Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Eubacterium”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Reaction of human sera with Eubacterium brachy: isolation and characterization of an extracellular antigen.

Recent studies have demonstrated an association of Eubacterium sp. with the subgingival microflora of patients with chronic periodontitis. One species, Eubacterium brachy, was evaluated to determine the possible mechanisms by which this microorganism may contribute to these diseases. Of 167 sera evaluated by double diffusion in agar, 20.8% displayed reactivity with a sonicated preparation of E. brachy. An extracellular antigen was identified in the culture supernatant fluid which reacted with antibodies in human sera. This antigen was isolated by methanol precipitation and purified by gel filtration. When tested by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, all sera displayed some reactivity. Lines of identity were not shared with other species of Eubacterium, but were shared with other clinical isolates of E. brachy. The reactive antibody was identified as immunoglobulin G by immunoelectrophoresis, verified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and found to be capable of complement fixation. The monosaccharides and amino acids of the extracellular antigen were identified by high-pressure liquid chromatography. This antigen was shown to have a molecular weight of 170,000 and to share a line of identity with the sonicated preparation of E. brachy. The possible role of the organism in the immunopathology of periodontal diseases is discussed.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1979

Plasmenylethanolamine: growth factor for cholesterol-reducing Eubacterium.

A plasmalogen, plasmenylethanolamine, is required for in vitro growth of strains of Eubacterium which convert cholesterol to coprostanol. Plasmenylethanolamine was isolated from calf brain by selective saponification of lipid fractions separated by thin-layer or column chromatography. Cholesterol-containing thioglycolate broth plus purified plasmenylethanolamine or its 2-lyso derivative supported growth of Eubacterium ATCC 21408 and a cholesterol-reducing Eubacterium isolated from baboon feces. Plasmenylethanolamine obtained from commercial sources also supported growth of these organisms, but none of a number of other pure lipids would support growth. Metabolism of the alkenyl ether group of plasmenylethanolamine occurred during growth.

Cholesterol↗
PubMed1996

Sequencing and expression of a gene encoding a bile acid transporter from Eubacterium sp. strain VPI 12708.

Eubacterium sp. strain VPI 12708 expresses inducible bile acid 7alpha-dehydroxylation activity via a multistep pathway. The genes encoding several of the inducible proteins involved in the pathway have been previously mapped to a bile acid-inducible (bai) operon in Eubacterium sp. strain VPI 12708. We now report the cloning, sequencing, and characterization of the baiG gene, which is part of the bai operon. The predicted amino acid sequence of the BaiG polypeptide shows significant homology to several membrane transport proteins, including sugar and antibiotic resistance transporters, which are members of the major facilitator superfamily. Hydrophilicity plots of BaiG show a high degree of similarity to class K and L TetA proteins from gram-positive bacteria, and, like these classes of TetA proteins, BaiG has 14 proposed transmembrane domains. The baiG gene was cloned into Escherichia coli and shown to confer an energy-dependent bile acid uptake activity. Primary bile acids were preferentially transported into E. coli cells expressing this gene, with at least sevenfold and fourfold increases in the uptake of cholic acid and chenodeoxycholic acid, respectively, over control reactions. Less transport activity was observed with cholylglycine, 7-oxocholic acid, and deoxycholic acid. The transport activity was inhibited by the proton ionophores carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone, 2,4-dinitrophenol, and nigericin but not by the potassium ionophore valinomycin, suggesting that the transport is driven by the proton motive force across the cell membrane. In summary, we have cloned, sequenced, and expressed a bile acid-inducible bile acid transporter from Eubacterium sp. strain VPI 12708. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the cloning and expression of a gene encoding a procaryotic bile acid transporter.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1998

Metabolism and pharmacokinetics of orally administered saikosaponin b1 in conventional, germ-free and Eubacterium sp. A-44-infected gnotobiote rats.

