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At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

[Atrophic collodion-like skin in long-term treatments with hydroxyurea].

INTRODUCTION: Despite good general and hematological tolerance, hydroxyurea frequently causes polymorphous skin lesions when given as long-term therapy. Distal skin atrophy, pseudodermatomyositis, pseudolichen and ulcerations have been observed. CASE REPORT: We report three cases of diffuse atrophic collodion skin in patients given long-term hydroxyurea. Histology findings demonstrated atrophy and the same signs located at the dermo-epidermal junction as seen in acute toxidermia due to hydroxyurea. Examination of the ultrastructure showed abnormalities in the proliferative epidermal layer which was disrupted by edema and a multiple, irregular basal membrane. DISCUSSION: The chronology of the lesions and partial resolution after treatment withdrawal together with clinical and histological signs demonstrating hydroxyurea impregnation would implicate hydroxyurea as the cause of this case of diffuse atrophic collodion skin. Cells in the epidermal layer of the skin, the most external layer in the organism, have a high turnover rate and would be more vulnerable to the cytostatic action of hydroxyurea than other tissues. The effect of hydroxyurea on keratinocytes implicated in the production and maintenance of the basal membrane would be one of the causes.

Aged↗
PubMed1975

Epnzymatric recycling of coenzymes by a multi-enzyme system immobilized within semipermeable collodion microcapsules.

Hexokinase (ATP:D-glucose 6-phosphotransferase EC 2.7.1.2) and pyruvate kinase (ATP:pyruvate 2-0-phosphotransferase EC 2.7.1.40) were co-immobilized within semipermeable collodion microcapsules. The resulting microcapsules displayed excellent hexokinase and pyruvate kinase activities, with the measured pyruvate kinase activity considerably greater than that measured for hexokinase. The co-immobilized enzymes, when used sequentially were capable of recycling both ATP and ADP when exposed to the appropriate conditions. Furthermore, when exposed to limiting amounts of coenzyme, the cycles were capable of reusing the total amount of coenzyme supplied at least three times in 90 min. The use of microencapsulation to produce partially "self sufficient" enzyme systems is discussed.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed2006

A comparison of subdermal wire electrodes with collodion-applied disk electrodes in long-term EEG recordings in ICU.

OBJECTIVE: To compare long-term electroencephalographic (EEG) recordings of standard collodion-applied scalp disk electrodes (SDEs) with newly developed subdermal wire electrodes (SWEs) in comatose intensive care unit (ICU) patients. METHODS: Ten comatose ICU patients had simultaneous recordings from 8 active SDEs and 8 active SWE for >24 h. The timing and number of 60 Hz and other electrode artifacts were compared for each set of electrodes by an EEGer who read the recordings in a blinded manner. RESULTS: Sixty Hertz artifact was seen in 16 of 80 SDE and one of 80 SWEs within the first 6 h (P=0.0002). Large, persistent artifacts occurred in 30/80 SDE and 8 of 80 SWE (P=0.0001). Motion artifact with chest physiotherapy was more common in SWEs. CONCLUSIONS: SWE are less susceptible to artifacts and are more suitable for the long-term EEG monitoring in ICU. SIGNIFICANCE: This is the first controlled study that demonstrates the superiority of SWEs compared to SDEs in an ICU population.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1953

Characteristics of collodion membranes for ultrafiltration.

An apparatus for the production of graded collodion membranes is described. The theoretical considerations of calibration are discussed in relation to the demonstrable structure and statistical characteristics of the membranes. A new definition of an "end-point" is suggested.

Collodion↗
PubMed1958

Experimental study of osmosis through a collodion membrane.

Experiments were carried out on a collodion membrane in order to study the factors that determine direction and magnitude of net flow of water across a membrane permeable to the solvent and to some of the solutes present. The solutes used were all non-ionic. When only one solute was present and there was no difference of hydrostatic pressure across the membrane, water flowed toward the side where its vapor pressure was lower, but the rate of transfer depended upon the nature of the solute: for a given difference in osmolality across the membrane, the rate increased with the molecular volume of the solute and reached its maximum with the solute to which the membrane was impermeable. These results led to the experimental demonstration that in the presence of two or more solutes of different molecular volumes, of which one at least can diffuse through the barrier, the net transfer of water can take place against its vapor pressure gradient. Some of the physicochemical and physiological implications of the data are discussed.

Collodion↗
PubMed1960

Experimental study of the independence of diffusion and hydrodynamic permeability coefficients in collodion membranes.

The two parameters usually invoked when discussing transport across membranes are the "diffusion permeability coefficient" and the "hydrodynamic permeability coefficient." In this study the magnitude of these two coefficients is established experimentally for collodion membranes of differing porosities. The hydrodynamic permeability is predominant while convergence of the two permeabilities tends to obtain as the membranes become less coarse. The flux data obtained are used to calculate "average pore diameter" and the meaningfulness of these calculations is interpreted. The relationship between the two coefficients and transport across membranes as treated by the system of irreversible thermodynamics is discussed.

Biological Transport↗
PubMed1987

Mass loss rate in collodion is greatly reduced at liquid helium temperature.

The mass thickness of collodion films has been monitored at several temperatures, under conditions typical of electron microscopy, through the use of an electron energy loss spectrometer. Compared to room temperature, only a five-fold reduction in the rate of mass loss was observed through the use of a commercial liquid nitrogen cooled stage; in contrast, the rate of mass loss was reduced more than one hundred fold when these films were held at liquid helium temperature.

