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At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Circulating cornea-specific antibodies in corneal disease and cornea transplantation.

In order to establish the significance of circulating cornea-specific antibodies, we determined the presence of anti-corneal antibodies in the serum of 100 patients with corneal disease and in 50 healthy controls, and subsequently followed the pattern of antibody reactivity in 46 patients who underwent corneal transplantation. An indirect immunofluorescence test on cryostat sections of rabbit corneas was used for screening. The reactivity against two known bovine corneal epithelial proteins was also tested: a 54-kD protein (BCP 54) and an 11-kD protein (BCP 11/24). No significant difference in the presence and specificity of anti-corneal antibodies was observed between the group of patients with corneal disease, taken as a whole, and the healthy controls. Patients with keratoconus or non-immunological graft failure, however, were significantly more often positive for anti-corneal antibodies. Neither the presence of antibodies prior to corneal transplantation nor their appearance post-transplantation had a predictive value for corneal graft survival.

Aldehyde Dehydrogenase↗
PubMed1972

A quantitative description of equilibrium and homeostatic thickness regulation in the in vivo cornea. I. Normal cornea.

By combining a description of the coupled solute and water flows through the in vivo cornea with a set of appropriate mechanical equilibrium conditions, it is possible to calculate directly the corneal thickness, given the corneal temperature, the state of the aqueous and tears, the swelling pressure-hydration relation of the corneal stroma, and the transport properties of the corneal membranes. Active transport of ions or water by the corneal epithelium or endothelium, or both, are explicitly included. When published parameters are inserted into the formulation, the normal corneal thickness is recovered, and the corneal potential, anteriorly directed water flux, and stromal salt content are in reasonable to quantitative agreement with experiment. The analysis yields a simple physical explanation of the stromal imbibition pressure and the opposing forces which cause the cornea to assume its normal thickness.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

The angiopoietin-like factor cornea-derived transcript 6 is a putative morphogen for human cornea.

The human cornea-specific protein cornea-derived transcript 6 (CDT6) is a member of the angiopoietin gene family. We report the structural and functional characterization of CDT6. We demonstrate that CDT6 is a secreted protein that folds into disulfide-linked homotetramers by coiled-coil interactions. The finding that CDT6 is expressed at high levels in the avascular corneal stromal layer suggested that the protein, similar to certain angiopoietins, acts as a negative regulator of angiogenesis. To test this hypothesis and to assay the effect of the protein on a growing tissue with high vascular density, CDT6 was expressed in a mouse xenograft model. Expression of CDT6 led to a reduction in tumor growth and aberrant blood vessel formation by inducing massive fibrosis. Interestingly, expression of CDT6 also resulted in the deposition of extracellular matrix components typical for the mature corneal stromal layer. These observations strongly suggest a role as morphogen for CDT6 in inducing a corneal phenotype in vivo.

Angiopoietin-1↗
PubMed2005

Contribution to comprehension of image formation in confocal microscopy of cornea with Rostock cornea module.

AIM: To investigate the influence of refractive index of aqueous humour on imaging of corneal endothelium in confocal microscopy. To clarify the phenomenon of dark endothelial and bright epithelial cell membranes in confocal images of corneas. METHODS: Use of a novel digital confocal laser scanning microscope, a combination of the Heidelberg retina tomograph (HRT II) and the Rostock cornea module. Exchange of aqueous humour solution from domestic pigs against glycerol/water solutions (refractive indices eta = 1.337-1.47). Transelectron microscopy of endothelial and epithelial cell morphology. RESULTS: Under the terms of variable refractive indices no differences were observed for general imaging of endothelium. Bright cells were bordered by dark cell membranes in all experiments. Electron microscopy of endothelium and epithelium revealed differences in intracellular and cell membrane structure of both cell types. CONCLUSION: Source of specific confocal optical behaviour of endothelium does not come from interface conditions to aqueous humour, but may result from intracellular variations and ultrastructure of cell membranes.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

[Adrenochrome deposits in the cornea ("Black cornea"). A clinical-pathological case report].