The metabolic fate of saikosaponin b1 (1) was investigated using conventional, germ-free and Eubacterium sp. A-44-infected gnotobiote rats. After the oral administration of 1 to germ-free rats at a dose of 50 mg/kg, no metabolite was detected in the plasma, the cecal contents or the cumulative feces through the experiment. On the other hand, when 1 was orally given to the Eubacterium sp. A-44-infected gnotobiote rats, considerable amounts of its metabolites, prosaikogenin A (2) and saikogenin A (3), were detected in the rat plasma with the respective AUC0-10 h values of 17,424 and 22,260 pmol.min/ml, similar to the case of its oral administration to conventional rats (AUC0-10 h values of 9,936 and 12,414 pmol.min/ml for 2 and 3, respectively). Furthermore, significant amounts of both metabolites were detected in the cecal contents and the cumulative feces of the gnotobiote and conventional rats, but not in those of the germ-free rats, within 10 h after the administration. Fecal and cecal activities of hydrolyzing 1 and 2 were found in the gnotobiote and conventional rats, though there were no detectable activities in the germ-free rats. Accordingly, both hydrolyzing activities in the intestinal bacteria, such as Eubacterium sp. A-44, are essential for the appearance of 2 and 3 in the rat plasma and cumulative feces, since orally administered 1 was poorly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract.

Animals↗
PubMed2007

Cloning, expression and purification of arylsulfate sulfotransferase from Eubacterium A-44.

A gene (astA) encoding arylsulfate sulfotransferase (ASST), which transfers a sulfate group from phenolic sulfate esters to phenolic acceptors, was cloned from a Eubacterium A-44 genomic library. The probe (1.5 kb fragment) for the astA gene was prepared from the PCR product of the primers produced using two internal amino acid sequences of ASST, which had been purified from Eubacterium A-44. The astA gene was cloned into the pKF3 vector. Its sequence revealed a 1863 bp open reading frame (ORF) encoding a protein containing 620 amino acids with a secretary signal peptide, and showed 91% homology (identity) to Eubacterium rectale IIIH previously reported. The cloned astA gene was expressed under the T7 promoter of the expression vectors, pET-39b(+) and pET-26b(+), in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3), and the expressed ASSTs were purified using His Bind column chromatography. The specific activities of the purified ASSTs were 25.6 micromol/min/mg and 37.1 micromol/min/mg, respectively.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1983

The significance of eubacterium bacteremia.

Eubacterium is a commensal of the human gastrointestinal tract. In rare instances this organism can become blood-borne. Nine cases of bacteremia were described and eight cases were found in the medical literature. Thirteen of the 17 cases (76%) had active gastrointestinal disease leading to the Eubacterium bacteremia. It is suggested that recovery of Eubacterium in blood culture should alert the clinician to the possibility of active gastrointestinal disease including occult neoplasms.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1964

INTERNAL STRUCTURES OF A EUBACTERIUM SP. DEMONSTRATED BY THE NEGATIVE STAINING TECHNIQUE.

Bladen, Howard A. (National Institute of Dental Research, Bethesda, Md.), Marie U. Nylen, and Robert J. Fitzgerald. Internal structures of a Eubacterium sp. demonstrated by the negative staining technique. J. Bacteriol. 88:763-770. 1964.-Thin sections as well as negatively stained whole cells of a Eubacterium sp. isolated from the rat cecum were examined in a Siemens Elmiskop I electron microscope. The cell wall usually appeared in thin sections as a single dense layer about 130 A thick; however, occasionally it was demonstrated to be composed of three layers. The plasma membrane was approximately 130 A wide, and was composed of a denselight-dense arrangement. Intracytoplasmic membranous elements continuous with the plasma membrane were also observed in thin sections. When whole cells were negatively stained with phosphotungstic acid, the cell wall became transparent, and structures comparable in morphology to intracytoplasmic membranous elements were observed. These were demonstrated by stereomicroscopy to be in the interior environment of the cell, and appeared in many cases continuous with the cell wall. Frequently, they seemed to open to the exterior of the cell through what may be termed a pore. Small stalked structures similar to those described in mitochondria were observed along the periphery of the cell and occasionally along the walls of the internal elements.

