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PubMed2001

Dermoid cyst of the colon.

Dermoid cysts are benign cystic teratomas lined by skin and epidermal appendages. We report a dermoid cyst occurring in a 26-year-old female whose chief complaint was irregular vaginal bleeding. Abdominal magnetic resonance image demonstrated a space-occupying lesion in the right lower abdomen. The mass showed hyperintensity on the T2 image and the signal was homogeneous for the interior. During abdominal surgery we made the diagnosis of subserous tumor of the colon and resected the ileocecal portion of the colon. The tumor measured 5.4 x 4.8 x 3.5 cm and was soft and elastic. On cross section, a unilocular cyst filled with atheromatous material was found. Pathological examination revealed a dermoid cyst. In the view of this diagnosis, a simple excision would have been an adequate treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Covered rupture of periocular dermoid cysts. Clinico-histologic study].

BACKGROUND: Dermoid cysts are common periocular tumours that occur in childhood and can, in case of rupture, result in persistent granulomatous inflammation. Histologically signs of chronical inflammation of the wall of the dermoid cyst are occasionally found in dermoid cysts that show no clinical symptoms. The aim of this study is to analyze frequency and etiology of this inflammation. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The charts of 21 patients that were operated on because of a dermoid cyst at Heidelberg University Eye Hospital between 1986 and 1993 have been examined concerning anamnesis, clinical symptoms, localisation of the cyst and incidents during operation. The dermoid cysts were assessed macroscopically, and histologically by means of serial sections (three cuts every 200 microns). RESULTS: Histologically 8 patients (38%), of which only one had clinical symptoms, showed an inflammation of the wall of the cyst. The serial histological sections revealed a hidden rupture, that is a damage of the epithelium with a remaining pseudo-capsule of connective tissue, in these 8 patients. Hidden ruptures occurred proportionately most often at the age of 20 to 40. All cysts with a volume of more than 2197 mm3 showed a hidden rupture. CONCLUSIONS: Hidden ruptures seem to be the reason for inflammations of the wall of a dermoid cyst. By way of the rupture, the content of the cyst gets into contact with the surrounding tissue, which results in a granulomatous reaction to the foreign body with remaining pseudo-capsule, to begin with. Etiologically a hidden rupture is promoted by the growth of the dermoid cyst and the pubertal enlargement of the sebaceous glands in the wall of the cyst. As a hidden rupture may result in a complete one with corresponding clinical symptoms, and as the risk to rupture a cyst during operation is higher in case of a cyst with hidden rupture, we recommend an early operative removal of dermoid cysts, if possible at the age of 3 or 4, but at least within the first 10 years.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Long-term survival in a child with a brain stem dermoid cyst.

BACKGROUND: Brain stem dermoid cysts are very rare lesions, and in most, the outcome has been very poor. Because of the dangers of dissecting the cyst wall away from the brain stem parenchyma, some authors have advocated not to attempt a radical resection. METHODS: We describe a child in whom the brain stem dermoid cyst recurred rapidly after a conservative approach. We therefore attempted a radical removal. RESULTS: During surgery, the almost complete resection of the cyst wall was not very difficult, leading to an apparent cure after 4 years. CONCLUSION: In exceptional cases, it may be possible to remove a brain stem dermoid cyst without prohibitive morbidity and with long-term cure.

Brain Stem Neoplasms↗
PubMed2006

Ruptured intracranial dermoid cysts.

Rupture of intracranial dermoid cysts (RICDC) is a rare phenomenon. The mechanism of rupture, pathophysiology of fat in the ventricles and subarachnoid spaces, possible complications, and proper management of such conditions are proposed on the basis of a review of the literature and experience with two cases of ruptured intracranial dermoid cysts (One was in the pineal region, while another was in the fourth ventricle). It is concluded that rupture of intracranial dermoid cysts is usually spontaneous and non-fatal. Persistence of fat in the subarachnoid spaces postoperatively may last asymptomatically for years. Surgery is the only way to deal with these benign lesions. If the capsule is adherent to vital areas, incomplete removal is advised as recurrence and malignant transformation are unlikely to occur.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1992

Sublingual contiguous thyroglossal and dermoid cysts in a neonate.

Thyroglossal duct cysts and dermoid cysts are two distinct lesions which can occur in the midline of the head and neck region. Different embryologic explanations for these two lesions have traditionally been accepted. Recent evidence, however, hints at an association between them. We present here a case in which both of these cysts occurred together in an unusual anatomic location, along with a discussion of the possible relationship between these two pathologic entities.

