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PubMed1961

Concept formation.

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Concept Formation↗
PubMed2002

Interference between verbal concept formation and spatial mental rotation in female subjects.

In this study the relation between spatial cognition and verbal intelligence abilities was examined in case of 52 women. Interference between mental rotation performance and verbal intelligence scores was found. Women with good verbal abilities have lower scores in mental rotation tasks than subjects with poorer verbal abilities. This finding is in accordance with some basic models of a dual-coding system. The spatial functions represented in mental rotation interfered with verbal-based concept formation and lexical knowledge in college women.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Slow negative potential shifts indicating verbal cognitive learning in a concept formation task.

It is well-known clinically that patients with left frontal lesions are impaired in their verbal-cognitive learning ability. Starting from such observations, it is of particular interest whether the event-related cerebral potential shifts recorded in healthy human subjects would indicate a left frontal lobe involvement in verbal-cognitive learning tasks. In a concept formation paradigm, subjects learned by trial and error to transform letters into Morse codes. This cognitive performance was accompanied by a slow negative potential shift (SP) that in frontal recordings was lateralized towards the left hemisphere. off results show in a later stage of learning, in which the experience of the preceding trial and error learning could be integrated, an increasing slow negativity over the frontal cortex. Ss also participated in a control task with already known letter/Morse code combinations. Again, a negative potential shift occurred within the stimulus-response interval, however, it was smaller in amplitude.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Concept formation, problem-solving and the right hemisphere.

The pioneering work of Sperry in the 1960s presented a challenge to the traditional view that the right hemisphere is functionally limited to the processing of nonlinguistic, visual-spatial information on a perceptual level. Yet, the recent position of Gazzaniga (1983) is in support of the traditional view. This investigation tested further the hypothesis of right hemisphere concept formation and problem-solving. Right hemispherically strong children were compared with normal controls in terms of linguistic and nonlinguistic information processing. The results were in support of the right hemisphere as capable of cognitive processes beyond the level of simple nonverbal perceptual tasks.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Concept formation vs. logistic regression: predicting death in trauma patients.

This paper discusses two classification models, one based on concept formation and the other using standard logistic regression. The models are first explained in some detail and then evaluated on the same population of trauma patients. The goal of both systems is to predict the outcome of those patients. The results are summarized and explained in terms of differing algorithms of the two models.

Artificial Intelligence↗
PubMed1996

Hierarchical Concept Formation in Associative Memory Composed of Neuro-window Elements.

In the present letter, the authors propose a model of hierarchical concept formation in auto-associative memory composed of neuro-window elements. When hierarchically correlated patterns are memorized, each center of the correlated memory patterns can be defined as a concept pattern which represents those similar patterns. It is shown that the concept patterns are formed under a Hebbian learning rule in the neural network where all the neuro-window elements are just mutually connected, and that the memory patterns and the concept patterns in each level of hierarchy can be retrieved selectively by adjusting the parameters of the neuro-window elements. Copyright 1996 Elsevier Science Ltd

Journal Article↗
PubMed1989

Defective concept formation in parkinsonians is independent from mental deterioration.

An extensive neuropsychological battery (the Mental Deterioration Battery) was utilized to distinguish, within a sample of 24 idiopathic Parkinsonians, those showing signs of diffuse mental deterioration (n = 9) from those without deterioration (n = 15). Performances of control subjects on a wide range of tests exploring mnesic, visuo-constructive, linguistic and general intellectual functions (n = 21) did not differ from analogous performances of Parkinsonians without signs of diffuse mental deterioration. The Wisconsin Card Sorting Test was then used to verify the hypothesis that a selective impairment of cognitive functions subsumed by the integrity of frontal lobes could be demonstrated in Parkinsonian patients. Our results provide evidence that in this task, defective performances are obtained by Parkinsonians and even by patients without signs of diffuse cognitive impairment. These findings seem to confirm that a deficit in concept formation, maintenance and shifting is largely independent of the dementia frequently noticed in Parkinson's disease.

Aged↗