Cecum↗
PubMed1992

Immunological homology among azoreductases from Clostridium and Eubacterium strains isolated from human intestinal microflora.

Azoreductases from several anaerobic intestinal bacteria have been shown to reduce azo dyes to carcinogenic aromatic amines. To evaluate the structural similarities of azoreductases from four species of Clostridium and one species of Eubacterium, a polyclonal antibody against purified Clostridium perfringens azoreductase was generated in rabbits. This antibody inhibited the azoreductase activity of all five bacteria tested. ELISA showed different degrees of binding of the antibody to various species of bacteria. In a Western blot, the antibody reacted with the purified azoreductases from all four Clostridium species and the Eubacterium species. These results demonstrate that the azoreductases from the bacteria tested share similar antigenic domains, which are probably located in the active site of the enzyme. Azoreductases from these intestinal bacteria are similar enough to be considered as a single group of enzymes with respect to their functions and antigenicity.

Blotting, Western↗
PubMed1982

Epimerization versus dehydroxylation of the 7 alpha-hydroxyl- group of primary bile acids: competitive studies with Clostridium absonum and 7 alpha-dehydroxylating bacteria (Eubacterium sp.).

Primary bile acids, chenodeoxycholic (3 alpha,7 alpha-dihydroxy-5 beta-cholan-24-oic) and cholic (3 alpha,7 alpha,12 alpha-trihydroxy-5 beta-cholan-24-oic) were included in cultures of (a) Clostridium absonum alone (b) a mixture of C. absonum and a 7-dehydroxylating organism, Eubacterium sp. (c) a mixture of C. absonum and fecal bacteria, and (d) fecal bacteria alone. C. absonum, when added to Eubacterium sp. cultures totally prevented lithocholic acid formation when the substrate was chenodeoxycholic acid and halved deoxycholic acid formation when the substrate was cholic acid. As expected, formation of 7 beta-hydroxy- and 7-keto-bile acids took precedence over formation of 7 alpha-dehydroxylated bile acids. However, the addition of C. absonum to mixed fecal cultures containing chenodeoxycholic acid did not alter production of lithocholic (3 alpha-hydroxy-5 beta-cholan-24-oic) acid; instead it enhanced formation of ursodeoxycholic acid (3 alpha,7 beta-dihydroxy-5 beta-cholan-24-oic acid) at the expense of 7-keto-lithocholic acid (3 alpha-hydroxyl-7-oxo-5 beta-cholan-24-oic acid). Similarly, the addition of C. absonum to mixed fecal cultures containing cholic acid promoted production of ursocholic acid (3 alpha,7 beta,12 alpha-trihydroxy-5 beta-cholan-24-oic acid) which did not take place when C. absonum was not added. Surprisingly, deoxycholic acid formation was somewhat enhanced when C. absonum was added to fecal cultures. These studies suggest that successful introduction of "foreign" 7 alpha-epimerizing organisms into animal or human intestines may influence bile acid metabolism in vivo.

Bile Acids and Salts↗
PubMed2000

What determines arthritogenicity of bacterial cell wall? A study on Eubacterium cell wall-induced arthritis.

