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At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Hemodynamic, renal and endocrine effects of atrial natriuretic peptide infusion in severe heart failure.

The cardiac release and total body and renal clearances and the hemodynamic, renal and endocrine effects of increasing doses of atrial natriuretic peptide were investigated in 12 patients with severe chronic congestive heart failure. Immunoreactive arterial plasma levels of atrial natriuretic peptide were 10-fold higher than normal and there was no correlation between aortic atrial natriuretic peptide and cardiac filling pressures. The heart released atrial natriuretic peptide into the coronary sinus. The kidney, though a major clearance site, accounted for only 33% of the total body clearance. Administration of 0.3 micrograms/kg per min atrial natriuretic peptide produced significant changes in heart rate (95 +/- 4 to 85 +/- 4 beats/min) and mean arterial (92 +/- 8 to 77 +/- 9 mm Hg), right atrial (13 +/- 3 to 8 +/- 2 mm Hg) and mean pulmonary artery occluded (27 +/- 3 to 14 +/- 3 mm Hg) pressures. Atrial natriuretic peptide increased cardiac index (2.25 +/- 0.18 to 2.83 +/- 0.3 liters/min per m2) and stroke work index (21 +/- 1.5 to 29 +/- 3.4 g/m2), whereas systemic vascular resistance (1,424 +/- 139 to 1,033 +/- 97 dynes.s.cm(-5)) decreased. Infusion of 0.1 microgram/kg per min atrial natriuretic peptide increased urinary flow 128%, fractional excretion of sodium 133% and fractional excretion of potassium 35%. The filtration fraction increased from 29 +/- 2 to 31 +/- 4%. This represented a disproportionate rise in glomerular filtration rate over renal plasma flow. Plasma aldosterone and norepinephrine decreased whereas plasma renin activity remained unchanged. In association with these hemodynamic, excretory and endocrine changes, the urinary excretion of cyclic guanosine monophosphate doubled. Placebo had no effect. These results showed that, despite high circulating levels of atrial natriuretic peptide, administration of this hormone in heart failure is associated with potentially beneficial hemodynamic, renal and endocrine effects.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Clinical and endocrine effects of flutamide in hyperandrogenic women.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical and endocrine effects of the antiandrogen flutamide in hirsute women. DESIGN: Hirsutism was assessed before and after 3 months of treatment with flutamide 500 mg/d. Endocrine evaluations were performed before and during the 2nd month of treatment with flutamide 500 mg or 750 mg/d. SETTING: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pisa, Italy. PARTICIPANTS: Eighteen hirsute women were studied: nine women were hyperandrogenic, and the other 9 had an idiopathic hirsutism. INTERVENTIONS: Women were randomly treated with flutamide 500 mg/d (9 patients) or 750 mg/d (9 patients) for 3 and 2 months, respectively. Six received placebo 1 month before flutamide treatment. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Hirsutism was assessed by measuring hair diameter. Follicle-stimulating hormone and LH responses to GnRH were evaluated. Basal plasma levels of T, androstenedione (A), 17-hydroxyprogesterone (17-OHP), DHEAS, cortisol (F), and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) were evaluated. The same hormones were determined after a single dose of flutamide (250 or 500 mg) or placebo throughout a 12-hour period and in samples collected 60 and 120 minutes after ACTH intravenous injection. RESULTS: Hair diameter was reduced by 30%. Both dosages of flutamide did not change basal and stimulated gonadotropin, T, A, 17-OHP, F, and SHBG levels. Both dosages reduced stimulated DHEAS levels. CONCLUSIONS: Flutamide may have a beneficial effect on hirsutism. This effectiveness is mainly due to its peripheral antiandrogen action. However, an effect on the adrenal gland seems to be present.

17-alpha-Hydroxyprogesterone↗
PubMed1996

Endocrine effects of recombinant interleukin 6 in man.

