Hangman's fracture in ankylosing spondylitis preceded by vertical subluxation of the axis.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Aged↗
SEARCH · Search PubMed
Results for “Cervical Atlas”
Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.
Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.
Superior, posterior, and lateral displacement of C1 in rheumatoid arthritis.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
Craniospinal and cervicospinal malformations associated with maxillonasal dysostosis (Binder syndrome).
Craniospinal and cervicospinal malformations were found in 15 (53.5%) of 28 cases of maxillonasal dysostosis (Binder syndrome) in which a complete radiographic analysis could be done. These anomalies have not been reported previously. Analysis of the anomalies suggested a common induction factor, or, at least, a simultaneity in the development of the maxillonasal and vertebral dysplasias that characterize Binder syndrome. The following procedures are recommended: (1) examination of the cranial and cervical spine in all subjects with symptoms of Binder syndrome, and (2) regular examination of patients with spinal malformations, so that any neurologic damage may be detected early.
Abnormalities, Multiple↗
Functional-adaptive anatomy of the axial skeleton of some extant marsupials and the paleobiology of the paleocene marsupials Mayulestes ferox and Pucadelphys andinus.
In this study, the axial skeletons of two Early Paleocene marsupials, Mayulestes ferox and Pucadelphys andinus, were analyzed functionally and compared to that of six South American and three Australian species of extant marsupials. In the case of the South American opossums, myological data of the epaxial musculature were collected and analyzed and osteological-myological associations were related to locomotor behavior. Various features of the vertebral column that relate to diet or to locomotor or postural patterns were pointed out. These features include: the craniocaudal development of the neural process of the axis; the position of the anticlinal vertebra; the morphology of the neural processes of the thoracolumbar vertebrae (orientation, length, and craniocaudal width); the length, orientation, and curvature of the transverse processes of the lumbar vertebrae; and the length and robustness of the caudal vertebrae. In both fossil forms the vertebral column is mobile and allows a great range of flexion and extension of the spine, more so than in most of the living didelphids. It is emphasized here that the analysis of the axial skeleton complements and improves the conclusions provided by the forelimb and hindlimb analyses. It is proposed that Mayulestes and Pucadelphys represent an ancestral morphotype suggesting that the generalized type of locomotion of Paleocene marsupials was partly terrestrial with some climbing ability.
Adaptation, Physiological↗
Pathology of the cervical spine in rheumatoid arthritis: a controlled study of 44 spines.
Cervical spines (with occiputs) of 44 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) were compared with 44 control spines from patients without RA, matched for sex and age. There were six severe and seven slight atlanto-axial dislocations (both horizontal and vertical, two of which had been treated surgically) in the RA group and none in the control group. Ankylosis, synchondrosis, syndesmosis, bone erosions, and redness of synovial tissue in the atlanto-axial, atlanto-occipital and cervical intervertebral joints were more frequent in the RA group than in the control spines. The lesions permitting the best discrimination between the RA and control groups were used to calculate an overall score for the whole cervical spine. Sixteen of the 44 RA patients scored higher than the highest control value; only nine scored lower than the median control score. A higher score than the average value found for the RA spines was obtained by the male patients, the patients with seropositivity or subcutaneous nodules, the patients treated with corticosteroids, the patients who died in the Department of Rheumatology, and those whose death was related to the RA itself or to the treatment given.
Adult↗
[Severe trauma of neck and skull base ].
The concept of internal decapitation comprises lesions within the skull base, upper spinal column with partial or complete destruction of the cervical part of the medulla. By means of casualties due to internal decapitation we demonstrate that, besides the known causes, a rotational damage at the juncture of the upper spinal column to the skull base as well as fractures by axial stretching may cause such traumas. A decrease of such accident's consequences is hardly possible because of the amount of energy involved causing the damage. Due to a steady increase of traffic, particularly by motor-bicycle, we shall have to cope with more cases of this kind of damage.
Accidents, Traffic↗
Computer tomography for lesions of the craniovertebral region.
The images obtained by computed tomography constitute a new and interesting approach to lesions of the craniovertebral region. The criteria of basilar invagination must be systematically checked in routine examination. The main interest of CT scanning is the simultaneous view of the bony structures as well as the central nervous system in a completely innocuous way.
Axis, Cervical Vertebra↗
Case report 400: Unilateral fusion of odontoid to lateral mass of C1 with pseudoarthrosis on left.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Adult↗
The radiology of rheumatoid involvement of the cervical spine.
The radiological features of cervical spine involvement in rheumatoid arthritis are described. These include atlanto-axial subluxation, in both the horizontal and vertical planes, sub-axial dislocation, erosions, and vertebral end plate sclerosis. Detailed radiological investigation, using inclined plane radiography, auto-tomography, tomography, and myelography may all be required to demonstrate the abnormalities. Disorders of mobility can only be assessed with dynamic views and fluoroscopy and the mechanics of these derangements vary depending on the type of subluxation encountered. The cumulative effects of the lesions conform to certain characteristic patterns and include marked reduction of neck height, disorders of mobility, and changes in the capacity of the spinal canal. The discrepancy between these changes and the clinical and neurological findings is discussed.
Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
Posterior atlanto-axial fusion: a new compression clamp for laminar osteosynthesis.
A new method of dorsal arthrodesis in patients with atlanto-axial instability of different etiology is described. In three patients solid laminar osteosynthesis C1/C2 was achieved by insertion of an autogenous cortico-cancellous bone graft into the interlaminar space and by a bilateral application of the lately developed metal clamp. The technical principles of the clamp guarantee a permanent pressure on the graft and a solid initial stability in the segment. Additional external fixation and immobilization of the patient are not necessary. Complications as known from other procedures of the atlanto-axial dorsal fusion will be prevented efficiently.
Adolescent↗
[Traumatic lesions of the cervical spine with special reference to bone fractures].
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Adolescent↗
Indications for surgery in upper cervical spine injury.
20% of all spine injuries are cervical spine injuries. Surgical treatment of these injuries must take into account the great mobility of this part of the spinal column. Therefore, biomechanical aspects must be considered, especially in the upper cervical spine-C1 and C2. Describing our own therapeutical regimen in 35 patients with unstable upper cervical spine injuries we explain the biomechanical back-ground and review the literature. It becomes evident that ventral approaches are superior to dorsal techniques for decompression, reposition, and stabilization with minimal loss of mobility.
Adolescent↗
CT and MRI in hydatid disease of cervical vertebrae.
Hydatid disease (HD) of the cervical spine is rare. A case investigated by computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is presented. While CT shows the bone lesion better, MRI is superior in demonstrating compression of neural structures. The complementary use of CT and MRI in such cases is suggested.
Adult↗
Craniocervical junction malformation treated by transoral approach. A survey of 25 cases with emphasis on postoperative instability and outcome.
An experience with 25 consecutive cases of craniocervical junction (CCJ) malformations operated upon via the transoral route is reported. Twenty-two patients also underwent posterior occipito-cervical stabilization with alloplastic material and in only one patient was transoral odontoidectomy and fusion with bone autograph performed. Indication for the transoral route consisted of an irreducible ventral compression of the cervicobulbar junction by the abnormal bone complex. Two patients died during the early postoperative period and the remaining 23 survivors were followed for an average of 3.5 years: 17 of these showed marked improvement and 5 a stabilization of the neurological disturbances. A further patient, who refused posterior stabilization, eventually died because of progressive cranial settling. Long-term results have shown this approach to be decisive in the surgical management of well-selected CCJ anomalies.
Adult↗
Craniocervical malformations.
This short survey summarises the important craniocervical dysplasias, the malformations accompanying primary neuroectodermal and secondary lesions of the neural structures and their coverings, and complex malformations. The interpretation, classification and the identification of the static and/or dynamic biomechanical pathogenesis is a prerequisite for the correct diagnosis and for assessing the indications for and the choice of any operation to be adopted.
Axis, Cervical Vertebra↗
Congenital malformations of the craniovertebral junction: classification and surgical treatment.
The clinical, radiological and surgical findings of 56 patients with congenital malformations of the craniovertebral junction who underwent surgical intervention in the Department of Neurosurgery, Hacettepe University Medical School were reviewed. The anomalies were classified according to their embryonic origin. Forty-two cases of the series were major abnormalities formed by the combination of more than one germ layer.
Adolescent↗
Non-operative management of acute upper cervical injuries.
The results of a closed, non-operative type of treatment in acute upper cervical injury have been reviewed, especially as they relate to the use of the halo cast or vest. The morbidity with the use of this device has been minimal and there has been no mortality. Early patient mobilization has been readily achieved and in the case of the Hangman's, Jefferson's, and odontoid fractures, stable solid bony healing has been achieved in nearly all cases. Similar results have been noted in the C-1 arch fracture, as well as the acute post-infectious subluxations of C-1/C-2. In a small number of cases involving traumatic C-1/C-2 and occipital/atlas subluxation, there has occurred a significant incidence of instability, despite adequate closed treatment. This has been likely to be due to the serious ligamentous disruption in these cases and it would appear that surgical fusion may be the preferential form of initial treatment in this group of injuries.
Casts, Surgical↗
[Fractures and dislocations of the cervical spine caused by hanging (author's transl)].
In comparison to the pattern of lesions of the soft tissue of the neck and the CVC in case of suicidal hanging 17 postmortal fracture-dislocations of the neck are investigated. It could be demonstrated that on principle in case of hanging the dens-fracture can occur. With respect to the hangman's fracture (Wood-Jones) a differentiation into 3 types is proposed.
Adult↗