). Tibia: 23/27 (85%). Humerus: 4/5. Forearm: 3/5. DISCUSSION: FJI should be stabilised as soon as possible in a way allowing for early functional aftercare of the affected joint. Most complications are observed in the proximal tibia fracture because of the thin and therefore often severely (open or closed) injured soft tissue cover. Despite a staged procedure, there exists a high complication rate, which probably can be reduced in the future by the single-step use of the hybrid external fixateur.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

Upper extremity augmentation of lower extremity kinetics during countermovement vertical jumps.

Twenty-five volleyball players (14 males, 11 females) were videotaped (60 Hz) performing countermovement vertical jumps with and without an arm swing. Ground reaction force and video-based coordinate data were collected simultaneously. The resultant joint force and torque at the hip, knee, ankle and shoulder for two trials per subject per condition were computed and normalized. Average kinematic, resultant joint force and torque data were compared using repeated-measures analysis of variance. Larger values were recorded for the vertical velocity of the centre of mass at take-off in the jumps with (mean 2.75, s = 0.3 m.s-1) versus without (mean 2.44, s = 0.23 m.s-1) an arm swing. The jumps with no arm swing produced larger torques at the hip during the first third of the propulsive phase (from zero to maximum vertical velocity of the centre of mass). During the final two-thirds of the propulsive phase, the arm swing augmented hip extensor torques by slowing the rate of trunk extension and placing the hip extensor muscles in slower concentric conditions that favoured the generation of larger forces and resultant joint torques. During the first two-thirds of the propulsive phase, knee extensor torque increased by 28% in the jumps with an arm swing, but maintained a relatively constant magnitude in the jumps with no arm swing.

Adult↗