In a phase II study, 5 male patients with a good performance status, who had metastatic renal cell carcinoma, received interleukin 6 (IL-6) to evaluate a possible antitumor effect of the cytokine. This offered the opportunity to investigate endocrine effects of IL-6 in man. The patients were studied the day before (day-1), and on days +1 and +21 of the IL-6 therapy (150 micrograms administered subcutaneously every day at 09.00 h). Blood was sampled at 09.00, 11.00, 13.00, 16.00, and 20.00 h. Compared with day -1, on days +1 and +21 serum levels of IL-6 were substantially elevated between 11.00 and 20.00 h. IL-6 significantly decreased serum thyrotropin (TSH) levels on day +1 (p < 0.05). The decrease was even more pronounced on day +21 when TSH concentrations were persistently below the respective values of day +1, suggesting, in addition to the acute action of IL-6, an effect developing with repeated IL-6 administrations. Total serum T3 and T4 levels were significantly lower on day +21 than on days -1 and +1. In contrast, free T3 and free T4 values did not differ among days -1, +1 and +21. Acutely, IL-6 had no effect on serum luteinizing hormone (LH) concentrations. However, on day +21, averaged serum LH levels (between 11.00 and 20.00 h) were significantly higher (8.4 +/- 1.1 IU/l) than on days -1 (6.5 +/- 0.2 IU/l) and +1 (6.4 +/- 0.4 IU/l). Average serum testosterone levels were slightly but not significantly enhanced on day +21. IL-6 did not influence follicle-stimulating hormone, growth hormone, or prolactin levels, neither acutely nor after 3 weeks of daily administration. The data indicate a modulating effect of IL-6 on secretory activity of different endocrine axes in man.

Carcinoma, Renal Cell↗
PubMed2003

Tamoxifen: 28-day oral toxicity study in the rat based on the Enhanced OECD Test Guideline 407 to detect endocrine effects.

The main objective of this 28-day oral gavage toxicity study in the rat was to investigate which of the current and/or additional parameters of the OECD Test Guideline 407 would reliably and sensitively detect the endocrine-mediated effects of the nonsteroidal antiestrogen tamoxifen. In addition, as this study was performed using two subgroups of five animals of each sex run concurrently, it enabled an assessment of the intralaboratory reproducibility while also assessing the potential value of using ten animals of each sex per group instead of using the standard five animals of each sex per group stipulated by the current guideline. Tamoxifen was administered daily by gavage to groups of 7-week-old Wistar rats for at least 28 days at dose levels of 5, 30, or 200 microg/kg body weight. Additional parameters specified in the enhanced OECD Test Guideline 407 were spermatozoa enumeration and morphology of the cauda epididymis, hormonal analysis of the thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) levels, monitoring of the estrous cycle during week 4 of treatment to ensure females were in diestrus on the day of terminal sacrifice, organ weight of ovary, uterus, thyroid gland, prostate gland (ventral and dorsolateral parts), seminal vesicles with coagulation glands and pituitary gland, and microscopic investigation of the pituitary gland, vagina, mammary gland, seminal vesicles with coagulating glands, epididymis, and prostate gland (ventral and dorsolateral parts). Overall, 200 microg/kg per day was considered to be the Maximum Tolerated Dose (MTD) in both sexes, resulting in a marked reduction of body weight gain, together with slight effects on clinical signs, hematology, plasma chemistry, and microscopic changes in some endocrine tissues. Five micrograms per kilogram per day represented the No Observed Adverse Effect Level (NOAEL) in males and the No Observed Effect Level (NOEL) in females. At the intermediate dose level (30 microg/kg per day), the current OECD Test Guideline 407 was appropriate to detect the specific endocrine-related changes induced by tamoxifen in females, based on the histopathology findings observed in the ovary and the uterus. The additional parameters which were found to be changed in females (thyroid hormone levels, ovary and uterus weights, and histopathology of vagina) provided supplementary information further confirming tamoxifen-mediated endocrine effects. In males, when data from the current Test Guideline 407 were considered at the intermediate dose level, specific endocrine effects were only indicated on the basis of the histopathology findings observed in the prostate gland. The additional parameters examined which were found to be changed (prostate gland and seminal vesicle weights, and histopathology of seminal vesicle and mammary gland) were necessary to confirm the specific tamoxifen-mediated endocrine effects. Hence, amongst the additional parameters contained in the enhanced OECD Test Guideline 407, organ weights and histopathological examination of endocrine-related organs were the most helpful in confirming the detection of tamoxifen-mediated endocrine effects. The reproducibility evaluation showed that a group size of five animals of each sex consistently allowed the detection of endocrine effects with the current Test Guideline in both sexes at the high dose level and in females at the intermediate dose level. Doubling the animal number from five to ten of each sex per dose level did not notably increase the sensitivity of detection of endocrine-mediated effects.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Reproductive endocrine effects of chronic lead exposure in the male cynomolgus monkey.

