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PubMed2004

Quantitative analysis on economic contribution of community health service in China.

In China, the implementation of community health service shows that the prevention is an essential and important part of our national health system and is helpful to decrease the medical expenditure gradually. According to the data from Health Statistic Information Center of Ministry of Health in China, we calculated that the total health expenditure of China would be decreased 8000.0 million yuan only in 2001, among which, 1188.3 million, 1953.9 million and 4833.0 million yuan were respectively saved for the government budget, the society and resident if implementing the policy of community health service powerfully. And every outpatient can save 15.46 yuan per time. By the quantitative analysis on the economic contribution of community health service, it can be proved that a great economic benefit could be gotten from the implementation of community health service.

China↗
PubMed2002

A decade of change in a community health service: a shift to acute and short-term care.

There have been major policy changes impacting on community health services such as early discharge and hospital in the home initiatives. The effects of such policies on the client profile of community health services are not well known. Administrative data was used to explore a decade of changes in South Western Sydney Area Health Service community health services. There is a clear shift from a service primarily focused on child health screening to one that is increasingly providing acute and shorter-term care to adults with physical health problems. The changes are reflective of policies that are moving acute treatment services into the community.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1992

Innovation in primary care: community health services in Mexico and the United States.

Providing adequate health care to a nation's citizens is a challenge in every country. Despite large differences in wealth, health care organization, and health politics, both Mexico and the United States undertook similar efforts to expand primary care to previously underserved populations during the past 30 years. This study analyzes common antecedents, contexts of change, elements of the innovations, problems with entrenched interests, and resources that have allowed both programs to survive in difficult environments. We show that new forms of primary health care can face similar problems and prospects in very different countries because of similar political, bureaucratic, and economic limitations.

Community Health Services↗
PubMed1992

Community health services.

The Tomlinson report, with its emphasis on primary and community care, offers great scope to community health services, for long the poor relation of the NHS, and particularly poorly resourced in London. The aim is to create services that break down the barriers between primary, secondary, and tertiary health care and concentrate on providing high quality care tailored to individual patients' needs. Thus a range of flexible options needs to be developed between acute hospital based care and the standard home care arrangements currently provided by district nurses. Examples, include hospital at home schemes, nursing beds, and rehabilitation beds. Together community and primary care services need to consider weekend coverage, to conduct research, and to become a setting for education. The infrastructure for primary and community care must, however, be put in place before acute facilities are shut.

Community Health Services↗
PubMed2000

[The past, current status and future of general practice and community health service in China].

Some basic concepts of general practice and community health service are introduced briefly in this paper, as well as their past, current status and future. Issues existed in general practice and community health service at present are also discussed. In fact, general practice and community health service have existed in China for a long time since 1920s. The urgency and possibility for development of general practice and community health service in China are analyzed. Suggestions for three issues relevant to their development are put forward.

China↗
PubMed1990

Systems of standards for community health services in Australia.

This paper describes how the Australian Community Health Association (ACHA) has facilitated the development of quality assurance systems for community health services in Australia. The systems are based on the standards and review process produced by the Community Health Accreditation and Standards Project, known by its acronym "CHASP'. The paper outlines principles and organisation of community health services in Australia and some background to their development. It then considers what kind of standards and quality assurance methods are appropriate for community health services. The CHASP model of standards and its associated review process is explained. The paper discusses how the ACHA has worked with various states in Australia to establish systems of standards based on the CHASP work. It concludes by looking at some constraints and opportunities in developing CHASP, and some future directions.

Australia↗
PubMed1975

The use of an information system for community health services planning and management.

The challenge of delivering health care on a more cost-effective and equitable basis has led to the formation of new kinds of organizations, which in turn require new kinds of management information systems. The system described in this article is used for planning resource allocation and monitoring the overall performance of Livingston Community Health Services, Inc., a rural community-owned health service designed to provide comprehensive care to a geographically defined target population. The Health Services Data System processes information on performance and productivity, effectiveness with respect to the target population, and billing and financial activities. Input consists of the results of a community census and two household surveys, patient registrations and patient services operating data, and financial data. Besides billing patients automatically, the system integrates financial, demographic, and health services utilization data to generate monthly summaries for the administrators, medical director, and community board. The article discusses several examples of these summaries, stratifying utilization by geographic location of residence, age, income, and race.

Accounting↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Recent developments in information management for primary and community health services.

While health services provided outside the hospital environment are utilised by the majority of the community, until recently there has been little interest in developing a standard approach to information management in community health settings. With greater accountability for health services expected in the future, State and Federal governments have begun to set the necessary standards by the design of a common data model and data definitions for Primary and Community Health Services. This model will affect the manner in which the National Health Data Dictionary develops--from a primarily institution-based document to a broader approach which encompasses non-institutional care. Two new high level concepts have been introduced: "issue" and "activity". Four States have also formed a consortium to design and implement an information management system for Community Health Services. This necessitates adoption of standard classification systems which could be applied in this environment, especially to the two new high level concepts. This paper outlines recent developments in information management for Community Health and provides a brief summary of available classification systems.

Ambulatory Care Information Systems↗