Dermoid Cyst↗
PubMed2001

[True double dermoid cyst of the tongue].

Dermoid cysts into ENT zone are specially infrequent--just the 7% of the organism--, and extremely rare if are located in the tongue. They are usually detected as midline acute swelling, and produce swallowing, speech and sleep disorders at neonatal period because of their congenital character. We present an eleven-year-old boy admitted at our Hospital bearing a submandibular and oral swelling, and dysphagia with odynophagia, finally diagnosed as an intralingual double dermoid cyst of the anterior two thirds. The history of frenulectomy due to a presumed ankyloglossia, the previous presence of a dorsal tumour in tongue with a difficult phonetic articulation, and the midline location of lesions made us to suspect on dermoid cysts of the tongue. Complete surgical excision were diagnostic and therapeutic, and the child recovered totally their mastication, swallowing and speech abilities. Pathophysiological aspects, treatment and the atypical course of the case are discussed.

Child↗
PubMed2001

Dermoid cyst of the maxillary sinus.

Dermoid cysts are rare developmental teratomatous lesions composed of ectodermally derived stratified squamous epithelium and mesodermally derived skin adnexal structures. As part of the teratomatous lesion group, dermoid cysts are related to teratoid cysts, true teratomas, and epignathi. Although several theories have been postulated, the pathogenesis of dermoid cysts, and teratomatous lesions in general, is unclear. Most commonly affecting sites within the head and neck, dermoid cysts may be found in the frontotemporal/lateral brow area, central nasal area, oral cavity, lateral neck, and other sites. We present what is believed to be the first reported case arising within the maxillary sinus and briefly discuss the possible pathogenesis.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Rapidly growing sublingual dermoid cyst throughout pregnancy.

Dermoid cysts (DCs) are subcutaneously located cystic masses that contain epithelium and adnexal structures. They are most commonly located in the ovaries and sacral region. Seven percent of DCs are found in the head and neck. Sublingual DCs may develop above the mylohyoid, presenting in the floor of the mouth or below it, causing a submental or submaxillary mass. We presented a case with a sublingual giant DC enlarged rapidly during pregnancy manifesting deglutition and mild respiratory problems. The growth of a DC of the neck may be accelerated in pregnancy period and may ensue severe symptoms challenging both mother and fetus. We proposed the removal of sublingual DCs before attempting to conceive to eliminate the risk of rapid growth of DC that results in respiratory and deglutition problems.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Cystic mass at the suprasternal notch of a newborn: congenital suprasternal dermoid cyst.

We report a case of a newborn female with an unusual suprasternal simple cystic mass found to be a dermoid cyst. Dermoid cysts of the head and neck are rare lesions, but a midline location is characteristic for these congenital masses. A dermoid cyst should be high on the list of differential diagnoses given a unilocular midline cyst in a neonate even if no fat elements are demonstrated on imaging studies.

Dermoid Cyst↗
PubMed2005

Dermoid cyst of the maxilla.

Dermoid cysts of the jaw bones are very rare. A case of an intraosseous dermoid cyst of the maxilla of a 5-year-old-male is reported. The possible origins are described.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1979

Giant dermoid cysts of the orbit.

Giant dermoid cysts of the orbit are developmental abnormalities that are usually found near the lacrimal gland in adults. The diagnosis of giant dermoid cysts can usually be established by radiographic studies and computed tomographic scanning. A surgical technique for the removal of these lesions with minimal complications is described in detail. Two cases are presented to demonstrate the methods used to diagnose and completely remove giant dermoid cysts with recovery of visual function and extraocular movements.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Four year experience in laparoscopic dissection of intact ovarian dermoid cysts.

BACKGROUND: Intraperitoneal spillage of dermoid cyst content, if not followed immediately by abundant peritoneal lavage, can cause a chemical peritonitis with subsequent adhesion formation. STUDY DESIGN: We performed an open clinical study in a university hospital. Forty-four consecutive ovarian dermoid cysts were removed intact from 40 premenopausal women operated on between October 1993 and December 1997. The laparoscopic technique included: 1) creation of a cleavage plane between the cyst and the ovary; 2) dissection of the cyst by a combination of water, scissors, and gravity without direct traction on the cyst; and 3) extraction of the cyst after its placement inside a laparoscopic bag. RESULTS: The mean cyst diameter was 6.5 cm (range 3 to 12 cm). Mean operating time was 125 minutes (range 50 to 180 minutes). All patients were discharged within 48 hours. The cysts were dissected completely intact and were extracted without spillage in the abdominal cavity in all cases. Operative followup was available in 15 of the 40 patients; mild adhesions were found on the treated ovary in 3 (20%). CONCLUSIONS: It is always possible to prevent rupture and spillage of dermoid cysts during laparoscopic operations, but this approach is time consuming and needs expert surgical technique.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Laparoscopic management of dermoid cysts in patients of reproductive age.