The reproductive endocrine effects of chronic lead exposure were investigated in 9 year old male (n = 16) cynomolgus monkeys, orally dosed with lead acetate (1500 micrograms/kg/day) according to the following dosing regimens: continuous exposure from birth onward (lifetime, n = 4), beginning at postnatal day 300 (post-infancy, n = 5) and postnatal days 0 to 400 (infancy, n = 4), or vehicle only (control, n = 3). Altered Sertoli cell function was shown by a significant (P = 0.0286) decrease in the inhibin/follicle stimulating hormone (INH/FSH) ratio in both the lifetime and post-infancy groups compared to the control group. Gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) stimulated levels of luteinizing hormone (LH) were significantly (P = 0.0370) lower in the lifetime group compared to the control group as determined by comparisons of the area under the curve. These data suggest that chronic lead exposure exerts a subtle effect on the pituitary as well as on Sertoli cell function.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Pressor, renal and endocrine effects of L-arginine in essential hypertensives.

The pressor, renal and endocrine effect of the physiological precursor of endothelial derived nitric oxide, L-arginine was compared, with a substrate inactive on nitric oxide, hypertonic D-glucose, in hypertensive patients. Ten mild-moderate essential hypertensives were assigned to either L-arginine (n = 5) or D-glucose (n = 5). Substances were infused over 25 min at equiosmolal rates preceded and followed by saline infusion for 25 min. Blood pressure and heart rate were monitored at 3-min intervals, while hormonal and humoral variables, inulin and paraaminohippurate clearance and electrolyte excretion were measured at the end of each period under conditions of maximal diuresis. L-arginine and D-glucose increased serum osmolality comparably and caused similar haemodilution to that with control saline. During L-arginine infusion, systolic and diastolic blood pressure decreased by 16.6% and 11%, respectively, and recovered in the postinfusion period. Heart rate, plasma renin activity, and plasma noradrenaline did not change significantly. The percent blood pressure decrement induced by L-arginine was significantly greater than that by D-glucose. Glomerular filtration rate was stable and renal plasma flow was increased by both substances. However, natriuresis, kaliuresis and chloruresis were markedly stimulated only by L-arginine, which also promoted the development of systemic acidosis, possibly as a consequence of hydrochloridric acid generated during its metabolism. Circulating insulin, atrial natriuretic peptide, growth hormone and glucagon levels were increased and plasma aldosterone was unchanged during infusion of L-arginine. Insulin was stimulated and the other hormones inhibited during infusion of D-glucose.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Arginine↗
PubMed1984

Endocrine effects of danazol in the treatment of endometriosis.

The effects of danazol therapy on circulating gonadotrophins, oestradiol and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) binding capacity have been studied in eight patients with endometriosis. There was a significant rise in luteinizing hormone (LH) in the first week of treatment with a fall in oestradiol levels. There was a marked fall in SHBG in the first week which continued up to 4 weeks. It is concluded that danazol is not 'anti-gonadotrophic' as frequently claimed and that its therapeutic actions, side effects and the endocrine changes could be explained by an effect on SHBG production. The rationale of its use in other conditions requires reconsideration.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Endocrine effects of high-dose ketoconazole therapy in advanced prostatic cancer.

The endocrine effects of ketoconazole (400 mg orally every 8 h) were studied in 9 previously untreated patients with advanced prostatic cancer. Five of these patients were followed for 12 months. A rapid fall in the serum concentration of testosterone was noted in all patients studied. Minimal values were observed on day 4 of treatment but thereafter serum testosterone increased slowly. The effect of the drug on unbound testosterone was relatively more important, since sex hormone binding globulin increased markedly during treatment. An increase in progesterone and LH was observed in all patients. This suggests that ketoconazole limits the conversion of C21-precursors into androgens. This block is compensated in part by activation of the hypothalamo-hypophyseal feedback system. Urinary 17-ketosteroids were decreased but 17-hydroxysteroids were unaffected by the treatment. In 5 patients followed monthly over a period of 12 months the mean testosterone concentration ranged from 69 ng/100 ml in one patient to 428 ng/100 ml in another. An excellent inverse correlation could be demonstrated between the mean serum concentration of testosterone and the mean concentration of ketoconazole. The change of serum dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate also correlated inversely with the mean ketoconazole level. Increased concentrations of oestradiol were noted in 2 patients with slight gynaecomastia. It is concluded that long-term suppression of androgen production can be realized by high-dose ketoconazole treatment and that the degree of suppression is proportional to the serum levels of the drug.

