[Tests of blood exposed to x-irradiation. I. Coombs test].
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Coombs Test↗
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Acquired factor VIII:C inhibitor (IgG) and positive direct Coombs' test (IgM) in a patient with lung carcinoma. Clinical course and immunochemical studies.
UNLABELLED: A 73-year-old man with lung squamous-cell carcinoma simultaneously developed a factor VIII:C inhibitor and a transient positive direct Coombs' test. The factor VIII:C inhibitor was characterized as a mixture of IgG1, IgG2, IgG4 with kappa and lambda light chains. The Coombs' test was IgM-specific. TREATMENT: blood transfusions (packed red cells), cyclophosphamide and prednisone. Bleeding subsided without factor VIII-replacement therapy. Before death, in spite of the tumour-mass progression, factor VIII:C was normal.
Aged↗
[Adaptation of monoclonal test sera for antigen determination in the positive direct Coombs test].
Monoclonal reagents of IgM type now allow to test some red blood cell antigens (K; Jk a; Jk b) by the tube centrifugation method at room temperature for which an indirect antiglobulin test was necessary before. This enables to test antigens also when the direct antiglobulin test is positive, provided that there are no disturbances by supplements contained in the sera. We examined monoclonal blood group sera of different manufacturers for their ability to test antibody-coated erythrocytes; sometimes we found great differences between the different products. Therefore we recommend to add this test to the other criteria of quality control, especially when it is necessary to test antigens in patients with positive direct antiglobulin test.
ABO Blood-Group System↗
[Investigations on specificity of Coombs' test].
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Coombs Test↗
Fixation of thermolabile serum globulin (complement) to sensitized red blood cells; demonstrated by Coombs' test.
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Coombs Test↗
Positive direct antiglobulin (Coombs') test caused by cephalexin administration in humans.
Of 71 patients showing a negative direct antiglobulin (Coombs') test (DAT) before administration of cephalexin (CEX) three developed a positive DAT after therapy with this drug (4 percent). No case of immunohemolytic anemia was observed. The sera of the patients with a positive DAT reacted with cephalothin-coated red cells producing high titers, with penicillin cells normal titers and with CEX cells low titers. Since the red cell eluates of these patients did not give significant reactions with red cells sensitized with CEX, cephalothin and penicillin, a nonimmunological mechanism for the development of the positive DAT in these patients has to be assumed.
Adolescent↗
Positive Coombs' test associated with ulcerative colitis. A prevalence study.
Among 112 patients with ulcerative colitis (UC), a positive Coombs' test was detected in two cases. The immunoglobulins were IgG and no complement could be detected on the red cells. None of the two patients showed laboratory evidence of hemolysis, although reduced red cell survival was suspected in one patient with a 6-year history of UC, previous autoimmune hemolytic anemia and a positive in vitro monocyte-macrophage phagocytosis test. The HLA-antigens in the two patients were different except for the common antigen HLA-A1.
Adolescent↗
Does prophylactic phototherapy prevent hyperbilirubinemia in neonates with ABO incompatibility and positive Coombs' test?
OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was to determine whether initiation of early phototherapy in positive direct Coombs' test (DCT) with ABO-incompatible newborns would prevent severe jaundice. STUDY DESIGN: A prospective controlled study was performed at Al Qassimi Hospital. Infants born at term and weighing >2000 g with ABO incompatibility and a positive DCT were included in the study. Within their first 4 hours of life and after parental consent, infants were enrolled into one of two groups: prophylactic phototherapy group, which received phototherapy during the first 24 hours of life (group I), or no prophylactic phototherapy, which represents the control group (group II). Selection of infants to either group was by 2-week alternative strategy. Blood group, complete blood count (CBC), reticulocyte count, blood smears, total serum bilirubin (TSB) and DCT were performed on cord blood of all neonates born to mothers with O-positive blood group. CBC, reticulocytes and TSB level were obtained in all enrolled infants at 12, 24, 48, 72, and 96 hours of life. RESULTS: During the study period, 242 newborns with positive DCT were enrolled. A total of 102 infants were allocated to the prophylactic phototherapy arm and 140 as controls. Prophylactic phototherapy was associated with a significant decrease in the TSB at 24 hours (p=0.002) and at 48 hours (p=0.003) but not later on. The total number of patients who had hyperbilirubinemia at any time during the first 96 hours was significantly less in the prophylactic group (17 vs 45--p=0.006). Prolonged hospital stay because of phototherapy was more frequent in the control group (p=0.03). CONCLUSION: Prophylactic phototherapy was associated with a significant reduction of TSB in the first 48 hours of life but not later on. Clinical benefits of this strategy could not be proven.