OBJECTIVE: To study what determines the arthritogenicity of the bacterial cell wall (CW) using Eubacterium CW-induced arthritis in the rat. METHODS: Eubacterium aerofaciens, previously reported as arthritogenic, and E. limosum and E. alactolyticum, known as non-arthritogenic, were used. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was applied to analyse the chemical composition of the bacterial cell wall. Cellular immune response was measured by concanavalin A (Con A) stimulation and FACScan analysis. Also, serum antibodies against the injected cell wall were determined. RESULTS: Unexpectedly, from the two strains of E. aerofaciens used only one proved to be arthritogenic (with a CW inducing chronic arthritis after a single intraperitoneal injection), even though these two strains were 100% identical by 16S rDNA analysis. CW of the other E. aerofaciens strain induced only transient acute arthritis; CW of E. limosum and E. alactolyticum induced weak signs of acute arthritis. Based on the GC-MS analysis and on the results published previously, putative structures of peptidoglycan (PG) in the four CW preparations are presented. It is apparent that the presence of lysine in position 3 of the PG stem peptide contributes to arthritogenicity but is alone not decisive. Both strains of E. aerofaciens were immunosuppressive, when tested by Con A response at 2 weeks after CW injection. Such an immunosuppression was not observed after injection of CW from E. limosum or E. alactolyticum. FACScan analysis for six T cell markers and studies on serum antibody responses did not reveal any differences in the effect of the four bacterial strains used. CONCLUSIONS: The results obtained suggest that the chemical structure of PG present in the bacterial CW is decisive in determining arthritogenicity/non-arthritogenicity. Therefore, from two bacterial strains belonging to normal human intestinal flora and 100% identical by 16S rDNA analysis, one proved to be arthritogenic and the other non-arthritogenic.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1996

Eubacterium exiguum sp. nov., isolated from human oral lesions.

Eubacterium exiguum sp. nov. is the name proposed for organisms formerly described as Eubacterium group S strains and similar bacteria isolated from various types of oral lesions. This new species was established on the basis of the results of DNA-DNA hybridization experiments and DNA base composition determinations (G + C contents, 60 to 64 mol%). The results of an API ZYM analysis, Western blotting (immunoblotting) reactions, and phenotypic tests are also given. The type strain of E. exiguum is strain S-7.

Bacterial Proteins↗
PubMed1999

Phylogenetic analysis of Fusobacterium alocis and Fusobacterium sulci based on 16S rRNA gene sequences: proposal of Filifactor alocis (Cato, Moore and Moore) comb. nov. and Eubacterium sulci (Cato, Moore and Moore) comb. nov.

Genes encoding the 16S rRNA of Fusobacterium alocis ATCC 35896T and Fusobacterium sulci ATCC 35585T were sequenced. These sequences did not have any affinity with the 16S rRNA gene sequences of members of the genus Fusobacterium. Fusobacterium alocis ATCC 35896T and Fusobacterium sulci ATCC 35585T belonged to Clostridium cluster XI; the species most closely related to these strains were Filifactor villosus NCTC 11220T and Eubacterium infirmum W1471, respectively. Two new combinations are proposed: Filifactor alocis (Cato, Moore and Moore) comb. nov. (type strain ATCC 35896T) and Eubacterium sulci (Cato, Moore and Moore) comb. nov. (type strain ATCC 35585T).

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Outer membrane protein pattern of Eubacterium plautii.

The outer membrane SDS-PAGE pattern of Eubacterium plautii was characterized by a large number of surface exposed low- and high-molecular-mass proteins. Silver stainable carbohydrate was not present. The pattern was clearly distinct from those of outer membrane preparations of Eubacterium saburreum and Fusobacterium nucleatum. The results are compatible with a Gram-positive cell wall structure in E. plautii.

Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins↗
PubMed1994

An unclassified Eubacterium taxon in acute dento-alveolar abscess.

The microflora of pus samples aspirated from 50 acute dento-alveolar abscesses was examined. A total of 143 bacterial strains was isolated, consisting predominantly of Prevotella spp., alpha-haemolytic Streptococcus spp., Peptostreptococcus spp. and Eubacterium spp. An unclassified asaccharolytic Eubacterium taxon was encountered in 17 (34%) of the abscesses. This taxon was found to have a positive association with Fusobacterium spp. and a negative association with alpha-haemolytic Streptococcus spp.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2003

Eubacterium pyruvativorans sp. nov., a novel non-saccharolytic anaerobe from the rumen that ferments pyruvate and amino acids, forms caproate and utilizes acetate and propionate.