OBJECTIVE: Ovarian dermoid cysts are one of the most common germ cell tumors in women. The aim of the study was to analyze the use of laparoscopy in dermoid cysts treatment in women of reproductive age. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The studied material consisted of 95 patients, aged 17-49, operated on because of dermoid cyst suspicion at the 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Warsaw, in the years 1996-2005. All the patients had pre-operative CA-125 antigen evaluation and transvaginal sonography with Doppler assessment of the ovarian pathology. All the women with tumors less than 8 cm in diameter were qualified for laparoscopic management. RESULTS: The majority of patients were below 40 years of age (86 women; 90.5%). Out of 95 studied cases, 93 (97.9%) had the cyst removed during laparoscopy, mostly elective. Dermoid cyst enucleation was the most commonly applied procedure, while oophorectomy was the least frequent. The whole gonad was removed in 33 patients (34.7%), generally because of the total loss of functional ovarian tissue surrounding the cyst (28 women; 29.5%). All the extracted material was submitted for a histopathological examination--the diagnosis of mature ovarian cystic teratoma was confirmed in 100% of cases. The correspondence of pre-operative sonographic imaging and intraoperative macroscopic assessment was evaluated. In 85 (89.5%) operated patients an ovarian tumor was earlier described as a dermoid cyst. CONCLUSIONS: Laparoscopic treatment of ovarian dermoid cysts is a safe method, offering many advantages in comparison to classical surgery. However, proper early qualification, based on medical history, gynecological and sonographic examination is of great importance.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

MRI findings of an ovarian dermoid cyst with malignant transformation.

The ovarian dermoid cyst is the most common ovarian tumor. However, malignant transformation developing from a dermoid cyst is very rare. Because of this rarity, few reports exist of preoperative diagnosis of this tumor by MRI. We report MRI findings from a 69-year-old patient with a malignant transformation (squamous cell carcinoma with sarcomatoid features) in a right ovarian dermoid cyst.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

Malignant change in a mediastinal dermoid cyst.

Mature benign cystic teratomas, or dermoid cysts, usually arise in the ovary. They can, however, occur at other sites, including the mediastinum. Malignant change within dermoid cysts is a rare but recognized complication, occurring in 1%-2% of cases. A case of malignant change within a mediastinal dermoid cyst occurring 19 years after initial presentation is described.

Cell Transformation, Neoplastic↗
PubMed1996

Squamous cell carcinoma arising in dermoid cyst.

Since malignant transformation in a dermoid cyst is extremely rare, the clinicopathological characteristics of patients with squamous carcinoma arising in dermoid cyst are evaluated in the hope of offering a more rational therapy. Our first patient was lost to follow-up after surgery. In the second patient, with a gross stage III disease, after extensive surgery and multiagent chemotherapy we were able to achieve a remission period of 42 months. In the third patient with pelvic lymph node metastases, adjuvant radiation and chemotherapy was administered following surgical staging. She was free of disease 6 months after surgery. Malignant transformation in a dermoid cyst is a rare complication observed especially in older age groups. Thus, a frozen section in these decades may improve detection of this complication allowing a more accurate staging. Although poor prognosis is reported, an aggressive approach with cisplatinum based chemotherapy and radiation and even with secondary cytoreduction, long-term remission may be achieved.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed2003

Latent form of multiple dermoid cysts in the jaw bone.

Dermoid cysts of the jaw are exceedingly rare, and only six such cases have been documented. The present paper reports a case with multiple microcysts showing histological characteristics of dermoid cyst in the surgically resected mandibular bone. These cysts were located near the inferior border of the mandibular bone, and histologically composed of an inner thin layer of squamous epithelium with marked hyperorthokeratinization and an outer layer of fibrous tissue containing numerous mature sebaceous glands. In addition, a hair follicle-like epithelial sphere was seen in part. The present microcysts suggest that it arises de novo, and one possible cause of jaw cysts could be sequestration of the stomadeal ectoderm that may have been trapped deep in the surface and embedded in the developing mandibular bone during embryogenesis. It may not be possible that such cysts developed from the odontogenic epithelial remnant undergoing dermoid metaplasia.

Adult↗