Collodion↗
PubMed1978

[Correlation of structural and ultrastructural modifications of the renal cortex with water, sodium and protein excretion in rats rendered hypertensive by perinephritic constriction by collodion].

Water, sodium and proteins renal excretion in with collodion Page's method hypertensive rats is compared with that of same Wistar strained control rats. Blood pressure of treated animals (n = 16) is 193.1 Hg mm (138 in control rats). Urinary flow increases from 19.5 to 33.7 ml/24 h (+ 72.8%), sodium excretion from 29.6 to 37.5 mg/24 h (+ 26.7%) and total proteins excretion from 23.5 to 63 mg/24 h (+ 169%. This data are correlated with the renal cortex morphological changes with photon and electron microscope. Severe damages are seen in Bowman's capsule and in glomerular copruscules, especially at the epithelial layer level. Important proteic pools occur within tubular lumen. Proximal tubular epithelium seems normal. On the other hand, distal tubular epithelium seriously scales. So, important water, sodium and proteins excretion increase in our experimental hypertension model can be explained. It is also discussed about functional and structural modifications analogy in our model's rats and in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHB).

Blood Pressure↗
PubMed2000

Collodion baby: a case report.

A case report of a collodion baby born in a community hospital who was diagnosed, stabilized, and transferred for dermatologic management is presented. Differential diagnosis based on cornification disorder phenotypes is outlined. The initial stabilization, management, and nursing considerations of the infant with impaired barrier function of the skin are outlined.

Follow-Up Studies↗
PubMed1993

Collodion baby dehydration: the danger of high transepidermal water loss.

We describe transepidermal water loss (TEWL) measurements in a collodion baby suffering from severe hypernatraemic dehydration and hypothermia, who required intravenous fluid therapy in a special incubator. The TEWL values 4 days after birth were abnormally high compared with normal infants of the same age. The TEWL measurements returned towards normal within the first month, in parallel with the improvement of both the skin signs and the electrolyte and fluid balance.

Dehydration↗
PubMed1986

High plasma urea concentrations in collodion babies.

We describe two infants born with a collodion membrane; both were treated with a product containing 10% urea and 5% lactic acid and as a consequence were found to have a raised plasma urea concentration.

Betaine↗
PubMed2000

Type 2 Gaucher disease: the collodion baby phenotype revisited.

The association of Gaucher disease, the inherited deficiency of lysosomal glucocerebrosidase (EC 3.2.1.45), and congenital ichthyosis was first noted a decade ago. Subsequently, a null allele type 2 Gaucher mouse was generated that also exhibited ichthyotic skin, confirming that the skin disorder and enzyme deficiency were directly related. This paper details the clinical and molecular characterisation of 6 cases of type 2 Gaucher disease presenting with the collodion baby phenotype. The identified mutant glucocerebrosidase alleles include two novel mutations (S196P and R131L) and two rare point mutations (R120W and R257Q), as well as alleles resulting from recombination with the nearby glucocerebrosidase pseudogene. There is significant genotypic heterogeneity in this rare subset of patients with type 2 Gaucher disease. Gaucher disease should be considered in the differential diagnosis of congenital ichthyosis in the newborn period.

Blotting, Southern↗
PubMed1999

Koraxitrachitic syndrome: a syndromic form of self-healing collodion baby with residual dappled atrophy of the derma.

We report on a child with a generalized skin disorder associated with other minor anomalies. At birth, the child presented as a collodion baby, with patchy erythema, generalized irregular dermal atrophy, alopecia, absent eyelashes and eyebrows, and conjunctival pannus. He also had hypertelorism, prominent nasal root, large mouth, micrognathia, brachydactyly, syndactyly involving all interdigital spaces, and camptodactyly of fingers III-V. The hyperkeratotic membrane thinned progressively, leaving a mottled reticulated skin atrophy, with patchy areas of yellowish hyperpigmentation and papyraceous areas. Hair and nails were dystrophic. Mental development was borderline normal. The histological hallmarks of the skin manifestations combined orthokeratotic hyperkeratosis and marked atrophy of the dermis. The dermal extracellular matrix was immature, and factor XIII-a positive dendrocytes were rare and globular rather than dendritic. We frame as a hypothesis that the disease is due to or associated with a defect in maturation of a subset of dermal dendrocytes during fetal life. This entity may be designed as the koraxitrachitic syndrome (kappaomicronrhoalphaxi:grapnel- taurhoalphachiiotatauepsilonsigma: roughness)

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Hypernatremia in two collodion babies.

Two cases of collodion babies with hypernatremia are presented, and the importance of this electrolyte abnormality in skin disorders is also stressed.

Female↗
PubMed1980

Albumin-collodion activated charcoal hemoperfusion in the treatment of severe theophylline intoxication in a 3-year-old patient.

During treatment for asthma, a 3-year-old, 15-kg child was given 750 mg of theophylline in error. Within three hours she was treated with albumin-collodion activated charcoal (ACAC) hemoperfusion. Immediately before treatment her serum theophylline level was 74 microgram/ml. At the end of three hours of hemoperfusion, her theophylline level had fallen to 14.4 microgram/ml and four hours later it was 8.8 microgram/ml. The ACAC hemoperfusion system completely removed all the theophylline passing through it without saturation, and the total amount of drug removed was 500.8 mg (more than two thirds of the dose administered). The technique described is an efficient and rapidly effective method for the treatment of potentially lethal theophylline intoxication. For maximum effectiveness, it must be instituted as soon after intoxication as possible.

Charcoal↗