Two similar gram-positive rods were isolated from 10(-6) dilutions of ruminal fluid from a sheep receiving a mixed grass hay/concentrate diet, using a medium containing pancreatic casein hydrolysate as sole source of carbon and energy. The isolates did not ferment sugars, but grew on pyruvate or trypticase, forming caproate as the main fermentation product and valerate to a lesser extent. Acetate and propionate were utilized. One of these strains, I-6T, was selected for further study. Strain I-6T was a non-motile coccal rod, 1.2 x 0.4 microm, with a gram-positive cell wall ultrastructure and a G + C content of 56.8 mol%. No spores were visible, and strain I-6T did not survive heating at 80 degrees C for 10 min. Its rate of NH3 production was 375 nmol (mg protein)(-1) min(-1), placing it in the 'ammonia-hyperproducing' (or HAP) group of ruminal bacteria. 16S rDNA sequence analysis (1296 bases) indicated that it represents a novel species within the 'low-G + C' gram-positive group, for which the name Eubacterium pyruvativorans sp. nov. is proposed. Among cultivated bacteria, strain I-6T was most closely related (89% identity) to other asaccharolytic Eubacterium isolates from the mouth and the rumen. It was 98% identical to uncultured bacterial sequences amplified by others from ruminal digesta.

Acetic Acid↗
PubMed1999

Phylogenic and phenotypic evidence for the transfer of Eubacterium fossor to the genus Atopobium as Atopobium fossor comb. nov.

The 16S rRNA primary structure of Eubacterium fossor was determined by sequencing in vitro amplified rDNA. Sequence comparisons indicated that E. fossor has a specific phylogenetic association with the Atopobium species and is far from E. limosum, the type species of the genus Eubacterium. Phenotypic characters of E. fossor resemble those of the genus Atopobium. Therefore, we propose that E. fossor should be transferred to the genus Atopobium as Atopobium fossor comb. nov.

Bacterial Typing Techniques↗
PubMed2000

Phylogenic and phenotypic characterization of some Eubacterium-like isolates from human feces: description of Solobacterium moorei Gen. Nov., Sp. Nov.

Three isolated strains from human feces were characterized by biochemical tests and 16S rDNA analysis. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that these isolated strains were members of the Clostridium subphylum of gram-positive bacteria. The phenotypic characters resembled those of the genus Eubacterium, but these strains were shown to be phylogenetically distant from the type species of the genus, Eubacterium limosum. The strains showed a specific phylogenetic association with Holdemania filiformis and Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae. Based on a 16S rDNA sequence divergence of greater than 12% with H. filiformis and E. rhusiopathiae, a new genus, Solobacterium, is proposed for three strains, with one species, Solobacterium moorei. The type strain of Solobacterium moorei is JCM 10645T.

Bacteria, Anaerobic↗
PubMed1988

The three-dimensional structures of S-layers of two novel Eubacterium species isolated from inflammatory human processes.

The three-dimensional structures of the crystalline surface layers of two species of Eubacteria have been determined by electron microscopy and computerized image processing. The S-layer of Eubacterium sp. ES4C has tetragonal symmetry, with a unit cell spacing of 10.6 nm and a thickness of 9.5 nm, while that of Eubacterium sp. AHN 990 has hexagonal symmetry a = b = 15.7 nm and a thickness of 13 nm. The resolutions in the reconstructions were 2.5 nm and 1.8 nm, respectively. The reconstruction of the S-layer of strain ES4C reveals a distinct domain structure: a major tetramer, arms connecting adjacent unit cells, and a minor tetramer. The S-layer of strain AHN 990, on the other hand, has a rather complex arrangement, centred around the six-fold axis.

Eubacterium↗