17-Ketosteroids↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Antitumor and endocrine effects of an aromatase inhibitor (CGS 16949A) on DMBA-induced rat mammary tumor.

The antitumor and endocrine effects of a new nonsteroidal aromatase inhibitor were studied using DMBA-induced rat mammary carcinomas. CGS 16949A (CGS) was administered orally once daily for 3 weeks. A marked antitumor effect was noted at doses of more than 1 mg/kg, and weight gain was dose dependent. Histologic examination showed atrophic changes of the tumors and decreased expression of estrogen receptor levels. To investigate the mechanism of the antitumor effect of CGS, we studied the changes in endocrine function in rats given this agent. In the groups receiving more than 1 mg/kg of CGS, the serum estradiol and prolactin levels were lower and the serum luteinizing hormone level was higher than in the control group. In rats treated with CGS, ovary weight was increased, while uterus and pituitary weights were decreased. These changes were dose dependent. In contrast, the serum corticosterone level and adrenal weight remained unchanged. We conclude that CGS inhibits the growth of hormone-dependent tumors by changing the hormonal environment.

9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene↗
PubMed1986

Endocrine effects of low dose aminoglutethimide with hydrocortisone--an optimal hormone suppressive regimen.

The endocrine effects of aminoglutethimide 125 mg twice daily and hydrocortisone 20 mg twice daily were assessed in 45 postmenopausal women with advanced breast cancer. Oestrone and oestradiol levels were suppressed by 60% within 2 weeks and suppression was maintained for more than 6 months of chronic treatment. In contrast to conventional dose AG with hydrocortisone, or low dose AG without hydrocortisone, delta 4 androstenedione was suppressed by 65%. This effect may contribute to optimal oestrogen suppression.

Aminoglutethimide↗
PubMed1989

The pharmacokinetics, safety and endocrine effects of authentic biosynthetic human growth hormone in normal subjects.

The pharmacokinetics, safety and endocrine effects of an authentic human growth hormone (bio-hGH), produced by the expression of genomic hGH in a mammalian cell line, were studied in six healthy young men who were administered 0.2 U/kg/day subcutaneously for five consecutive days. Changes in sodium balance and in thyroid function were studied during the week of bio-hGH administration and safety parameters were monitored over a 3-week period. Growth hormone levels reached a mean (+/- SD) peak of 106 +/- 10 mIU/l at 3.3 +/- 0.5 h following the first dose and resulted in a significant rise of somatomedin C. free fatty acids, fasting blood glucose and insulin concentrations. Bio-hGH administration resulted in a significant increase in body weight (80.0 +/- 4.5 to 81.1 +/- 4.3 kg; P less than 0.01) which was associated with a marked reduction in urinary sodium excretion (196 +/- 38 to 45 +/- 20 mmol/day; P less than 0.025). Serum T3 increased during bio-hGH administration and was associated with reciprocal changes in free thyroxine and TSH concentrations. Cardiac, hepatic, renal, biochemical, haematological, endocrinological and immunological functions remained normal throughout the study. No antibodies to hGH or to host cell protein developed during the study. The results show that bio-hGH is safe in the short term, well tolerated, possesses pharmacokinetic and biological properties similar to pituitary hGH, and has distinct effects on sodium balance and on thyroid function. This study stresses the need to monitor patients for effects on sodium retention, carbohydrate metabolism and thyroid function when using hGH doses of 1.0 U/kg/week (40 U/m2/week) or more in patients with GH responsive short stature.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Endocrine effects of chronic administration of psychoactive drugs to prepubertal male rats. II. LSD.

The endocrine effects of chronic D-lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) administration to prepubertal animals were studied by injecting intraperitoneally three times a week for a month either 100 mug or 500 mug of the psychoactive drug per kilogram or the vehicle to groups of Sprague-Dawley male rats starting at 21 days of age. Animals injected with either dosage of LSD had smaller body weights than controls and tail length was significantly reduced in the high dosage group, plasma levels of growth hormone (GH) were decreased in the high dosage group, and pituitary levels in the low dosage group. Plasma levels and pituitary concentrations of luteinizing hormone and follicle stimulating hormone were not significantly modified by the drug. The low dosage of LSD decreased the brain levels of noradrenaline and increased those of dopamine, while the high dosage decreased those of 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid. These data suggest that LSD, when administered chronically to developing animals, can inhibit body growth probably by altering the secretion of GH through modifications of its neuroendocrine control.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Renal and endocrine effects of physiological variations of atrial natriuretic factor in normal humans.

