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At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Colonic adenomas--a colonoscopy survey.

A colonoscopy survey of 620 patients with 1049 colon adenomas showed a predominantly left-sided distribution (77%). Of these lesions 97% were amenable to endoscopic removal or ablation. Sixty per cent of patients presented with rectal bleeding as their major symptom. There was agreement between radiology and colonoscopy in only 62% of patients, as many of the studies were single contrast barium enemas, performed before referral. Forty-eight per cent of adenomas in our series were less than 1.0 cm in diameter. Of the larger adenomas (greater than 2.0 cm in diameter) 66% were situated in the sigmoid colon, and of those containing invasive carcinoma (4.8% of the total) an even higher percentage (94%) were in the sigmoid and low descending colon. With increasing polyp size, there was a greater predominance of villous elements and this was associated with a higher risk of malignant change than the more frequent and generally smaller tubular adenoma. Local colonoscopic excision alone is sufficient treatment for adenomas with malignant change unless they are poorly differentiated histologically and providing adequate resection is demonstrated. Twenty-eight patients treated in this way are alive without recurrence at periods from six to 62 months. Although 65% of patients had only one adenoma, and 90% three or less, there is a risk of developing other benign and malignant colon neoplasms and careful follow-up is required.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1978

Progress in radiology: colorectal tumors: pathology and detection.

The prognosis in colorectal neoplasia has not improved in the past 20 years despite improved diagnostic techniques. The greatest promise lies in wider screening and earlier radiographic and endoscopic detection. To clarify the radiologist's role in finding large bowel tumors, the clinical, pathologic, and radiologic literature is reviewed. Since individuals over 40 years of age harbor the bulk of colon neoplasms, the most diligent efforts to detect these lesions should be made in this group. Controlled studies comparing single and double contrast barium enema techniques are lacking, but available data suggest that the double contrast examination is more sensitive for detection of the numerous small, but potentially malignant colon tumors. Careful radiographic technique, including a thoroughly clean colon, is critical for accurate detection regardless of which technique is used.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1978

Pathological features of the colonic tumours induced in rats by the administration of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine.

The parenteral administration of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine to rats caused the development of colonic neoplasms in about 90% of animals by 24--30 weeks of treatment. Usually there were multiple tumours with a mean of 2.7 per rat. The lesions have been classified histologically into adenomata (26% of all tumours) and carcinomata, the latter showing varying degrees of differentiation. No completely anaplastic tumours were seen, and there were none originating in connective tissue. The distributions of the different tumour types along the length of the colon varied. The more benign lesions were situated predominantly in the distal half of the colon, while the poorly differentiated adenocarcinomata were concentrated in the proximal third of the colon. There was good evidence to suggest that adenomata often progressed to frank malignancy in the distal colon. In the proximal part, however, it appeared that tumours frequently developed de novo as poorly differentiated carcinomata. Perhaps regional variations in the kinetic organisation of the normal colonic mucosa somehow influence the nature of the neoplastic change induced by DMH, thus accounting for the differences in tumor distribution. After 24 weeks of DMH treatment there was only a small increase in the mean number of tumours per rat.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1979

Colonic intussusception in uremia.

Colonic intussusception is a condition primarily found in infants and young children. In adults, it is usually associated with a colonic neoplasm. The following report illustrates a case of colonic intussusception in an adult uremic patient in whom postmortem examination showed evidence only of intramural colonic hemorrhage.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

[Bone metastases of colonic and rectal neoplasms. Apropos of 11 cases].

The authors report 11 personal cases and discuss the characteristics of bony metastases in carcinoma of the colon and rectum. The frequency of these metastases is fairly low (1.3% of all cases of bony metastases) as tumours of the large intestine do not tend to migrate to the bones. Sometimes bony metastases are the presenting symptom but, usually the metastases occur within 5 years of the diagnosis of the primary tumour. The clinical picture shows no special characteristics. Radiologically, these bony metastases may be either single or multiple. Their distribution recalls that of other metastases in the bones with a few differences, however. The special frequence of pelvic involvement, distal localisations (hands or feet) are not exceptional. Metastases usually give rise to osteolysis. The mixed appearances are, however, not rare, and usually give a pseudo-sarcomatous appearance, with invasion of the soft parts and very marked periosteal reaction. Sometimes, bony condensation may be noted. The treatment of rectal and colonic cancer with bony metastases, is disappointing as the disease is always fatal within a relatively short period, usually less than one year after the diagnosis of the bone involvement. The histological appearances of the bony lesions depend on differenciation of the tumour and the characteristics of the neighbouring bony abnormalities which, in our experience, usually include both osteolysis and osteogenesis.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1976

[Nitrosamin induced neoplasms of the colon and rectum. Investigations on the morphogenesis in rats (author's transl)].

The morphogenesis of neoplasms (carcinomas and pracecancerous polypoid lesions) induced by N-methyl-N-nitroso-N'-nitroguanidine (MNNG) was studied on 154 male Wistar rats (including controls), from which a group received a colostomy. Operated and non-operated rats were treated by intrarectal instillations of 2 mg per kg body weight MNNG twice a week during a period of 210 days.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

[Malignant neoplasms of the colon and rectum in the G.D.R. (author's transl)].

