Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Depression--analysis”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

42 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

Testosterone and men's depression: the role of social behavior.

Medical research suggests that testosterone has positive effects on mood (thereby reducing the chances of depression), and social science research finds testosterone to be related to antisocial behavior, risk behavior, unemployment and low paying jobs, and being unmarried--factors known to be positively related to depression. Analysis of a sample of 4,393 men finds a parabolic model best fits the data. The relationship between testosterone and depression is inverse for men with below average testosterone and direct for those with above average testosterone. The relationship disappears for those with above average testosterone when controls for antisocial and risk behaviors and the absence of protective factors such as marriage and steady employment are in the equation. The relationship is unchanged for those with below average testosterone. The results help explain the difference between medical and social research findings. Mechanisms accounting for the findings are explored.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Conversion disorder revisited.

Conversion disorder is defined as a psychiatric illness whose symptoms or deficits, affecting voluntary motor or sensory function, cannot be explained by a neurological or general medical condition. Proposing a strategy in the search for the neural mechanisms underlying conversion disorder is a difficult task, partly because key features of the illness inherently lie on a continuum with other psychiatric disorders, such as depression and posttraumatic stress disorder. Recent brain imaging studies have revealed neural circuits involved in complex mental processes potentially related to conversion disorder. These studies are reviewed, together with neuroimaging work in conversion disorder and brain imaging studies that have enriched the conceptualization of memory and emotion in posttraumatic stress disorder and major depression. Analysis of this information from a symptom-based rather than a disease-category perspective leads to a brain-based cognitive model of conversion disorder. This model suggests that disconnected crosstalk between the individual subdivisions of the anterior cingulate and the prefrontal cortex might provide a neuroscientific basis for the psychodynamic dissociation hypothesis, traditionally the bedrock explanation of the relationship between internal conflict and physical deficit. The model also suggests novel research approaches, as well as opportunities for potential therapeutic interventions.

Brain↗
PubMed1983

Comparisons of the interaction of propranolol and timolol with model and biological membrane systems.

The nonspecific interaction of the beta-adrenergic blocking drugs, propranolol and timolol, with model and biological membranes has been investigated. Radioisotope measurements of the association of these drugs with dimyristoyl lecithin (DMPC) bilayers showed that both propranolol and timolol had a significantly greater molar association (mole of drug per mole of lipid) with DMPC above its phase transition temperature than below. Timolol had a much lower molar association with DMPC as compared with propranolol both above and below the phase transition temperature. For the DMPC model membrane system, the molar association of propranolol as measured by radioisotope and inferred from calorimetric studies was similar. Neutron diffraction utilizing propranolol deuterated in the naphthalene moiety showed that the naphthalene moiety of propranolol partitions into the hydrocarbon core of the DMPC lipid bilayer, and that the charged amine side chain is most likely positioned in the aqueous phospholipid head group region. For timolol, the association as measured by radioisotope methods was apparently greater than the partitioning inferred from calorimetric studies using freezing point depression analysis, suggesting a more complex interaction of timolol as compared with propranolol with the DMPC lipid bilayer. The association of propranolol and timolol with sarcoplasmic reticulum vesicles (SR) was similar to that with highly purified protein-depleted SR lipids, and DMPC above its phase transition. The association of propranolol with the SR membrane (mole of propranolol per mole of SR phospholipid) correlated with its ability to inhibit calcium uptake, whereas only a fraction of the total association of timolol with the SR membrane appeared to lead to inhibition of calcium uptake. These results suggest that the major nonspecific interactions of propranolol and timolol are with the SR membrane lipids, and that the magnitude of their interactions depends on both the lipid solubility of the drug and the physical state of the fatty acyl chains of the membrane. Both propranolol and timolol appear to perturb the functional properties of the calcium pump protein in the SR membrane (inhibition of ATP-induced calcium uptake) indirectly by partitioning into the bulk lipid matrix of the SR lipid bilayer, although other sites of interaction cannot be excluded.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Diagnostic indices of zinc deficiency in children with renal diseases.

Abnormal taste acuity and zinc depletion have been reported with endstage renal disease. In order to determine when altered taste and zinc deficiency begin in the course of chronic progressive renal disease and to assess the various indices of zinc depletion, 14 pediatric patients were studied who were in various degrees of renal failure. They were not yet on dialysis or in need of transplantation. Taste acuity was abnormal in all patients. The mean plasma zinc levels were less than normal, but the differences were not statistically significant. The hair and RBC zinc concentrations, however, were significantly depressed. Analysis of the data indicate that zinc deficiency begins early in the course of chronic renal failure, that hair and RBC zinc measurements are the most reliable indicators of zinc status, and that poor intake of zinc containing foods is the major cause of the zinc depletion.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

[Psychological study of rape victims].

This paper covers a study of rape victims, according to the records of Clinic for Gynekology and Obstetrics in Novi Sad, in terms of the late psychological and psychiatric consequences. Several methods were used: special questionnaire, Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory for estimating personality and selfdescriptive scale of depression, Beck Depression Inventory. Results emphasize that the group with the highest rape risk consists of female persons aged from 22 to 30 years, single, without children and with lower education level. Psychological and psychiatric and analysis shows pathological personality of victims in most cases. All victims tested, expressed intensive or mild degree of depression. Analysis of offense situation points to significant degree of victimization.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Hormone therapy and affect.

This study investigated the influence of hormone therapy on affect in a double blind crossover trail. The sample consisted of 49 women who had previously undergone hysterectomy and bilateral oophorectomy. Therapy consisted of 3 mth each of ethynyl oestradiol-50 micron/day, levonorgestrel-250 micron/day, "Nordial"-a combination of these two substances, and placebo. Affect was measured by the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, verbal reports by women and self-ratings on visual analogue scales. Ethinyl oestradiol was found to have a beneficial influence on aspects of affect such as Hamilton scores, anxiety irritability and insomnia. The influence of hormones on Hamilton scores could be partly but not fully explained by the alleviation of hot flushes. Norgestrel showed less favourable changes initially but these tended to diminish by the third therapy month. Most of the women studied were not clinically depressed. Anxiety symptoms were the major features exhibited in the group of women investigated. The results of this study suggest that visual analogue rating scales are of questionable validity in assessing affect in patients without any appreciable psychiatric morbidity.

Affect↗