The renal and endocrine effects of incremental infusions of 3 and 6 ng.kg-1.min-1 of exogenous atrial natriuretic factor (ANF)-(99-126) or placebo were investigated in 10 normal subjects. A 90-min basal period was followed by two 2-h infusion periods with urine collection in the last 90 min of each period. Plasma ANF concentration increased by 50 and 150%, respectively, from a basal value of 6.2 +/- 3.1 pmol/l. Plasma guanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate concentration increased in parallel with ANF. Blood pressure and heart rate were unchanged, whereas hematocrit was stepwise increased. 51Cr-EDTA clearance (GFR) did not change, but ANF caused an increase in Li clearance (a measure of end-proximal fluid delivery), Na clearance, and urine flow compared with time-matched control values. These excretory effects of ANF were mainly due to prevention of the 20- to 50% decreases occurring in the placebo series. Calculated values of fractional proximal and distal tubular Na reabsorption decreased significantly. ANF caused a decrease in plasma concentrations of active renin and aldosterone, whereas renin substrate, angiotensin I, and angiotensin II concentrations were unaltered. A subtle increase in plasma concentrations of norepinephrine and epinephrine was observed during the ANF infusions. These data suggest that the natriuretic effect of ANF is caused by an increased fluid delivery from the proximal tubule in addition to a fall in fractional distal Na reabsorption.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Endocrine effects of marijuana in the male: preclinical studies.

Marijuana affects a variety of hormones that are regulated by hypothalamic function and it appears that the psychoactive ingredient, THC, is the major compound responsible for this action. It is probable that THC affects these hormones through its ability to alter various neural transmitters in the hypothalamus or neural transmitters in the CNS which impinge on the hypothalamus. The dopaminergic and serotonergic fibers seem to be particularly important. The two gonadotropins, LH and FSH, secreted by the pituitary gland are of major importance to reproduction in the male. Both gonadotropins appear to respond to a single releasing factor from the hypothalamus, GnRH, which is sensitive to catecholamine neurotransmitters. The THC-induced block of GnRH release results in lowered LH and FSH which is responsible for reduced testosterone production by the Leydig cells of the testis. Other hormones that might have a synergistic or antagonistic effect upon reproduction in the male are the adrenal cortical hormones, prolactin, thyroid hormones, and growth hormones. THC appears to depress prolactin, thyroid gland function, and growth hormone while elevating adrenal cortical steroids. Chronic exposure of laboratory animals, such as rats, mice, and monkeys to marijuana and to the various cannabinoids in marijuana has altered the function of several of the accessory reproductive organs. Reports of reduced prostate and seminal vesicle weights, as well as altered testicular function, have been partially explained by the effect of marijuana in lowering serum testosterone needed for proper function and support. Although some of the change in organ weight may be due to lowered testosterone production by the Leydig cells of the testis, some of the weight changes may be due to a direct action of THC, and perhaps some of the other nonpsychoactive cannabinoids in marijuana, on the tissue themselves. Also, of concern are the reports that acute cannabinoid treatments affects the quality and quantity of spermatozoa produced by the testis. The question is still unanswered as to whether or not the effects observed on spermatozoa are due to a direct action of the cannabinoids on spermatogenesis, or whether some of the observed effects may be due to altered hormone levels which are necessary for the support of spermatogenesis. Reduced testosterone and FSH may be important in producing the observed changes in sperm production by the seminiferous tubules. Many of the effects on the endocrine system caused by chronic treatment of animals with THC are completely reversible with time and there is reason to believe that tolerance develops to these effects with acute exposure to THC.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1989

Diazepam: endocrine effects and hypothalamic binding sites in the developing male and female rat.

The ontogeny of diazepam's endocrine effects in male and female rats, and of 3H-diazepam binding in the hypothalami of both sexes was studied. Diazepam inhibited basal prolactin levels in 38 day-old male rats and, if prolactin levels were stimulated by Haloperidol the inhibition occurred in 28 day-old males, indicating that the hypoprolactinemic effect of the drug could be evidenced earlier if prolactin titers were high. The prolactin inhibition in females did not reach statistical significance at any studied age. Diazepam significantly released LH only in male rats at 12 days, showing thus, a period of special sensitivity of LH release to the drug. Benzodiazepine-hypothalamic binding sites increased in number from birth to puberty, reaching a plateau at 20 days of age. No sexual differences or changes in affinity were found throughout the studied period. These results suggest that the maturation of diazepam's hypoprolactinemic effect could be partially related to the increase in hypothalamic binding sites, whereas the sexual differences observed in diazepam's endocrine actions could be due to sexual differentiation of endocrine control mechanisms.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Rapid endocrine effects of tamoxifen and testolactone in prostatic carcinoma patients.