Data of the national cancer registry and the official death statistics are used to analyze the incidence and mortality of malignant neoplasms of the small intestine (ICD 152), the colon (ICD 153) and the rectum (ICD 154) in the German Democratic Republic. An apparent increase of age-adjusted incidence from 1956 to 1975 and of mortality from 1960 to 1970 can be explained by more complete reporting. A further increase of incidence from 1970 on is possible but not proved. There is no conclusive evidence that results of treatment have changed. An international comparison of incidence and mortality is difficult, since sources of information are not as reliable as generally assumed.

Colonic Neoplasms↗
PubMed1977

Phytohemagglutinin skin tests in cancer patients.

Phytohemagglutinin (PHA) stimulates blastic transformation of normal lymphocytes in vitro and when injected intradermally produces a skin response histologically similar to a delayed hypersensitivity reaction. We investigated the skin test responses to PHA, mumps, candida, and varidase (SK-SD) and the PHA-induced lymphocyte transformation in patients with malignant neoplasms. Increased incidence of anergy to recall antigens and unresponsiveness to PHA skin testing was observed in patients with lymphoreticular malignancies but not in those with solid tumors. There was a direct correlation between skin test reactivity to at least one recall antigen and/or PHA and survival in lymphoma patients. This was true of both short and long terms survival in Hodgkin's disease and of survival at least through 42 months in non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. In vitro stimulation of lymphocytes with PHA did not correlate with PHA skin test reactivity. We conclude that PHA skin testing is a useful adjunct in the evaluation of patients with lymphoreticular malignancies.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Significance of the vertebral venous (Batson's) plexus in metastatic spread in colorectal carcinoma.

Recently studies of bone metastases in colorectal carcinoma by radionuclide scanning are reviewed. A frequency of 33--61% has been reported using the more recently available bone scanning tests. The commonly accepted frequency of bone metastases from colorectal carcinoma by x-ray or anatomic studies is 5%. This much higher frequency currently being reported must still be established by additional studies. However, if the much high frequency currently being reported is firm, they suggest a much greater importance of the Vertebral Venous Plexus in tumor spread than heretofore suspected for colorectal carcinoma.

Bone Neoplasms↗
PubMed1978

Multimodal immunotherapy of primary gastrointestinal tumors in rats. 1. Histologic correlation.

The effect of multimodal immunotherapy was studied in rats bearing primary gastrointestinal tumors induced by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine dihydrochloride. Multimodal immune manipulation consisted of combinations of splenectomy, C. parvum, unblocking serum, unblocked lymphoid cells, and levamisole. Such immunologic intervention resulted in significant inhibition of tumor growth, and their metastasis. Ten of 10 untreated rats, 8 of 8 rats treated with splenectomy alone and 10 of 10 rats treated with normal rabbit serum died of progressive tumor growth. None of the rats treated with combinations of splenectomy, unblocking serum, unblocked lymphoid cells, C. parvum and levamisole succumbed to progressive tumor growth during the observation period. The histologic evidence of tumor destruction was obtained in 18 of 22 tumors in rats of groups receiving multimodal immunotherapy.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Lymphocyte blastogenic responses to allogeneic leukocytes and autochthonous tumor cells in colorectal carcinoma.

The blastogenic reactivity of peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) and mesenteric lymph node lymphocytes (LNL) against normal allogeneic leukocytes and autochthonous colorectal carcinoma cells is evaluated in 36 patients, and correlated with the patient's Dukes classification. Mesenteric LNL react significantly better than PBL to allogeneic leukocytes in both Dukes B and C (p less than 0.05). There are too few patients in Dukes A and D to permit statistical evaluation but the trend is the same. By contrast, LNL fail to react to autochthonous tumor cells in all classes, except in a few Dukes B patients. The proportion of PBL reactivity to autochthonous tumor cells seems to increase for Dukes C and D. It is possible that specific lymphocyte reactivity in colorectal carcinoma may be related to the antigenicity and immunogenicity of the tumor.

Antigens, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1977

Value of lymphocyte reactivity induced by phytohemagglutinin in the treatment of malignant diseases.

An improved micromethod for evaluating in vitro lymphocyte blastogenetic activity, a modification of the method of Park and Good, is devised and used in 111 stomach cancer, 34 colorectal cancer, and 22 breast cancer cases. Follow-up information on the lymphocyte blastogenetic activity levels was available in 28 stomach cancer patients after the clinically complete removal of the tumor. In 16 patients with early stomach cancer the lymphocyte blastogenetic level did not differ greatly from a control values from healthy volunteers. However, in 66 advanced stomach cancer cases, statistically lower levels were encountered. After the complete removal of the tumor in 28 stomach cancer patients, the lymphocyte blastogenetic values rose postoperatively. The lymphocyte blastogenetic levels in patients with curative colorectal cancer or curative breast cancer were significantly higher than those patients with non-curative tumors.

Adult↗