ABO Blood-Group System↗
COOMBS TEST CONVERSION IN YOUNG NZB MICE INDUCED BY TRANSFER OF LYMPHOID CELLS FROM COOMBS POSITIVE DONORS.
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Animals↗
[Clinical analysis of 164 cases Coombs test positive autoimmune hemolytic anemia].
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the clinical features and treatment outcomes of autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA). METHODS: Coombs test positive AIHA patients were retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS: Patients with AIHA were predominantly female, secondary AIHA accounted for 49% of the total cases, mainly associated with connective tissue diseases. In most cases of AIHA, the anti-red cell antibodies were IgG plus C3, while patients with IgG plus IgM had more severe clinical manifestations. The response rate of adrenocortical hormones and cyclosporin A (CsA) was 90.9%. CONCLUSION: Adrenocorticosteroids is still the first choice of therapy for AIHA, CsA can improve the response rate.
Adolescent↗
The relevance of the anti-human globulin (Coombs) test and the complement-fixation test in the diagnosis of brucellosis.
The relationship between the serological findings for brucellosis and the epidemiological factors has been studied in veterinary surgeons in Northern Ireland. The anti-human globulin (Coombs) test and the complement-fixation test for brucella were used in two groups of veterinary surgeons, those self-employed and those employed by the Ministry of Agriculture.Significant serological differences were found to exist between the two groups. Those in private practice showed changes related to age, cattle skin rash, reactions to S. 19 vaccine accidents and symptoms suggestive of brucellosis in the past or the last year. But those working for the Ministry only showed titre changes related to the length of their private practice experience before joining the Ministry. In neither group was there a relationship between serological findings and the type of milk drunk or any particular group of symptoms suggestive of brucellosis.The findings indicate that high titres to brucella by the Coombs and complement-fixation test can occur in people repeatedly exposed to infection at work. Titres which would be of diagnostic importance in the rest of the population may be of little diagnostic significance even when they are as high as 160 Coombs and 128 complement fixation.
Adult↗
[Comparative evaluation of the direct Coombs' test and the erythrocytic gelatin test in the diagnosis of hemolytic disease of the newborn].
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Adult↗
[Neonatal jaundice due to anti-D allo-immunization with negative direct Coombs' test].
The case is reported of a newborn with jaundice due to anti-D Rh iso-immunization, with a negative Coombs' test. The finding of a positive red cell auto-agglutination test, the red cells being treated with bromelin and incubated in their own serum, suggests an immune phenomenon. Free antibody with anti-D specificity reacting with bromelin treated R.B.C.'s was found in the sera of the mother and infant.
Coombs Test↗
Hairy-cell leukaemia associated with auto-immune disorders in the form of a 'lupus-type' anticoagulant and a positive direct Coombs' test.
An account is given of a case of hairy-cell leukaemia associated with a 'lupus-type' anticoagulant and a positive direct Coombs' test, both of which were clinically symptom free. This is yet another example of the coexistence of hairy-cell leukaemia and an auto-immune disorder, but the disorder in question has not been described previously.
Autoantibodies↗
Syphilitic paroxysmal cold haemoglobinuria. Case report and study of the Coombs test.
A case of congenital syphilis which presented with paroxysmal cold haemoglobinuria is described. The patient had aortic incompetence, and the significance of this finding is discussed. The Coombs test was studied, and positive results appear to be due to interaction between antiglobulin serum and complement adsorbed on to the test cells, this adsorption being promoted by the cold antibodies.
Coombs Test↗
Use of a microtiter Coombs' test for study of age, gender, and breed distributions in immunohemolytic anemia of the dog.
Sixteen of 17 dogs with immunohemolytic anemia had a microtiter Coombs' test titer greater than or equal to 1:64. Performance of the test as a hemagglutination assay apparently increased the sensitivity of the test. Three of the dogs with immunohemolytic anemia were sexually intact females, 11 were spayed females, and 3 were sexually intact males. When age and gender were considered together, females were 4.3 times more likely to have immunohemolytic anemia than were males (P less than 0.05). When corrected for population age distribution, spayed females were not predisposed to the problem.
Age Factors↗