The short-term (6-day) endocrine effects of tamoxifen and testolactone were investigated in men with prostatic carcinoma. Tamoxifen treatment (20 mg/day) did not affect the gonadotropin levels, but it temporarily increased prolactin, induced sex hormone-binding globulin production, and suppressed peripheral serum progesterone, 17-hydroxyprogesterone, androstenedione, testosterone, and 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone concentrations. These changes were attributed to the estrogenic properties of tamoxifen, since no changes in peripheral serum estradiol concentrations were observed. Testolactone (1000 mg/day) decreased peripheral estradiol concentrations by 50% and increased the concentrations of the neutral steroids measured. The increases in serum FSH and LH were very small. This study corroborates the early estrogen-like action of tamoxifen, and the experiment with testolactone further suggests that endogenous estradiol has physiological functions in man, regulating gonadotropin and androgen production.

Aged↗
PubMed2001

Endocrine effects of dopexamine vs. dopamine in high-risk surgical patients.

OBJECTIVES: To compare the endocrine effects of dopexamine and dopamine on prolactin (PRL), dihydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS), cortisol, thyrotropin (TSH), and peripheral thyroid hormone serum concentrations in surgical patients at risk of developing postoperative complications because of hypoperfusion of various organ systems. DESIGN AND SETTING: A prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled, blinded clinical trial in an adult surgical intensive care unit in a university hospital. PATIENTS: Thirty-two male surgical risk patients undergoing elective major abdominal surgery. INTERVENTIONS: Patients were randomized to receive placebo ( n=8), dopexamine (0.5 microg kg(-1) min(-1), n=8), dopexamine (1 microg kg(-1) min(-1), n=8) or dopamine (5 microg kg(-1) min(-1), n=8) on the first postoperative day. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: All patients received either a placebo or catecholamine infusion for 24 h. Blood samples were obtained every 2 h for the next 2 days. PRL, DHEAS, cortisol, TSH, triiodothyronine, thyroxin, free triiodothyronine, and free thyroxin serum concentrations were determined by radioimmunoassay or luminescence immunoassay. Dopexamine (0.5 microg kg(-1) min(-1)) had no effects on serum concentrations of PRL or TSH. Higher doses of dopexamine (1 microg kg(-1) min(-1)) suppressed PRL secretion significantly, but not TSH. In contrast, infusion of dopamine (5 microg kg(-1) min(-1)) completely inhibited PRL and TSH secretion. DHEAS, cortisol, and thyroid hormone serum concentrations were not affected by either dopexamine or dopamine infusion. Measurements of hemodynamic parameters, peripheral oxygen saturation, diuresis, blood gases, and standard laboratory parameters were repeated hourly. Significant differences were not found between placebo, dopexamine (0.5 microg kg(-1) min(-1)) and dopamine (5 microg kg(-1) min(-1)) group. Dopexamine at 1 microg kg(-1) min(-1) increased the heart rate significantly. CONCLUSIONS: Routine postoperative optimizing of men undergoing abdominal surgical procedures with dopexamine at higher doses or dopamine induces at least partial hypopituitarism, which may possibly affect postoperative morbidity.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1985

A comparison of the endocrine effects of low dose aminoglutethimide with and without hydrocortisone in postmenopausal breast cancer patients.

The endocrine effects of 125 mg (low dose) aminoglutethimide (AG) twice daily (b.d.) were compared with those of 125 mg AG + 20 mg hydrocortisone (HC) b.d. in 23 and 45 postmenopausal patients with advanced breast cancer, respectively. The patients in each group were drawn from two separate populations, but the mean age and weight of the groups were similar and there were no significant differences between the pretreatment serum levels of the hormones investigated. Serum oestrone and oestradiol levels were suppressed by both treatments, but there was a significantly greater suppression by AG + HC. This greater suppression is probably due to the observed increase in serum androstenedione (i.e. precursor) levels with AG alone, whilst with AG + HC these levels were found to be reduced. In terms of suppression of serum oestrogen levels it is of benefit to combine low dose AG with HC.

Adult↗