A case of 'black cornea', occurring 6 years after commencement of a therapy with adrenaline derivative eye drops, is reported. Enucleation was performed because of suspected malignant melanoma. The eye was sent to our laboratory for histopathological examination. The clinical and histopathological findings are described, and the pathogenesis of the 'black cornea' is discussed.

Adrenochrome↗
PubMed1983

Biosynthesis of proteokeratan sulfate in the bovine cornea. 2) Isolation of subcellular membrane fragments from bovine cornea cells with keratan sulfate synthesizing activity.

Cornea cells were isolated from bovine corneae after collagenase treatment. Subcellular fragments were fractionated by density gradient centrifugation. The density gradient run was monitored by determination of the marker enzyme activities for mitochondria, plasma membranes, lysosomes and endoplasmatic reticulum, of the enzyme activities involved in keratan sulfate synthesis and of the protein content. The fractions were further investigated by electron microscopy. Two membrane fractions with keratan sulfate-synthesizing activity (UDP-N-acetylglucosamine:keratan-N-acetylglucosaminyl-transferase, UDPgalactose:keratan galactosyltransferase and keratan sulfotransferase) were detected: a heavy fraction separated from the other organells investigated and a light fraction exhibiting the same density as plasma membranes. The activities of the three enzymes were found in the same density gradient fractions with a similar distribution pattern between the fractions, which suggests a joint localization of these 3 enzymes at the same intracellular sites.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Brittle cornea, blue sclera, and red hair syndrome (the brittle cornea syndrome).

A syndrome of red hair, blue sclera, and brittle cornea with recurrent spontaneous perforations is presented in 2 siblings of a Tunisian Jewish family. The genetic transmission of this disorder is autosomal recessive. This is the second description of this syndrome, which should be called the 'brittle cornea syndrome'. This syndrome has so far been reported only in Tunisian Jewish families.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

(Na+K+)-activated ATPase in human cornea. Distribution within the cornea and properties of the enzyme from epithelial cells.

Distribution and principal characteristics of (Na+K+)-activated ATPase in human cornea were investigated. (Na+K+)-ATPase was present in both epithelium and endothelium, whereas the corneal stroma did not exhibit significant enzyme activity. In homogenates specific activity of the (Na+K+)-ATPase was 2.3-fold higher in endothelium than in epithelium. Calculation of total enzyme activity revealed a 6.1-fold higher content of (Na+K+)-ATPase in the epithelium. In the epithelium a 7-fold enrichment of (Na+K+)-ATPase compared to the homogenate was obtained in the 150-1500 X gav fraction. Maximum enrichment in the endothelium was 3.5-fold and was achieved in the 1500-2500 X gav fraction. Both fractions showed, however, the same specific activity. The pH-optimum of (Na+K+)-ATPase in the 150-1500 X gav fraction ranged from 8.0-8.2 in both epithelium and endothelium. In the epithelial 150-1500 X gav fraction the apparent Km-values were 4.0 mM for Na+, 2.8 mM for K+ and 0.12 mM for Mg2+ - ATP in equimolar concentrations. The inhibition constant of epithelial (Na+K+)-ATPase for ouabain was determined as Ki = 3.3 X 10(-7) M. The present data support the view that control of corneal hydration in man is a function of both endothelium and epithelium.

Adenosine Triphosphatases↗
PubMed1983

The cornea press: restoring donor corneas to normal dimensions and hydration before cryolathing.

The shaping of swollen, abnormally hydrated donor corneal tissue on the cryolathe for use in keratorefractive surgery yields lenticules of insufficiently predictable dioptric powers. The irregular nature of this abnormal hydration precludes the use of mathematical compensating factors. To improve control over the shape of the lenticule, we have developed a cornea press which restores normal hydration and dimensions to the donor tissue by mechanical dehydration.

Cornea↗